Metabolomics and transcriptomics unravel the mechanism of browning resistance in Agaricus bisporus.
Agaricus bisporus is widely consumed on the world market. The easy browning of mushroom surface is one of the most intuitive factors affecting consumer purchase. A certain cognition on browning mechanism has been made after years of research. At present, people slow down the browning of mushrooms ma...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2022-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255765 |
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| author | Zhi-Xin Cai Mei-Yuan Chen Yuan-Ping Lu Zhong-Jie Guo Zhi-Heng Zeng Jian-Hua Liao Hui Zeng |
| author_facet | Zhi-Xin Cai Mei-Yuan Chen Yuan-Ping Lu Zhong-Jie Guo Zhi-Heng Zeng Jian-Hua Liao Hui Zeng |
| author_sort | Zhi-Xin Cai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Agaricus bisporus is widely consumed on the world market. The easy browning of mushroom surface is one of the most intuitive factors affecting consumer purchase. A certain cognition on browning mechanism has been made after years of research. At present, people slow down the browning of mushrooms mainly by improving preservation methods. In addition, breeding is also a reliable way. In the production practice, we have identified some browning-resistant varieties, and we selected a browning-resistant variety to compare with an ordinary variety to reveal the resistance mechanism. Using transcriptomics and metabolomics, the differences in gene expression and metabolite levels were revealed, respectively. The results showed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) like AbPPO4, AbPPO3 and AbPPO2 were differently expressed and these DEGs were involved in many pathways related to browning. The expression of AbPPO expression play an important role in the browning of A. bisporus and multiple PPO family members are involved in the regulation of browning. However, the resistance to browning cannot be judged only by the expression level of AbPPOs. For metabolomics, most of the different metabolites were organic acids. These organic acids had a higher level in anti-browning (BT) than easy-browning varieties (BS), although the profile was very heterogeneous. On the contrary, the content of trehalose in BS was significantly higher than that in BT. Higher organic acids decreased pH and further inhibited PPO activity. In addition, the BS had a higher content of trehalose, which might play roles in maintaining PPO activity. The difference of browning resistance between BS and BT is mainly due to the differential regulation mechanism of PPO. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T18:15:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7305996321d04701b8bca971675c5242 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T18:15:18Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-7305996321d04701b8bca971675c52422022-12-22T01:38:21ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032022-01-01173e025576510.1371/journal.pone.0255765Metabolomics and transcriptomics unravel the mechanism of browning resistance in Agaricus bisporus.Zhi-Xin CaiMei-Yuan ChenYuan-Ping LuZhong-Jie GuoZhi-Heng ZengJian-Hua LiaoHui ZengAgaricus bisporus is widely consumed on the world market. The easy browning of mushroom surface is one of the most intuitive factors affecting consumer purchase. A certain cognition on browning mechanism has been made after years of research. At present, people slow down the browning of mushrooms mainly by improving preservation methods. In addition, breeding is also a reliable way. In the production practice, we have identified some browning-resistant varieties, and we selected a browning-resistant variety to compare with an ordinary variety to reveal the resistance mechanism. Using transcriptomics and metabolomics, the differences in gene expression and metabolite levels were revealed, respectively. The results showed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) like AbPPO4, AbPPO3 and AbPPO2 were differently expressed and these DEGs were involved in many pathways related to browning. The expression of AbPPO expression play an important role in the browning of A. bisporus and multiple PPO family members are involved in the regulation of browning. However, the resistance to browning cannot be judged only by the expression level of AbPPOs. For metabolomics, most of the different metabolites were organic acids. These organic acids had a higher level in anti-browning (BT) than easy-browning varieties (BS), although the profile was very heterogeneous. On the contrary, the content of trehalose in BS was significantly higher than that in BT. Higher organic acids decreased pH and further inhibited PPO activity. In addition, the BS had a higher content of trehalose, which might play roles in maintaining PPO activity. The difference of browning resistance between BS and BT is mainly due to the differential regulation mechanism of PPO.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255765 |
| spellingShingle | Zhi-Xin Cai Mei-Yuan Chen Yuan-Ping Lu Zhong-Jie Guo Zhi-Heng Zeng Jian-Hua Liao Hui Zeng Metabolomics and transcriptomics unravel the mechanism of browning resistance in Agaricus bisporus. PLoS ONE |
| title | Metabolomics and transcriptomics unravel the mechanism of browning resistance in Agaricus bisporus. |
| title_full | Metabolomics and transcriptomics unravel the mechanism of browning resistance in Agaricus bisporus. |
| title_fullStr | Metabolomics and transcriptomics unravel the mechanism of browning resistance in Agaricus bisporus. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Metabolomics and transcriptomics unravel the mechanism of browning resistance in Agaricus bisporus. |
| title_short | Metabolomics and transcriptomics unravel the mechanism of browning resistance in Agaricus bisporus. |
| title_sort | metabolomics and transcriptomics unravel the mechanism of browning resistance in agaricus bisporus |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255765 |
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