Fast Solidification of Pure Gallium at Room Temperature and its Micromechanical Properties
Abstract With excellent electrical conductivity, fluidity, rheological property, and biocompatibility, gallium has been intensively studied in the fields of flexible electronics and devices, thermal management, and soft robotics. However, the large degree of supercooling of gallium presents a large...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley-VCH
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Advanced Materials Interfaces |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202202100 |
| _version_ | 1797772458415095808 |
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| author | Xinpeng Wang Xueni Lu Wenlong Xiao Xingtong Liu Liangtao Li Hao Chang Zhenwei Yu Xiawei Yang Lingqian Chang Kang Sun Qian Wang Caicai Jiao Liang Hu |
| author_facet | Xinpeng Wang Xueni Lu Wenlong Xiao Xingtong Liu Liangtao Li Hao Chang Zhenwei Yu Xiawei Yang Lingqian Chang Kang Sun Qian Wang Caicai Jiao Liang Hu |
| author_sort | Xinpeng Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract With excellent electrical conductivity, fluidity, rheological property, and biocompatibility, gallium has been intensively studied in the fields of flexible electronics and devices, thermal management, and soft robotics. However, the large degree of supercooling of gallium presents a large limitation for phase transition‐related applications such as the very low temperature required for solidification, the impurities, and side effects brought in by nucleating agents. In this study, solidification process of liquid gallium by using solid gallium as a nucleating agent is discovered to be fast and facile at room temperature compared with other agent materials including copper, iron, and nickel. Quantificationally, solidified gallium as a nucleating agent, can effectively reduce the supercooling degree from about 66.3 to 14.8 °C. The freezing velocity can reach to 200 mm3 min−1. The possible mechanism is reducing the energy barrier via adding nucleation site, allowing rapid solidification at room temperature accompanying heat dissipation. Moreover, micromechanical properties are compared between raw solid Ga and the solidified Ga induced by Ga agent, which suggests a slight decrease in mechanical strength at room temperature with the nucleating agent. It will be beneficial to understand the phase change and also provide guidance for the application of gallium regarding its mechanical properties. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T21:52:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-729c12447b9b478ab76467fe54677dc4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2196-7350 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T21:52:13Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | Wiley-VCH |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Advanced Materials Interfaces |
| spelling | doaj.art-729c12447b9b478ab76467fe54677dc42023-07-26T01:35:58ZengWiley-VCHAdvanced Materials Interfaces2196-73502023-02-01104n/an/a10.1002/admi.202202100Fast Solidification of Pure Gallium at Room Temperature and its Micromechanical PropertiesXinpeng Wang0Xueni Lu1Wenlong Xiao2Xingtong Liu3Liangtao Li4Hao Chang5Zhenwei Yu6Xiawei Yang7Lingqian Chang8Kang Sun9Qian Wang10Caicai Jiao11Liang Hu12Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering Institute of Nanotechnology for Single Cell Analysis (INSCA) Beihang University Beijing 100191 ChinaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering Beihang University Beijing 100191 ChinaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering Beihang University Beijing 100191 ChinaSchool of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Beihang University Beijing 100191 ChinaBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering Institute of Nanotechnology for Single Cell Analysis (INSCA) Beihang University Beijing 100191 ChinaBeijing Key Lab of CryoBiomedical Engineering and Key Lab of Cryogenics Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 ChinaShenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 ChinaKey Laboratory of Solidification Processing Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Friction Welding Technologies Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an Shaanxi 710072 ChinaBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering Institute of Nanotechnology for Single Cell Analysis (INSCA) Beihang University Beijing 100191 ChinaBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering Institute of Nanotechnology for Single Cell Analysis (INSCA) Beihang University Beijing 100191 ChinaBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering Institute of Nanotechnology for Single Cell Analysis (INSCA) Beihang University Beijing 100191 ChinaBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering Institute of Nanotechnology for Single Cell Analysis (INSCA) Beihang University Beijing 100191 ChinaBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering Institute of Nanotechnology for Single Cell Analysis (INSCA) Beihang University Beijing 100191 ChinaAbstract With excellent electrical conductivity, fluidity, rheological property, and biocompatibility, gallium has been intensively studied in the fields of flexible electronics and devices, thermal management, and soft robotics. However, the large degree of supercooling of gallium presents a large limitation for phase transition‐related applications such as the very low temperature required for solidification, the impurities, and side effects brought in by nucleating agents. In this study, solidification process of liquid gallium by using solid gallium as a nucleating agent is discovered to be fast and facile at room temperature compared with other agent materials including copper, iron, and nickel. Quantificationally, solidified gallium as a nucleating agent, can effectively reduce the supercooling degree from about 66.3 to 14.8 °C. The freezing velocity can reach to 200 mm3 min−1. The possible mechanism is reducing the energy barrier via adding nucleation site, allowing rapid solidification at room temperature accompanying heat dissipation. Moreover, micromechanical properties are compared between raw solid Ga and the solidified Ga induced by Ga agent, which suggests a slight decrease in mechanical strength at room temperature with the nucleating agent. It will be beneficial to understand the phase change and also provide guidance for the application of gallium regarding its mechanical properties.https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202202100galliumliquid metalmicromechanical propertynucleating agentsolidification |
| spellingShingle | Xinpeng Wang Xueni Lu Wenlong Xiao Xingtong Liu Liangtao Li Hao Chang Zhenwei Yu Xiawei Yang Lingqian Chang Kang Sun Qian Wang Caicai Jiao Liang Hu Fast Solidification of Pure Gallium at Room Temperature and its Micromechanical Properties Advanced Materials Interfaces gallium liquid metal micromechanical property nucleating agent solidification |
| title | Fast Solidification of Pure Gallium at Room Temperature and its Micromechanical Properties |
| title_full | Fast Solidification of Pure Gallium at Room Temperature and its Micromechanical Properties |
| title_fullStr | Fast Solidification of Pure Gallium at Room Temperature and its Micromechanical Properties |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fast Solidification of Pure Gallium at Room Temperature and its Micromechanical Properties |
| title_short | Fast Solidification of Pure Gallium at Room Temperature and its Micromechanical Properties |
| title_sort | fast solidification of pure gallium at room temperature and its micromechanical properties |
| topic | gallium liquid metal micromechanical property nucleating agent solidification |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202202100 |
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