Members of SIAMESE-RELATED Class Inhibitor Proteins of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Retard G2 Progression and Increase Cell Size in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>
Cell size requires strict and flexible control as it significantly impacts plant growth and development. Unveiling the molecular mechanism underlying cell size control would provide fundamental insights into plants’ nature as sessile organisms. Recently, a GRAS family transcription factor SCARECROW-...
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Life |
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| author | Kesuke J. Yamada Hirotomo Takatsuka Junya Hirota Keto Mineta Yuji Nomoto Masaki Ito |
| author_facet | Kesuke J. Yamada Hirotomo Takatsuka Junya Hirota Keto Mineta Yuji Nomoto Masaki Ito |
| author_sort | Kesuke J. Yamada |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cell size requires strict and flexible control as it significantly impacts plant growth and development. Unveiling the molecular mechanism underlying cell size control would provide fundamental insights into plants’ nature as sessile organisms. Recently, a GRAS family transcription factor SCARECROW-LIKE28 (SCL28) was identified as a determinant of cell size in plants; specifically, SCL28 directly induces a subset of <i>SIAMESE-RELATED</i> (<i>SMR</i>) family genes encoding plant-specific inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases (i.e., <i>SMR1</i>, <i>SMR2</i>, <i>SMR6</i>, <i>SMR8</i>, <i>SMR9</i>, SMR13, and <i>SMR14</i>), thereby slowing down G2 phase progression to provide the time to increase cell volume. Of the <i>SMR</i> genes regulated by SCL28, genetic analysis has demonstrated that SMR1, SMR2, and SMR13 cooperatively regulate the cell size downstream of SCL28 in roots and leaves, whereas other SMR members’ contribution remains unexplored. This study shows that in root meristematic cells, SMR9 redundantly participates in cell size control with SMR1, SMR2, and SMR13. Moreover, our cell cycle analysis provides the first experimental evidence that SMR proteins inhibit the G2 progression of proliferating cells. Overall, these findings illuminate the diverse yet overlapping roles of SMR proteins in cell cycle regulation while reinforcing that SMRs are essential downstream effectors of SCL28 to modulate G2 progression and cell size. |
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| issn | 2075-1729 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:23:27Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
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| series | Life |
| spelling | doaj.art-73077711748449aca5a5bfd642bcf99b2023-11-23T17:22:43ZengMDPI AGLife2075-17292022-08-01129135610.3390/life12091356Members of SIAMESE-RELATED Class Inhibitor Proteins of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Retard G2 Progression and Increase Cell Size in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>Kesuke J. Yamada0Hirotomo Takatsuka1Junya Hirota2Keto Mineta3Yuji Nomoto4Masaki Ito5School of Biological Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, JapanSchool of Biological Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, JapanSchool of Biological Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, JapanSchool of Biological Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, JapanSchool of Biological Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, JapanSchool of Biological Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, JapanCell size requires strict and flexible control as it significantly impacts plant growth and development. Unveiling the molecular mechanism underlying cell size control would provide fundamental insights into plants’ nature as sessile organisms. Recently, a GRAS family transcription factor SCARECROW-LIKE28 (SCL28) was identified as a determinant of cell size in plants; specifically, SCL28 directly induces a subset of <i>SIAMESE-RELATED</i> (<i>SMR</i>) family genes encoding plant-specific inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases (i.e., <i>SMR1</i>, <i>SMR2</i>, <i>SMR6</i>, <i>SMR8</i>, <i>SMR9</i>, SMR13, and <i>SMR14</i>), thereby slowing down G2 phase progression to provide the time to increase cell volume. Of the <i>SMR</i> genes regulated by SCL28, genetic analysis has demonstrated that SMR1, SMR2, and SMR13 cooperatively regulate the cell size downstream of SCL28 in roots and leaves, whereas other SMR members’ contribution remains unexplored. This study shows that in root meristematic cells, SMR9 redundantly participates in cell size control with SMR1, SMR2, and SMR13. Moreover, our cell cycle analysis provides the first experimental evidence that SMR proteins inhibit the G2 progression of proliferating cells. Overall, these findings illuminate the diverse yet overlapping roles of SMR proteins in cell cycle regulation while reinforcing that SMRs are essential downstream effectors of SCL28 to modulate G2 progression and cell size.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/12/9/1356cell size controlcell cycleCDK inhibitor<i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>transcriptional regulationtranscription factor |
| spellingShingle | Kesuke J. Yamada Hirotomo Takatsuka Junya Hirota Keto Mineta Yuji Nomoto Masaki Ito Members of SIAMESE-RELATED Class Inhibitor Proteins of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Retard G2 Progression and Increase Cell Size in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> Life cell size control cell cycle CDK inhibitor <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> transcriptional regulation transcription factor |
| title | Members of SIAMESE-RELATED Class Inhibitor Proteins of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Retard G2 Progression and Increase Cell Size in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> |
| title_full | Members of SIAMESE-RELATED Class Inhibitor Proteins of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Retard G2 Progression and Increase Cell Size in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> |
| title_fullStr | Members of SIAMESE-RELATED Class Inhibitor Proteins of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Retard G2 Progression and Increase Cell Size in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Members of SIAMESE-RELATED Class Inhibitor Proteins of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Retard G2 Progression and Increase Cell Size in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> |
| title_short | Members of SIAMESE-RELATED Class Inhibitor Proteins of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Retard G2 Progression and Increase Cell Size in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> |
| title_sort | members of siamese related class inhibitor proteins of cyclin dependent kinase retard g2 progression and increase cell size in i arabidopsis thaliana i |
| topic | cell size control cell cycle CDK inhibitor <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> transcriptional regulation transcription factor |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/12/9/1356 |
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