Flight Dynamic Characteristics of Wide-Body Aircraft with Wind Gust and Turbulence

In this research, a wide-body aircraft was analyzed with critical monitoring of its states, a function of several control inputs (wind gust, turbulence, and microburst). The aerodynamic and stability coefficients of a Boeing 747-200 were obtained from previously published works and 6- DOF equations...

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Main Authors: Kashif Mehmood, Syed Irtiza Ali Shah, Taimur Ali Shams, Muhammad Nafees Mumtaz Qadri, Tariq Amin Khan, David Kukulka
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2023-12-01
Series:Fluids
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5521/8/12/320
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author Kashif Mehmood
Syed Irtiza Ali Shah
Taimur Ali Shams
Muhammad Nafees Mumtaz Qadri
Tariq Amin Khan
David Kukulka
author_facet Kashif Mehmood
Syed Irtiza Ali Shah
Taimur Ali Shams
Muhammad Nafees Mumtaz Qadri
Tariq Amin Khan
David Kukulka
author_sort Kashif Mehmood
collection DOAJ
description In this research, a wide-body aircraft was analyzed with critical monitoring of its states, a function of several control inputs (wind gust, turbulence, and microburst). The aerodynamic and stability coefficients of a Boeing 747-200 were obtained from previously published works and 6- DOF equations were formulated. Simulations were conducted for various control inputs to determine the aircraft’s free response, as well as the forced response. In order to understand the nature of the atmosphere, three different models were incorporated, including (i) the Dryden Model, (ii) wind gust, and (iii) microburst. The aircraft was found to be stable in the longitudinal and lateral flight modes, with trim conditions agreeing with published data. For a vertical wind gust of −10 ft/s, the AoA and pitch rate were observed to oscillate sinusoidally and became stable with new trim conditions. These states were found to regain trim conditions once the gust was removed. In the case of 3D gust, it was found that the longitudinal modes achieved a new trim condition through Phugoid oscillations, whereas the lateral modes underwent short-period oscillations. For the case of turbulence, random fluctuations were observed for trim conditions with no unstable behavior. When considering the microburst case, it was found that the aircraft initially gained altitude in the region of the headwind; this was followed by a sharp descent under the influence of a vertical velocity component.
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spelling doaj.art-72a9093288ef405d8ca28185dd199a9f2023-12-22T14:08:25ZengMDPI AGFluids2311-55212023-12-0181232010.3390/fluids8120320Flight Dynamic Characteristics of Wide-Body Aircraft with Wind Gust and TurbulenceKashif Mehmood0Syed Irtiza Ali Shah1Taimur Ali Shams2Muhammad Nafees Mumtaz Qadri3Tariq Amin Khan4David Kukulka5Department of Aerospace Engineering, College of Aeronautical Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad 44000, PakistanDepartment of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Air University, Islamabad 44000, PakistanDepartment of Aerospace Engineering, College of Aeronautical Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad 44000, PakistanDepartment of Aerospace Engineering, College of Aeronautical Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad 44000, PakistanDepartment of Aerospace Engineering, College of Aeronautical Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad 44000, PakistanDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, State University of New York College at Buffalo, 1300 Elmwood Avenue, Buffalo, NY 14222, USAIn this research, a wide-body aircraft was analyzed with critical monitoring of its states, a function of several control inputs (wind gust, turbulence, and microburst). The aerodynamic and stability coefficients of a Boeing 747-200 were obtained from previously published works and 6- DOF equations were formulated. Simulations were conducted for various control inputs to determine the aircraft’s free response, as well as the forced response. In order to understand the nature of the atmosphere, three different models were incorporated, including (i) the Dryden Model, (ii) wind gust, and (iii) microburst. The aircraft was found to be stable in the longitudinal and lateral flight modes, with trim conditions agreeing with published data. For a vertical wind gust of −10 ft/s, the AoA and pitch rate were observed to oscillate sinusoidally and became stable with new trim conditions. These states were found to regain trim conditions once the gust was removed. In the case of 3D gust, it was found that the longitudinal modes achieved a new trim condition through Phugoid oscillations, whereas the lateral modes underwent short-period oscillations. For the case of turbulence, random fluctuations were observed for trim conditions with no unstable behavior. When considering the microburst case, it was found that the aircraft initially gained altitude in the region of the headwind; this was followed by a sharp descent under the influence of a vertical velocity component.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5521/8/12/320non-linear aircraft dynamicsatmospheric turbulencewind gustmicroburstcontrol engineering
spellingShingle Kashif Mehmood
Syed Irtiza Ali Shah
Taimur Ali Shams
Muhammad Nafees Mumtaz Qadri
Tariq Amin Khan
David Kukulka
Flight Dynamic Characteristics of Wide-Body Aircraft with Wind Gust and Turbulence
Fluids
non-linear aircraft dynamics
atmospheric turbulence
wind gust
microburst
control engineering
title Flight Dynamic Characteristics of Wide-Body Aircraft with Wind Gust and Turbulence
title_full Flight Dynamic Characteristics of Wide-Body Aircraft with Wind Gust and Turbulence
title_fullStr Flight Dynamic Characteristics of Wide-Body Aircraft with Wind Gust and Turbulence
title_full_unstemmed Flight Dynamic Characteristics of Wide-Body Aircraft with Wind Gust and Turbulence
title_short Flight Dynamic Characteristics of Wide-Body Aircraft with Wind Gust and Turbulence
title_sort flight dynamic characteristics of wide body aircraft with wind gust and turbulence
topic non-linear aircraft dynamics
atmospheric turbulence
wind gust
microburst
control engineering
url https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5521/8/12/320
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AT muhammadnafeesmumtazqadri flightdynamiccharacteristicsofwidebodyaircraftwithwindgustandturbulence
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