Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Hydroquinone Sulfonate-Based Redox Active Ionic Liquid
Introducing redox-active moieties into an ionic liquid (IL) structure is an exciting and attractive approach that has received increasing interest over recent years for a various range of energy applications. The so-called redox-active ionic liquids (RAILs) provide a highly versatile platform to pot...
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MDPI AG
2021-06-01
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| author | Farida H. Aidoudi Alessandro Sinopoli Muthumeenal Arunachalam Belabbes Merzougui Brahim Aïssa |
| author_facet | Farida H. Aidoudi Alessandro Sinopoli Muthumeenal Arunachalam Belabbes Merzougui Brahim Aïssa |
| author_sort | Farida H. Aidoudi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introducing redox-active moieties into an ionic liquid (IL) structure is an exciting and attractive approach that has received increasing interest over recent years for a various range of energy applications. The so-called redox-active ionic liquids (RAILs) provide a highly versatile platform to potentially create multifunctional electroactive materials. Ionic liquids are molten salts consisting of ionic species, often having a melting point lower than 100 °C. Such liquids are obtained by combining a bulky asymmetric organic cation and a small anion. Here, we report on the synthesis of a novel RAIL, namely 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydroquinone sulfonate ((BMIM)(HQS)). (BMIM)(HQS) was synthesized in a two-step procedure, starting by the quaternization of methylimidazole using butylchloride to produce 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ((BMIM)(Cl)), and followed by the anion exchange reaction, where the chloride anion is exchanged with hydroquinone sulfonate. The resulting product was characterized by <sup>1</sup>H NMR, <sup>13</sup>C NMR, FT-IR spectroscopy, themogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry, and shows a high stability up to 340 °C. Its electrochemical behavior was investigated using cyclic voltammetry at different temperatures and its viscosity analysis was also performed at variable temperatures. The electrochemical response of the presented RAIL was found to be temperature dependent and diffusion controlled. Overall, our results demonstrated that (BMIM)(mix of HQS and HSQ) is redox active and possesses high stability and low volatility, leading to the employment of this RAIL without any additional supporting electrolyte or additives. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:27:23Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:27:23Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-72ea9b4b11524b5a920496c72beaf6d92023-11-21T23:53:59ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442021-06-011412325910.3390/ma14123259Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Hydroquinone Sulfonate-Based Redox Active Ionic LiquidFarida H. Aidoudi0Alessandro Sinopoli1Muthumeenal Arunachalam2Belabbes Merzougui3Brahim Aïssa4Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute (QEERI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Doha P.O. Box 34110, QatarQatar Environment and Energy Research Institute (QEERI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Doha P.O. Box 34110, QatarQatar Environment and Energy Research Institute (QEERI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Doha P.O. Box 34110, QatarQatar Environment and Energy Research Institute (QEERI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Doha P.O. Box 34110, QatarQatar Environment and Energy Research Institute (QEERI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Doha P.O. Box 34110, QatarIntroducing redox-active moieties into an ionic liquid (IL) structure is an exciting and attractive approach that has received increasing interest over recent years for a various range of energy applications. The so-called redox-active ionic liquids (RAILs) provide a highly versatile platform to potentially create multifunctional electroactive materials. Ionic liquids are molten salts consisting of ionic species, often having a melting point lower than 100 °C. Such liquids are obtained by combining a bulky asymmetric organic cation and a small anion. Here, we report on the synthesis of a novel RAIL, namely 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydroquinone sulfonate ((BMIM)(HQS)). (BMIM)(HQS) was synthesized in a two-step procedure, starting by the quaternization of methylimidazole using butylchloride to produce 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ((BMIM)(Cl)), and followed by the anion exchange reaction, where the chloride anion is exchanged with hydroquinone sulfonate. The resulting product was characterized by <sup>1</sup>H NMR, <sup>13</sup>C NMR, FT-IR spectroscopy, themogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry, and shows a high stability up to 340 °C. Its electrochemical behavior was investigated using cyclic voltammetry at different temperatures and its viscosity analysis was also performed at variable temperatures. The electrochemical response of the presented RAIL was found to be temperature dependent and diffusion controlled. Overall, our results demonstrated that (BMIM)(mix of HQS and HSQ) is redox active and possesses high stability and low volatility, leading to the employment of this RAIL without any additional supporting electrolyte or additives.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/12/3259ionic liquidredox-active ionic liquidshydroquinonecyclic voltammetry |
| spellingShingle | Farida H. Aidoudi Alessandro Sinopoli Muthumeenal Arunachalam Belabbes Merzougui Brahim Aïssa Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Hydroquinone Sulfonate-Based Redox Active Ionic Liquid Materials ionic liquid redox-active ionic liquids hydroquinone cyclic voltammetry |
| title | Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Hydroquinone Sulfonate-Based Redox Active Ionic Liquid |
| title_full | Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Hydroquinone Sulfonate-Based Redox Active Ionic Liquid |
| title_fullStr | Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Hydroquinone Sulfonate-Based Redox Active Ionic Liquid |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Hydroquinone Sulfonate-Based Redox Active Ionic Liquid |
| title_short | Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Hydroquinone Sulfonate-Based Redox Active Ionic Liquid |
| title_sort | synthesis and characterization of a novel hydroquinone sulfonate based redox active ionic liquid |
| topic | ionic liquid redox-active ionic liquids hydroquinone cyclic voltammetry |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/12/3259 |
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