Inversely modeling homogeneous H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> − H<sub>2</sub>O nucleation rate in exhaust-related conditions
<p>The homogeneous sulfuric acid–water nucleation rate in conditions related to vehicle exhaust was measured and modeled. The measurements were performed by evaporating sulfuric acid and water liquids and by diluting and cooling the sample vapor with a sampling system mimicking the dilution pr...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2019-05-01
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| Series: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| Online Access: | https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/19/6367/2019/acp-19-6367-2019.pdf |
| _version_ | 1818583932797452288 |
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| author | M. Olin J. Alanen J. Alanen M. R. T. Palmroth T. Rönkkö M. Dal Maso |
| author_facet | M. Olin J. Alanen J. Alanen M. R. T. Palmroth T. Rönkkö M. Dal Maso |
| author_sort | M. Olin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>The homogeneous sulfuric acid–water nucleation rate in conditions
related to vehicle exhaust was measured and modeled. The measurements were
performed by evaporating sulfuric acid and water liquids and by diluting and
cooling the sample vapor with a sampling system mimicking the dilution
process occurring in a real-world driving situation. The nucleation rate
inside the measurement system was modeled inversely using CFD (computational
fluid dynamics) and the aerosol dynamics code, CFD-TUTMAM (Tampere University
of Technology Modal Aerosol Model for CFD). The nucleation exponents for the
concentrations of sulfuric acid and water and for the saturation vapor
pressure of sulfuric acid were found to be <span class="inline-formula">1.9±0.1</span>, <span class="inline-formula">0.50±0.05</span>,
and <span class="inline-formula">0.75±0.05</span>, respectively. These exponents can be used to examine the
nucleation mechanisms occurring in exhaust from different combustion sources
(internal combustion engines, power plant boilers, etc.) or in the
atmosphere. Additionally, the nucleation rate can be expressed with the exponents
as a function of the concentrations of sulfuric acid and water and of
temperature. The obtained function can be used as a starting point for
inverse modeling studies of more complex nucleation mechanisms involving
extra compounds in addition to sulfuric acid and water. More complex
nucleation mechanisms, such as those involving hydrocarbons, are observed with real
vehicle exhaust and are also supported by the results obtained in this study.
Furthermore, the function can be used to improve air quality models by using
it to model the effect of sulfuric acid-emitting traffic and power generation
on the particle concentration in urban air.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T08:13:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-72cdb686cea344119bb19e4e7d65f15c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1680-7316 1680-7324 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T08:13:08Z |
| publishDate | 2019-05-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-72cdb686cea344119bb19e4e7d65f15c2022-12-21T22:38:19ZengCopernicus PublicationsAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics1680-73161680-73242019-05-01196367638810.5194/acp-19-6367-2019Inversely modeling homogeneous H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> − H<sub>2</sub>O nucleation rate in exhaust-related conditionsM. Olin0J. Alanen1J. Alanen2M. R. T. Palmroth3T. Rönkkö4M. Dal Maso5Aerosol Physics Laboratory, Physics Unit, Tampere University, P.O. Box 692, 33014 Tampere, FinlandAerosol Physics Laboratory, Physics Unit, Tampere University, P.O. Box 692, 33014 Tampere, Finlandnow at: AGCO Power, Linnavuorentie 8–10, 37240 Linnavuori, FinlandBio and Circular Economy, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, 33014 Tampere, FinlandAerosol Physics Laboratory, Physics Unit, Tampere University, P.O. Box 692, 33014 Tampere, FinlandAerosol Physics Laboratory, Physics Unit, Tampere University, P.O. Box 692, 33014 Tampere, Finland<p>The homogeneous sulfuric acid–water nucleation rate in conditions related to vehicle exhaust was measured and modeled. The measurements were performed by evaporating sulfuric acid and water liquids and by diluting and cooling the sample vapor with a sampling system mimicking the dilution process occurring in a real-world driving situation. The nucleation rate inside the measurement system was modeled inversely using CFD (computational fluid dynamics) and the aerosol dynamics code, CFD-TUTMAM (Tampere University of Technology Modal Aerosol Model for CFD). The nucleation exponents for the concentrations of sulfuric acid and water and for the saturation vapor pressure of sulfuric acid were found to be <span class="inline-formula">1.9±0.1</span>, <span class="inline-formula">0.50±0.05</span>, and <span class="inline-formula">0.75±0.05</span>, respectively. These exponents can be used to examine the nucleation mechanisms occurring in exhaust from different combustion sources (internal combustion engines, power plant boilers, etc.) or in the atmosphere. Additionally, the nucleation rate can be expressed with the exponents as a function of the concentrations of sulfuric acid and water and of temperature. The obtained function can be used as a starting point for inverse modeling studies of more complex nucleation mechanisms involving extra compounds in addition to sulfuric acid and water. More complex nucleation mechanisms, such as those involving hydrocarbons, are observed with real vehicle exhaust and are also supported by the results obtained in this study. Furthermore, the function can be used to improve air quality models by using it to model the effect of sulfuric acid-emitting traffic and power generation on the particle concentration in urban air.</p>https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/19/6367/2019/acp-19-6367-2019.pdf |
| spellingShingle | M. Olin J. Alanen J. Alanen M. R. T. Palmroth T. Rönkkö M. Dal Maso Inversely modeling homogeneous H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> − H<sub>2</sub>O nucleation rate in exhaust-related conditions Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| title | Inversely modeling homogeneous H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> − H<sub>2</sub>O nucleation rate in exhaust-related conditions |
| title_full | Inversely modeling homogeneous H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> − H<sub>2</sub>O nucleation rate in exhaust-related conditions |
| title_fullStr | Inversely modeling homogeneous H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> − H<sub>2</sub>O nucleation rate in exhaust-related conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Inversely modeling homogeneous H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> − H<sub>2</sub>O nucleation rate in exhaust-related conditions |
| title_short | Inversely modeling homogeneous H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> − H<sub>2</sub>O nucleation rate in exhaust-related conditions |
| title_sort | inversely modeling homogeneous h sub 2 sub so sub 4 sub h sub 2 sub o nucleation rate in exhaust related conditions |
| url | https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/19/6367/2019/acp-19-6367-2019.pdf |
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