Electrospun decellularized extracellular matrix scaffolds promote the regeneration of injured neurons
Traumatic injury to the spinal cord (SCI) causes the transection of neurons, formation of a lesion cavity, and remodeling of the microenvironment by excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and scar formation leading to a regeneration-prohibiting environment. Electrospun fiber scaffolds have...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Biomaterials and Biosystems |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666534423000107 |
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| author | Lena Mungenast Ronya Nieminen Carine Gaiser Ana Bela Faia-Torres Jürgen Rühe Laura Suter-Dick |
| author_facet | Lena Mungenast Ronya Nieminen Carine Gaiser Ana Bela Faia-Torres Jürgen Rühe Laura Suter-Dick |
| author_sort | Lena Mungenast |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Traumatic injury to the spinal cord (SCI) causes the transection of neurons, formation of a lesion cavity, and remodeling of the microenvironment by excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and scar formation leading to a regeneration-prohibiting environment. Electrospun fiber scaffolds have been shown to simulate the ECM and increase neural alignment and neurite outgrowth contributing to a growth-permissive matrix. In this work, electrospun ECM-like fibers providing biochemical and topological cues are implemented into a scaffold to represent an oriented biomaterial suitable for the alignment and migration of neural cells in order to improve spinal cord regeneration. The successfully decellularized spinal cord ECM (dECM), with no visible cell nuclei and dsDNA content < 50 ng/mg tissue, showed preserved ECM components, such as glycosaminoglycans and collagens. Serving as the biomaterial for 3D printer-assisted electrospinning, highly aligned and randomly distributed dECM fiber scaffolds (< 1 µm fiber diameter) were fabricated. The scaffolds were cytocompatible and supported the viability of a human neural cell line (SH-SY5Y) for 14 days. Cells were selectively differentiated into neurons, as confirmed by immunolabeling of specific cell markers (ChAT, Tubulin ß), and followed the orientation given by the dECM scaffolds. After generating a lesion site on the cell-scaffold model, cell migration was observed and compared to reference poly-ε-caprolactone fiber scaffolds. The aligned dECM fiber scaffold promoted the fastest and most efficient lesion closure, indicating superior cell guiding capabilities of dECM-based scaffolds. The strategy of combining decellularized tissues with controlled deposition of fibers to optimize biochemical and topographical cues opens the way for clinically relevant central nervous system scaffolding solutions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T12:19:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-72d083ad991e405aac94b064508dbd41 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2666-5344 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T12:19:42Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomaterials and Biosystems |
| spelling | doaj.art-72d083ad991e405aac94b064508dbd412023-08-30T05:54:55ZengElsevierBiomaterials and Biosystems2666-53442023-09-0111100081Electrospun decellularized extracellular matrix scaffolds promote the regeneration of injured neuronsLena Mungenast0Ronya Nieminen1Carine Gaiser2Ana Bela Faia-Torres3Jürgen Rühe4Laura Suter-Dick5Institute for Chemistry and Bioanalytics, University of Applied Sciences FHNW, Hofackerstrasse 30, Muttenz 4132, SwitzerlandInstitute for Chemistry and Bioanalytics, University of Applied Sciences FHNW, Hofackerstrasse 30, Muttenz 4132, SwitzerlandInstitute for Chemistry and Bioanalytics, University of Applied Sciences FHNW, Hofackerstrasse 30, Muttenz 4132, SwitzerlandInstitute for Chemistry and Bioanalytics, University of Applied Sciences FHNW, Hofackerstrasse 30, Muttenz 4132, SwitzerlandDepartment of Microsystems Engineering, IMTEK, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79110, GermanyInstitute for Chemistry and Bioanalytics, University of Applied Sciences FHNW, Hofackerstrasse 30, Muttenz 4132, Switzerland; SCAHT: Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology, Missionsstrasse 64, Basel 4055, Switzerland; Corresponding author at: Institute for Chemistry and Bioanalytics, University of Applied Sciences FHNW, Hofackerstrasse 30, Muttenz 4132, Switzerland.Traumatic injury to the spinal cord (SCI) causes the transection of neurons, formation of a lesion cavity, and remodeling of the microenvironment by excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and scar formation leading to a regeneration-prohibiting environment. Electrospun fiber scaffolds have been shown to simulate the ECM and increase neural alignment and neurite outgrowth contributing to a growth-permissive matrix. In this work, electrospun ECM-like fibers providing biochemical and topological cues are implemented into a scaffold to represent an oriented biomaterial suitable for the alignment and migration of neural cells in order to improve spinal cord regeneration. The successfully decellularized spinal cord ECM (dECM), with no visible cell nuclei and dsDNA content < 50 ng/mg tissue, showed preserved ECM components, such as glycosaminoglycans and collagens. Serving as the biomaterial for 3D printer-assisted electrospinning, highly aligned and randomly distributed dECM fiber scaffolds (< 1 µm fiber diameter) were fabricated. The scaffolds were cytocompatible and supported the viability of a human neural cell line (SH-SY5Y) for 14 days. Cells were selectively differentiated into neurons, as confirmed by immunolabeling of specific cell markers (ChAT, Tubulin ß), and followed the orientation given by the dECM scaffolds. After generating a lesion site on the cell-scaffold model, cell migration was observed and compared to reference poly-ε-caprolactone fiber scaffolds. The aligned dECM fiber scaffold promoted the fastest and most efficient lesion closure, indicating superior cell guiding capabilities of dECM-based scaffolds. The strategy of combining decellularized tissues with controlled deposition of fibers to optimize biochemical and topographical cues opens the way for clinically relevant central nervous system scaffolding solutions.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666534423000107Neural cell guidingNeuronal migrationElectrospinningExtracellular matrixDecellularized scaffolds |
| spellingShingle | Lena Mungenast Ronya Nieminen Carine Gaiser Ana Bela Faia-Torres Jürgen Rühe Laura Suter-Dick Electrospun decellularized extracellular matrix scaffolds promote the regeneration of injured neurons Biomaterials and Biosystems Neural cell guiding Neuronal migration Electrospinning Extracellular matrix Decellularized scaffolds |
| title | Electrospun decellularized extracellular matrix scaffolds promote the regeneration of injured neurons |
| title_full | Electrospun decellularized extracellular matrix scaffolds promote the regeneration of injured neurons |
| title_fullStr | Electrospun decellularized extracellular matrix scaffolds promote the regeneration of injured neurons |
| title_full_unstemmed | Electrospun decellularized extracellular matrix scaffolds promote the regeneration of injured neurons |
| title_short | Electrospun decellularized extracellular matrix scaffolds promote the regeneration of injured neurons |
| title_sort | electrospun decellularized extracellular matrix scaffolds promote the regeneration of injured neurons |
| topic | Neural cell guiding Neuronal migration Electrospinning Extracellular matrix Decellularized scaffolds |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666534423000107 |
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