Ultra-Short Pulse Laser Cleaning of Contaminated Pleistocene Bone: A Comprehensive Study on the Influence of Pulse Duration and Wavelength
The impact of wavelength and pulse duration in laser cleaning of hard blackish contaminants crust from archaeologically significant Pleistocene bone is investigated in this research. The objective is to determine the practical cleaning procedures and identify adequate laser parameters for cleaning a...
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2571-9408/6/3/132 |
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| author | Md. Ashiqur Rahman Germán F. de la Fuente José Miguel Carretero Mª Pilar Alonso Abad Rodrigo Alonso Alcalde Rémy Chapoulie Nick Schiavon Luis A. Angurel |
| author_facet | Md. Ashiqur Rahman Germán F. de la Fuente José Miguel Carretero Mª Pilar Alonso Abad Rodrigo Alonso Alcalde Rémy Chapoulie Nick Schiavon Luis A. Angurel |
| author_sort | Md. Ashiqur Rahman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The impact of wavelength and pulse duration in laser cleaning of hard blackish contaminants crust from archaeologically significant Pleistocene bone is investigated in this research. The objective is to determine the practical cleaning procedures and identify adequate laser parameters for cleaning archaeological bone from <i>Sima de los Huesos</i> (Spain) based on conservation and restoration perspectives. Bone surface cleaning was performed utilizing two Q-switched Nd:YAG lasers: sub-nanosecond pulsed lasers with emission wavelengths at 355 nm and 1064 nm, respectively, and a Yb:KGW femtosecond pulsed laser with an emission wavelength in the third harmonic at 343 nm. In all experiments, the laser beam scanning mode was applied to measure cleaning efficiency in removing contaminants and degradation products while assessing the underlying substrate surface damage. Several properties, including wavelength-dependent absorption, pulse repetition rate, and thermal properties of the material, are analyzed when evaluating the ability of these lasers to boost the cleaning efficiency of the deteriorated bone surface. Bone surface morphology and composition were studied and compared before and after laser irradiation, using Optical Microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometry (SEM-EDS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) characterization methods. The results indicate that 238-femtosecond UV laser irradiation with 2.37 TWcm<sup>−2</sup> is significantly safer and more efficient toward surface contaminant desorption than sub-nanosecond laser irradiation. The results herein presented suggest that these types of fs lasers may be considered for realistic laser conservation of valuable historic and archaeological museum artifacts. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:28:06Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:28:06Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-72d248597d8e40a6a58dbad5aaeef3b42023-11-17T11:22:55ZengMDPI AGHeritage2571-94082023-02-01632503251910.3390/heritage6030132Ultra-Short Pulse Laser Cleaning of Contaminated Pleistocene Bone: A Comprehensive Study on the Influence of Pulse Duration and WavelengthMd. Ashiqur Rahman0Germán F. de la Fuente1José Miguel Carretero2Mª Pilar Alonso Abad3Rodrigo Alonso Alcalde4Rémy Chapoulie5Nick Schiavon6Luis A. Angurel7Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (CSIC—University of Zaragoza), c/María de Luna 3, 50018 Zaragoza, SpainInstituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (CSIC—University of Zaragoza), c/María de Luna 3, 50018 Zaragoza, SpainLaboratorio de la Evolución Humana and Unidad Asociada de I+D+i al CSIC “Vidrio y Materiales del Patrimonio Cultural (VIMPAC)”, Departamento de Historia, Geografía y Comunicación, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos S/N, 09001 Burgos, SpainÁrea de Historia del Arte and Unidad Asociada de I+D+i al CSIC “Vidrio y Materiales del Patrimonio Cultural (VIMPAC)”, Departamento de Historia, Geografía y Comunicación, Universidad de Burgos, Pº Comendadores S/N, 09001 Burgos, SpainÁrea de Didáctica y Dinamización, Museo de la Evolución Humana, Paseo Sierra de Atapuerca nº2, 09002 Burgos, SpainArchéosciences Bordeaux UMR 6034, CNRS, University Bordeaux Montaigne, 33607 Pessac, FranceHERCULES Laboratory, University of Évora, Largo Marquês de Marialva 8, 7000-809 Évora, PortugalInstituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (CSIC—University of Zaragoza), c/María de Luna 3, 50018 Zaragoza, SpainThe impact of wavelength and pulse duration in laser cleaning of hard blackish contaminants crust from archaeologically significant Pleistocene bone is investigated in this research. The objective is to determine the practical cleaning procedures and identify adequate laser parameters for cleaning archaeological bone from <i>Sima de los Huesos</i> (Spain) based on conservation and restoration perspectives. Bone surface cleaning was performed utilizing two Q-switched Nd:YAG lasers: sub-nanosecond pulsed lasers with emission wavelengths at 355 nm and 1064 nm, respectively, and a Yb:KGW femtosecond pulsed laser with an emission wavelength in the third harmonic at 343 nm. In all experiments, the laser beam scanning mode was applied to measure cleaning efficiency in removing contaminants and degradation products while assessing the underlying substrate surface damage. Several properties, including wavelength-dependent absorption, pulse repetition rate, and thermal properties of the material, are analyzed when evaluating the ability of these lasers to boost the cleaning efficiency of the deteriorated bone surface. Bone surface morphology and composition were studied and compared before and after laser irradiation, using Optical Microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometry (SEM-EDS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) characterization methods. The results indicate that 238-femtosecond UV laser irradiation with 2.37 TWcm<sup>−2</sup> is significantly safer and more efficient toward surface contaminant desorption than sub-nanosecond laser irradiation. The results herein presented suggest that these types of fs lasers may be considered for realistic laser conservation of valuable historic and archaeological museum artifacts.https://www.mdpi.com/2571-9408/6/3/132femtosecond lasersub-nanosecond lasercleaningpulse durationwavelengtharchaeological bone |
| spellingShingle | Md. Ashiqur Rahman Germán F. de la Fuente José Miguel Carretero Mª Pilar Alonso Abad Rodrigo Alonso Alcalde Rémy Chapoulie Nick Schiavon Luis A. Angurel Ultra-Short Pulse Laser Cleaning of Contaminated Pleistocene Bone: A Comprehensive Study on the Influence of Pulse Duration and Wavelength Heritage femtosecond laser sub-nanosecond laser cleaning pulse duration wavelength archaeological bone |
| title | Ultra-Short Pulse Laser Cleaning of Contaminated Pleistocene Bone: A Comprehensive Study on the Influence of Pulse Duration and Wavelength |
| title_full | Ultra-Short Pulse Laser Cleaning of Contaminated Pleistocene Bone: A Comprehensive Study on the Influence of Pulse Duration and Wavelength |
| title_fullStr | Ultra-Short Pulse Laser Cleaning of Contaminated Pleistocene Bone: A Comprehensive Study on the Influence of Pulse Duration and Wavelength |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ultra-Short Pulse Laser Cleaning of Contaminated Pleistocene Bone: A Comprehensive Study on the Influence of Pulse Duration and Wavelength |
| title_short | Ultra-Short Pulse Laser Cleaning of Contaminated Pleistocene Bone: A Comprehensive Study on the Influence of Pulse Duration and Wavelength |
| title_sort | ultra short pulse laser cleaning of contaminated pleistocene bone a comprehensive study on the influence of pulse duration and wavelength |
| topic | femtosecond laser sub-nanosecond laser cleaning pulse duration wavelength archaeological bone |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2571-9408/6/3/132 |
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