Spatio-temporal genetic structure of the striped field mouse (Apodemus agrarius) populations inhabiting national parks in South Korea: Implications for conservation and management of protected areas
Population or habitat connectivity is a key component in maintaining species and community-level regional biodiversity as well as intraspecific genetic diversity. Ongoing human activities cause habitat destruction and fragmentation, which exacerbate the connectivity due to restricted animal movement...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2023.1038058/full |
| _version_ | 1797935546918502400 |
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| author | Yu Rim Kim Hye Ri Kim Ji Young Kim Hyeon Ho Myeong Ji Hyoun Kang Baek-Jun Kim Hyuk Je Lee |
| author_facet | Yu Rim Kim Hye Ri Kim Ji Young Kim Hyeon Ho Myeong Ji Hyoun Kang Baek-Jun Kim Hyuk Je Lee |
| author_sort | Yu Rim Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Population or habitat connectivity is a key component in maintaining species and community-level regional biodiversity as well as intraspecific genetic diversity. Ongoing human activities cause habitat destruction and fragmentation, which exacerbate the connectivity due to restricted animal movements across local habitats, eventually resulting in the loss of biodiversity. The Baekdudaegan Mountain Range (BMR) on the Korean Peninsula represents “biodiversity hotspots” and eight of the 22 Korean national parks are located within the BMR. Given the striped field mouse (Apodemus agrarius) is the most common and ecologically important small mammals in these protected areas, the population genetic assessment of this species will allow for identifying “genetic diversity hotspots” and also “genetic barriers” that may hinder gene flow, and will therefore inform on effective conservation and management efforts for the national park habitats. We collected samples from hair, tail, or buccal swabs for 252 A. agrarius individuals in 2015 and 2019. By using mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b (cyt b) sequences and nine microsatellite loci, we determined levels of genetic diversity, genetic differentiation, and gene flow among eight national park populations of A. agrarius along the BMR. We found high levels of genetic diversity but the occurrences of inbreeding for all the nine samples analyzed. Our results also indicated that there was detectable temporal genetic variation between the 2015 and 2019 populations in the Jirisan National Park, which is probably due to a short-term decline in genetic diversity caused by reduced population sizes. We also found a well-admixed shared gene pool among the national park populations. However, a significant positive correlation between geographic and genetic distances was detected only in mtDNA but not microsatellites, which might be attributed to different dispersal patterns between sexes. There was a genetic barrier to animal movements around the Woraksan National Park areas. The poor habitat connectivity surrounding these areas can be improved by establishing an ecological corridor. Our findings of the presence of genetic barriers in some protected areas provide insights into the conservation and management efforts to improve the population or habitat connectivity among the national parks. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T18:15:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-72f1872c5e044c7881a859731bcd83ba |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-701X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T18:15:58Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |
| spelling | doaj.art-72f1872c5e044c7881a859731bcd83ba2023-02-02T08:40:51ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution2296-701X2023-02-011110.3389/fevo.2023.10380581038058Spatio-temporal genetic structure of the striped field mouse (Apodemus agrarius) populations inhabiting national parks in South Korea: Implications for conservation and management of protected areasYu Rim Kim0Hye Ri Kim1Ji Young Kim2Hyeon Ho Myeong3Ji Hyoun Kang4Baek-Jun Kim5Hyuk Je Lee6Molecular Ecology and Evolution Laboratory, Department of Biological Science, Sangji University, Wonju, Republic of KoreaKorea National Park Research Institute, Korea National Park Service, Wonju, Republic of KoreaKorea National Park Research Institute, Korea National Park Service, Wonju, Republic of KoreaKorea National Park Research Institute, Korea National Park Service, Wonju, Republic of KoreaKorean Entomological Institute, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaNational Institute of Ecology, Seocheon, Republic of KoreaMolecular Ecology and Evolution Laboratory, Department of Biological Science, Sangji University, Wonju, Republic of KoreaPopulation or habitat connectivity is a key component in maintaining species and community-level regional biodiversity as well as intraspecific genetic diversity. Ongoing human activities cause habitat destruction and fragmentation, which exacerbate the connectivity due to restricted animal movements across local habitats, eventually resulting in the loss of biodiversity. The Baekdudaegan Mountain Range (BMR) on the Korean Peninsula represents “biodiversity hotspots” and eight of the 22 Korean national parks are located within the BMR. Given the striped field mouse (Apodemus agrarius) is the most common and ecologically important small mammals in these protected areas, the population genetic assessment of this species will allow for identifying “genetic diversity hotspots” and also “genetic barriers” that may hinder gene flow, and will therefore inform on effective conservation and management efforts for the national park habitats. We collected samples from hair, tail, or buccal swabs for 252 A. agrarius individuals in 2015 and 2019. By using mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b (cyt b) sequences and nine microsatellite loci, we determined levels of genetic diversity, genetic differentiation, and gene flow among eight national park populations of A. agrarius along the BMR. We found high levels of genetic diversity but the occurrences of inbreeding for all the nine samples analyzed. Our results also indicated that there was detectable temporal genetic variation between the 2015 and 2019 populations in the Jirisan National Park, which is probably due to a short-term decline in genetic diversity caused by reduced population sizes. We also found a well-admixed shared gene pool among the national park populations. However, a significant positive correlation between geographic and genetic distances was detected only in mtDNA but not microsatellites, which might be attributed to different dispersal patterns between sexes. There was a genetic barrier to animal movements around the Woraksan National Park areas. The poor habitat connectivity surrounding these areas can be improved by establishing an ecological corridor. Our findings of the presence of genetic barriers in some protected areas provide insights into the conservation and management efforts to improve the population or habitat connectivity among the national parks.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2023.1038058/fullbiodiversity hotspotconnectivityfemale philopatrygenetic diversityhabitat managementmale-biased gene flow |
| spellingShingle | Yu Rim Kim Hye Ri Kim Ji Young Kim Hyeon Ho Myeong Ji Hyoun Kang Baek-Jun Kim Hyuk Je Lee Spatio-temporal genetic structure of the striped field mouse (Apodemus agrarius) populations inhabiting national parks in South Korea: Implications for conservation and management of protected areas Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution biodiversity hotspot connectivity female philopatry genetic diversity habitat management male-biased gene flow |
| title | Spatio-temporal genetic structure of the striped field mouse (Apodemus agrarius) populations inhabiting national parks in South Korea: Implications for conservation and management of protected areas |
| title_full | Spatio-temporal genetic structure of the striped field mouse (Apodemus agrarius) populations inhabiting national parks in South Korea: Implications for conservation and management of protected areas |
| title_fullStr | Spatio-temporal genetic structure of the striped field mouse (Apodemus agrarius) populations inhabiting national parks in South Korea: Implications for conservation and management of protected areas |
| title_full_unstemmed | Spatio-temporal genetic structure of the striped field mouse (Apodemus agrarius) populations inhabiting national parks in South Korea: Implications for conservation and management of protected areas |
| title_short | Spatio-temporal genetic structure of the striped field mouse (Apodemus agrarius) populations inhabiting national parks in South Korea: Implications for conservation and management of protected areas |
| title_sort | spatio temporal genetic structure of the striped field mouse apodemus agrarius populations inhabiting national parks in south korea implications for conservation and management of protected areas |
| topic | biodiversity hotspot connectivity female philopatry genetic diversity habitat management male-biased gene flow |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2023.1038058/full |
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