Analysis on the Vulnerability of a Tunnel Entrance under Internal Explosion
Tunnels play an essential role in the transportation network. Tunnel entrances are usually buried at a shallow depth. In the event of an internal explosion, the blast pressure will cause severe damage or even collapse of the tunnel entrance, paralyzing the traffic system. Therefore, an accurate asse...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/24/9727 |
| _version_ | 1797455310841970688 |
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| author | Zichao Liu Jun Wu Qinyi Chen Shutao Li Qiushi Yan Haitao Yu |
| author_facet | Zichao Liu Jun Wu Qinyi Chen Shutao Li Qiushi Yan Haitao Yu |
| author_sort | Zichao Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Tunnels play an essential role in the transportation network. Tunnel entrances are usually buried at a shallow depth. In the event of an internal explosion, the blast pressure will cause severe damage or even collapse of the tunnel entrance, paralyzing the traffic system. Therefore, an accurate assessment of the damage level of tunnel entrances under internal blast loading can provide effective assistance for the anti-blast design of tunnels, post-disaster emergency response, and economic damage assessment. In this paper, four tunnel entrance specimens were designed and fabricated with a scale ratio of 1/5.5, and a series of field blast tests were carried out to examine the damage pattern of the tunnel entrances under internal explosion. Subsequently, static loading tests were conducted to obtain the maximum bearing capacity of the intact specimen and residual bearing capacities of the post-blast specimens. After that, an explicit non-linear analysis was carried out and a numerical finite element (FE) model of the tunnel entrance under internal blast loading was established by adopting the arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) method and validated based on the data obtained from the field blast and static loading tests. A probabilistic vulnerability analysis of a typical tunnel entrance subjected to stochastic internal explosions (assuming various charge weights and detonation points) was then carried out with the validated FE model. For the purpose of damage assessment, the residual bearing capacity of the tunnel entrance was taken as the damage criterion. The vulnerability curves corresponding to various damage levels were further developed based on the stochastic data from the probabilistic vulnerability analysis. When the charge weight was 200 kg, the tunnel entrance exhibited slight or moderate damage, while the tunnel entrance suffered severe or even complete damage as the charge weight increased to 1000 kg. However, the tunnel entrance’s probability of complete damage was less than 10% when the TNT charge weight did not exceed 1000 kg. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:52:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-72ad131a323d409ca16573d8e59b31b0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:52:36Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-72ad131a323d409ca16573d8e59b31b02023-11-24T17:54:21ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202022-12-012224972710.3390/s22249727Analysis on the Vulnerability of a Tunnel Entrance under Internal ExplosionZichao Liu0Jun Wu1Qinyi Chen2Shutao Li3Qiushi Yan4Haitao Yu5School of Urban Rail Transportation, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, ChinaSchool of Urban Rail Transportation, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, ChinaSchool of Urban Rail Transportation, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, ChinaInstitute of Defense Engineering, AMS, PLA, Beijing 100036, ChinaKey Laboratory of Urban Security and Disaster Engineering, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, ChinaDepartment of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, ChinaTunnels play an essential role in the transportation network. Tunnel entrances are usually buried at a shallow depth. In the event of an internal explosion, the blast pressure will cause severe damage or even collapse of the tunnel entrance, paralyzing the traffic system. Therefore, an accurate assessment of the damage level of tunnel entrances under internal blast loading can provide effective assistance for the anti-blast design of tunnels, post-disaster emergency response, and economic damage assessment. In this paper, four tunnel entrance specimens were designed and fabricated with a scale ratio of 1/5.5, and a series of field blast tests were carried out to examine the damage pattern of the tunnel entrances under internal explosion. Subsequently, static loading tests were conducted to obtain the maximum bearing capacity of the intact specimen and residual bearing capacities of the post-blast specimens. After that, an explicit non-linear analysis was carried out and a numerical finite element (FE) model of the tunnel entrance under internal blast loading was established by adopting the arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) method and validated based on the data obtained from the field blast and static loading tests. A probabilistic vulnerability analysis of a typical tunnel entrance subjected to stochastic internal explosions (assuming various charge weights and detonation points) was then carried out with the validated FE model. For the purpose of damage assessment, the residual bearing capacity of the tunnel entrance was taken as the damage criterion. The vulnerability curves corresponding to various damage levels were further developed based on the stochastic data from the probabilistic vulnerability analysis. When the charge weight was 200 kg, the tunnel entrance exhibited slight or moderate damage, while the tunnel entrance suffered severe or even complete damage as the charge weight increased to 1000 kg. However, the tunnel entrance’s probability of complete damage was less than 10% when the TNT charge weight did not exceed 1000 kg.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/24/9727tunnel entranceinternal explosionresidual bearing capacityvulnerability analysis |
| spellingShingle | Zichao Liu Jun Wu Qinyi Chen Shutao Li Qiushi Yan Haitao Yu Analysis on the Vulnerability of a Tunnel Entrance under Internal Explosion Sensors tunnel entrance internal explosion residual bearing capacity vulnerability analysis |
| title | Analysis on the Vulnerability of a Tunnel Entrance under Internal Explosion |
| title_full | Analysis on the Vulnerability of a Tunnel Entrance under Internal Explosion |
| title_fullStr | Analysis on the Vulnerability of a Tunnel Entrance under Internal Explosion |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analysis on the Vulnerability of a Tunnel Entrance under Internal Explosion |
| title_short | Analysis on the Vulnerability of a Tunnel Entrance under Internal Explosion |
| title_sort | analysis on the vulnerability of a tunnel entrance under internal explosion |
| topic | tunnel entrance internal explosion residual bearing capacity vulnerability analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/24/9727 |
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