Diversity of Axonal and Dendritic Contributions to Neuronal Output
Our general understanding of neuronal function is that dendrites receive information that is transmitted to the axon, where action potentials (APs) are initiated and propagated to eventually trigger neurotransmitter release at synaptic terminals. Even though this canonical division of labor is true...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fncel.2019.00570/full |
| _version_ | 1818110849110245376 |
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| author | Jean-Marc Goaillard Estelle Moubarak Mónica Tapia Fabien Tell |
| author_facet | Jean-Marc Goaillard Estelle Moubarak Mónica Tapia Fabien Tell |
| author_sort | Jean-Marc Goaillard |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Our general understanding of neuronal function is that dendrites receive information that is transmitted to the axon, where action potentials (APs) are initiated and propagated to eventually trigger neurotransmitter release at synaptic terminals. Even though this canonical division of labor is true for a number of neuronal types in the mammalian brain (including neocortical and hippocampal pyramidal neurons or cerebellar Purkinje neurons), many neuronal types do not comply with this classical polarity scheme. In fact, dendrites can be the site of AP initiation and propagation, and even neurotransmitter release. In several interneuron types, all functions are carried out by dendrites as these neurons are devoid of a canonical axon. In this article, we present a few examples of “misbehaving” neurons (with a non-canonical polarity scheme) to highlight the diversity of solutions that are used by mammalian neurons to transmit information. Moreover, we discuss how the contribution of dendrites and axons to neuronal excitability may impose constraints on the morphology of these compartments in specific functional contexts. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T02:53:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-72c0a9eed61f4383a1ae7a5757ce6e8e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-5102 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T02:53:41Z |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-72c0a9eed61f4383a1ae7a5757ce6e8e2022-12-22T01:23:14ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience1662-51022020-01-011310.3389/fncel.2019.00570494816Diversity of Axonal and Dendritic Contributions to Neuronal OutputJean-Marc GoaillardEstelle MoubarakMónica TapiaFabien TellOur general understanding of neuronal function is that dendrites receive information that is transmitted to the axon, where action potentials (APs) are initiated and propagated to eventually trigger neurotransmitter release at synaptic terminals. Even though this canonical division of labor is true for a number of neuronal types in the mammalian brain (including neocortical and hippocampal pyramidal neurons or cerebellar Purkinje neurons), many neuronal types do not comply with this classical polarity scheme. In fact, dendrites can be the site of AP initiation and propagation, and even neurotransmitter release. In several interneuron types, all functions are carried out by dendrites as these neurons are devoid of a canonical axon. In this article, we present a few examples of “misbehaving” neurons (with a non-canonical polarity scheme) to highlight the diversity of solutions that are used by mammalian neurons to transmit information. Moreover, we discuss how the contribution of dendrites and axons to neuronal excitability may impose constraints on the morphology of these compartments in specific functional contexts.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fncel.2019.00570/fulldendriteaxonmorphologyion channelsneurotransmitter |
| spellingShingle | Jean-Marc Goaillard Estelle Moubarak Mónica Tapia Fabien Tell Diversity of Axonal and Dendritic Contributions to Neuronal Output Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience dendrite axon morphology ion channels neurotransmitter |
| title | Diversity of Axonal and Dendritic Contributions to Neuronal Output |
| title_full | Diversity of Axonal and Dendritic Contributions to Neuronal Output |
| title_fullStr | Diversity of Axonal and Dendritic Contributions to Neuronal Output |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diversity of Axonal and Dendritic Contributions to Neuronal Output |
| title_short | Diversity of Axonal and Dendritic Contributions to Neuronal Output |
| title_sort | diversity of axonal and dendritic contributions to neuronal output |
| topic | dendrite axon morphology ion channels neurotransmitter |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fncel.2019.00570/full |
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