Warming-induced changes of broccoli head to cauliflower-like curd in Brassica oleracea are regulated by DNA methylation as revealed by methylome and transcriptome co-profiling
Abstract Increasingly warming temperature impacts on all aspects of growth and development in plants. Flower development is a complex process that is very sensitive to ambient temperature, and warming temperatures often lead to abnormal flower development and remarkably reduce the quality and yield...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Molecular Horticulture |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s43897-022-00047-8 |
| _version_ | 1797977270412902400 |
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| author | Zilei Yao Lu Yuan Ke Liu Tingjin Wang Bin Liu Yan Zhao Susheng Gan Liping Chen |
| author_facet | Zilei Yao Lu Yuan Ke Liu Tingjin Wang Bin Liu Yan Zhao Susheng Gan Liping Chen |
| author_sort | Zilei Yao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Increasingly warming temperature impacts on all aspects of growth and development in plants. Flower development is a complex process that is very sensitive to ambient temperature, and warming temperatures often lead to abnormal flower development and remarkably reduce the quality and yield of inflorescent vegetables and many other crops, which can be exemplified by Brassica oleracea cv. Green Harmony F1, a broccoli cultivar, whose floral development is ceased at inflorescence meristem (at 28 °C) or floral primordium stage (at 22 °C), forming a cauliflower-like curd (28 °C) or intermediate curd (22 °C) instead of normal broccoli head at 16 °C. However, the underlying molecular regulatory mechanisms are not well understood. Here we report that warming temperature (28 °C or 22 °C) induced hypermethylation of the genome, especially the promoter regions of such sets of genes as ribosome biogenesis-related and others, leading to the suppression of the apex-highly-expressed distinctive genes, subsequently resulting in the abnormal floral development, as revealed by methylome and transcriptome co-profiling. The regulation of warming-induced abnormal floral development in broccoli was further verified by the fact that the DNA methylation inhibitor 5-azacytidine (5-azaC) released the expression of genes from the warming temperature-induced suppression, and restored the broccoli development to normalcy at warming temperature. The research provided new approaches to breeding broccoli and other crops for growing in wider or warmer temperature zones. Graphical Abstract |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T05:04:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-72f1636caac34c3e892fe88fd8fdf12e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2730-9401 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T05:04:14Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecular Horticulture |
| spelling | doaj.art-72f1636caac34c3e892fe88fd8fdf12e2022-12-25T12:29:23ZengBMCMolecular Horticulture2730-94012022-12-012111510.1186/s43897-022-00047-8Warming-induced changes of broccoli head to cauliflower-like curd in Brassica oleracea are regulated by DNA methylation as revealed by methylome and transcriptome co-profilingZilei Yao0Lu Yuan1Ke Liu2Tingjin Wang3Bin Liu4Yan Zhao5Susheng Gan6Liping Chen7Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang UniversityDepartment of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang UniversityDepartment of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang UniversityDepartment of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang UniversityDepartment of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang UniversityPlant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell UniversityPlant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell UniversityDepartment of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang UniversityAbstract Increasingly warming temperature impacts on all aspects of growth and development in plants. Flower development is a complex process that is very sensitive to ambient temperature, and warming temperatures often lead to abnormal flower development and remarkably reduce the quality and yield of inflorescent vegetables and many other crops, which can be exemplified by Brassica oleracea cv. Green Harmony F1, a broccoli cultivar, whose floral development is ceased at inflorescence meristem (at 28 °C) or floral primordium stage (at 22 °C), forming a cauliflower-like curd (28 °C) or intermediate curd (22 °C) instead of normal broccoli head at 16 °C. However, the underlying molecular regulatory mechanisms are not well understood. Here we report that warming temperature (28 °C or 22 °C) induced hypermethylation of the genome, especially the promoter regions of such sets of genes as ribosome biogenesis-related and others, leading to the suppression of the apex-highly-expressed distinctive genes, subsequently resulting in the abnormal floral development, as revealed by methylome and transcriptome co-profiling. The regulation of warming-induced abnormal floral development in broccoli was further verified by the fact that the DNA methylation inhibitor 5-azacytidine (5-azaC) released the expression of genes from the warming temperature-induced suppression, and restored the broccoli development to normalcy at warming temperature. The research provided new approaches to breeding broccoli and other crops for growing in wider or warmer temperature zones. Graphical Abstracthttps://doi.org/10.1186/s43897-022-00047-8Brassica oleraceaDNA methylationFloral development cessationGlobal warmingHeat stress |
| spellingShingle | Zilei Yao Lu Yuan Ke Liu Tingjin Wang Bin Liu Yan Zhao Susheng Gan Liping Chen Warming-induced changes of broccoli head to cauliflower-like curd in Brassica oleracea are regulated by DNA methylation as revealed by methylome and transcriptome co-profiling Molecular Horticulture Brassica oleracea DNA methylation Floral development cessation Global warming Heat stress |
| title | Warming-induced changes of broccoli head to cauliflower-like curd in Brassica oleracea are regulated by DNA methylation as revealed by methylome and transcriptome co-profiling |
| title_full | Warming-induced changes of broccoli head to cauliflower-like curd in Brassica oleracea are regulated by DNA methylation as revealed by methylome and transcriptome co-profiling |
| title_fullStr | Warming-induced changes of broccoli head to cauliflower-like curd in Brassica oleracea are regulated by DNA methylation as revealed by methylome and transcriptome co-profiling |
| title_full_unstemmed | Warming-induced changes of broccoli head to cauliflower-like curd in Brassica oleracea are regulated by DNA methylation as revealed by methylome and transcriptome co-profiling |
| title_short | Warming-induced changes of broccoli head to cauliflower-like curd in Brassica oleracea are regulated by DNA methylation as revealed by methylome and transcriptome co-profiling |
| title_sort | warming induced changes of broccoli head to cauliflower like curd in brassica oleracea are regulated by dna methylation as revealed by methylome and transcriptome co profiling |
| topic | Brassica oleracea DNA methylation Floral development cessation Global warming Heat stress |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s43897-022-00047-8 |
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