Swimming Exercise and Transient Food Deprivation in Caenorhabditis elegans Promote Mitochondrial Maintenance and Protect Against Chemical-Induced Mitotoxicity
Abstract Exercise and caloric restriction improve health, including reducing risk of cardiovascular disease, neurological disease, and cancer. However, molecular mechanisms underlying these protections are poorly understood, partly due to the cost and time investment of mammalian long-term diet and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2018-05-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-26552-9 |
| _version_ | 1818993686647668736 |
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| author | Jessica H. Hartman Latasha L. Smith Kacy L. Gordon Ricardo Laranjeiro Monica Driscoll David R. Sherwood Joel N. Meyer |
| author_facet | Jessica H. Hartman Latasha L. Smith Kacy L. Gordon Ricardo Laranjeiro Monica Driscoll David R. Sherwood Joel N. Meyer |
| author_sort | Jessica H. Hartman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Exercise and caloric restriction improve health, including reducing risk of cardiovascular disease, neurological disease, and cancer. However, molecular mechanisms underlying these protections are poorly understood, partly due to the cost and time investment of mammalian long-term diet and exercise intervention studies. We subjected Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes to a 6-day, twice daily swimming exercise regimen, during which time the animals also experienced brief, transient food deprivation. Accordingly, we included a non-exercise group with the same transient food deprivation, a non-exercise control with ad libitum access to food, and a group that exercised in food-containing medium. Following these regimens, we assessed mitochondrial health and sensitivity to mitochondrial toxicants. Exercise protected against age-related decline in mitochondrial morphology in body-wall muscle. Food deprivation increased organismal basal respiration; however, exercise was the sole intervention that increased spare respiratory capacity and proton leak. We observed increased lifespan in exercised animals compared to both control and transiently food-deprived nematodes. Finally, exercised animals (and to a lesser extent, transiently food-deprived animals) were markedly protected against lethality from acute exposures to the mitotoxicants rotenone and arsenic. Thus, swimming exercise and brief food deprivation provide effective intervention in C. elegans, protecting from age-associated mitochondrial decline and providing resistance to mitotoxicant exposures. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T20:46:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-72d3f1ab341c44bab535ac51b4bbcded |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T20:46:00Z |
| publishDate | 2018-05-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-72d3f1ab341c44bab535ac51b4bbcded2022-12-21T19:27:03ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222018-05-018111610.1038/s41598-018-26552-9Swimming Exercise and Transient Food Deprivation in Caenorhabditis elegans Promote Mitochondrial Maintenance and Protect Against Chemical-Induced MitotoxicityJessica H. Hartman0Latasha L. Smith1Kacy L. Gordon2Ricardo Laranjeiro3Monica Driscoll4David R. Sherwood5Joel N. Meyer6Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke UniversityDepartment of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke UniversityDepartment of Biology, Duke UniversityDepartment of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Nelson Biological Laboratories, Rutgers, The State University of New JerseyDepartment of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Nelson Biological Laboratories, Rutgers, The State University of New JerseyDepartment of Biology, Duke UniversityNicholas School of the Environment, Duke UniversityAbstract Exercise and caloric restriction improve health, including reducing risk of cardiovascular disease, neurological disease, and cancer. However, molecular mechanisms underlying these protections are poorly understood, partly due to the cost and time investment of mammalian long-term diet and exercise intervention studies. We subjected Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes to a 6-day, twice daily swimming exercise regimen, during which time the animals also experienced brief, transient food deprivation. Accordingly, we included a non-exercise group with the same transient food deprivation, a non-exercise control with ad libitum access to food, and a group that exercised in food-containing medium. Following these regimens, we assessed mitochondrial health and sensitivity to mitochondrial toxicants. Exercise protected against age-related decline in mitochondrial morphology in body-wall muscle. Food deprivation increased organismal basal respiration; however, exercise was the sole intervention that increased spare respiratory capacity and proton leak. We observed increased lifespan in exercised animals compared to both control and transiently food-deprived nematodes. Finally, exercised animals (and to a lesser extent, transiently food-deprived animals) were markedly protected against lethality from acute exposures to the mitotoxicants rotenone and arsenic. Thus, swimming exercise and brief food deprivation provide effective intervention in C. elegans, protecting from age-associated mitochondrial decline and providing resistance to mitotoxicant exposures.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-26552-9 |
| spellingShingle | Jessica H. Hartman Latasha L. Smith Kacy L. Gordon Ricardo Laranjeiro Monica Driscoll David R. Sherwood Joel N. Meyer Swimming Exercise and Transient Food Deprivation in Caenorhabditis elegans Promote Mitochondrial Maintenance and Protect Against Chemical-Induced Mitotoxicity Scientific Reports |
| title | Swimming Exercise and Transient Food Deprivation in Caenorhabditis elegans Promote Mitochondrial Maintenance and Protect Against Chemical-Induced Mitotoxicity |
| title_full | Swimming Exercise and Transient Food Deprivation in Caenorhabditis elegans Promote Mitochondrial Maintenance and Protect Against Chemical-Induced Mitotoxicity |
| title_fullStr | Swimming Exercise and Transient Food Deprivation in Caenorhabditis elegans Promote Mitochondrial Maintenance and Protect Against Chemical-Induced Mitotoxicity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Swimming Exercise and Transient Food Deprivation in Caenorhabditis elegans Promote Mitochondrial Maintenance and Protect Against Chemical-Induced Mitotoxicity |
| title_short | Swimming Exercise and Transient Food Deprivation in Caenorhabditis elegans Promote Mitochondrial Maintenance and Protect Against Chemical-Induced Mitotoxicity |
| title_sort | swimming exercise and transient food deprivation in caenorhabditis elegans promote mitochondrial maintenance and protect against chemical induced mitotoxicity |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-26552-9 |
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