Different degree of cytokinemia and T-cell activation according to serum IL-6 levels in critical COVID-19
IntroductionTocilizumab, a humanized anti-interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) antibody, is recommended for the treatment of severe to critical coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19). However, there were conflicting results on the efficacy of tocilizumab. Therefore, we hypothesized that the differences in t...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1110874/full |
| _version_ | 1797852918280355840 |
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| author | Chan Mi Lee Minji Kim Minji Kim Minji Kim Chang Kyung Kang Pyoeng Gyun Choe Nam Joong Kim Hyeeun Bang Taeeun Cho Hyun Mu Shin Hyun Mu Shin Hyun Mu Shin Hang-Rae Kim Hang-Rae Kim Hang-Rae Kim Hang-Rae Kim Hang-Rae Kim Wan Beom Park Myoung-don Oh |
| author_facet | Chan Mi Lee Minji Kim Minji Kim Minji Kim Chang Kyung Kang Pyoeng Gyun Choe Nam Joong Kim Hyeeun Bang Taeeun Cho Hyun Mu Shin Hyun Mu Shin Hyun Mu Shin Hang-Rae Kim Hang-Rae Kim Hang-Rae Kim Hang-Rae Kim Hang-Rae Kim Wan Beom Park Myoung-don Oh |
| author_sort | Chan Mi Lee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionTocilizumab, a humanized anti-interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) antibody, is recommended for the treatment of severe to critical coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19). However, there were conflicting results on the efficacy of tocilizumab. Therefore, we hypothesized that the differences in tocilizumab efficacy may stem from the different immune responses of critical COVID-19 patients. In this study, we described two groups of immunologically distinct COVID-19 patients, based on their IL-6 response.MethodsWe prospectively enrolled critical COVID-19 patients, requiring oxygen support with a high flow nasal cannula or a mechanical ventilator, and analyzed their serial samples. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the cytokine kinetics and cellular immune responses, respectively.ResultsA total of nine patients with critical COVID-19 were included. The high (n = 5) and low IL-6 (n = 4) groups were distinguished by their peak serum IL-6 levels, using 400 pg/mL as the cut-off value. Although the difference of flow cytometric data did not reach the level of statistical significance, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the frequencies of intermediate monocytes (CD14+CD16+), IFN-γ+ CD4+ or CD8+ T cells, and HLA-DR+PD-1+ CD4+ T cells were higher in the high IL-6 group than in the low IL-6 group.ConclusionThere were distinctive two groups of critical COVID-19 according to serum IL-6 levels having different degrees of cytokinemia and T-cell responses. Our results indicate that the use of immune modulators should be more tailored in patients with critical COVID-19. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T19:42:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-72eec1353a3c4883b12c5d5d6cd549df |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T19:42:06Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-72eec1353a3c4883b12c5d5d6cd549df2023-04-04T05:32:33ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242023-04-011410.3389/fimmu.2023.11108741110874Different degree of cytokinemia and T-cell activation according to serum IL-6 levels in critical COVID-19Chan Mi Lee0Minji Kim1Minji Kim2Minji Kim3Chang Kyung Kang4Pyoeng Gyun Choe5Nam Joong Kim6Hyeeun Bang7Taeeun Cho8Hyun Mu Shin9Hyun Mu Shin10Hyun Mu Shin11Hang-Rae Kim12Hang-Rae Kim13Hang-Rae Kim14Hang-Rae Kim15Hang-Rae Kim16Wan Beom Park17Myoung-don Oh18Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Anatomy & Cell Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaBK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaResearch and development team 2, Molecular Diagnostics Division, Quantamatrix Inc., Seoul, Republic of KoreaResearch and development team 2, Molecular Diagnostics Division, Quantamatrix Inc., Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaBK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaWide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Anatomy & Cell Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaBK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaWide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Republic of KoreaMedical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaIntroductionTocilizumab, a humanized anti-interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) antibody, is recommended for the treatment of severe to critical coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19). However, there were conflicting results on the efficacy of tocilizumab. Therefore, we hypothesized that the differences in tocilizumab efficacy may stem from the different immune responses of critical COVID-19 patients. In this study, we described two groups of immunologically distinct COVID-19 patients, based on their IL-6 response.MethodsWe prospectively enrolled critical COVID-19 patients, requiring oxygen support with a high flow nasal cannula or a mechanical ventilator, and analyzed their serial samples. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the cytokine kinetics and cellular immune responses, respectively.ResultsA total of nine patients with critical COVID-19 were included. The high (n = 5) and low IL-6 (n = 4) groups were distinguished by their peak serum IL-6 levels, using 400 pg/mL as the cut-off value. Although the difference of flow cytometric data did not reach the level of statistical significance, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the frequencies of intermediate monocytes (CD14+CD16+), IFN-γ+ CD4+ or CD8+ T cells, and HLA-DR+PD-1+ CD4+ T cells were higher in the high IL-6 group than in the low IL-6 group.ConclusionThere were distinctive two groups of critical COVID-19 according to serum IL-6 levels having different degrees of cytokinemia and T-cell responses. Our results indicate that the use of immune modulators should be more tailored in patients with critical COVID-19.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1110874/fullimmune responsecytokineIL-6T cellcritical COVID-19 |
| spellingShingle | Chan Mi Lee Minji Kim Minji Kim Minji Kim Chang Kyung Kang Pyoeng Gyun Choe Nam Joong Kim Hyeeun Bang Taeeun Cho Hyun Mu Shin Hyun Mu Shin Hyun Mu Shin Hang-Rae Kim Hang-Rae Kim Hang-Rae Kim Hang-Rae Kim Hang-Rae Kim Wan Beom Park Myoung-don Oh Different degree of cytokinemia and T-cell activation according to serum IL-6 levels in critical COVID-19 Frontiers in Immunology immune response cytokine IL-6 T cell critical COVID-19 |
| title | Different degree of cytokinemia and T-cell activation according to serum IL-6 levels in critical COVID-19 |
| title_full | Different degree of cytokinemia and T-cell activation according to serum IL-6 levels in critical COVID-19 |
| title_fullStr | Different degree of cytokinemia and T-cell activation according to serum IL-6 levels in critical COVID-19 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Different degree of cytokinemia and T-cell activation according to serum IL-6 levels in critical COVID-19 |
| title_short | Different degree of cytokinemia and T-cell activation according to serum IL-6 levels in critical COVID-19 |
| title_sort | different degree of cytokinemia and t cell activation according to serum il 6 levels in critical covid 19 |
| topic | immune response cytokine IL-6 T cell critical COVID-19 |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1110874/full |
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