Time in Range in Children with Type 1 Diabetes before and during a Diabetes Camp—A Ceiling Effect?
Background: The aim of this study was to assess and compare the time in range (TIR) of children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) before and during a diabetes summer camp using different therapy modalities. Methods: A retrospective analysis of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data collected from 26 chil...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Children |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/9/12/1951 |
| _version_ | 1797460881558208512 |
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| author | Katrin Nagl Ina Bozic Gabriele Berger Martin Tauschmann Nicole Blauensteiner Katharina Weimann Julia K. Mader Birgit Rami-Merhar |
| author_facet | Katrin Nagl Ina Bozic Gabriele Berger Martin Tauschmann Nicole Blauensteiner Katharina Weimann Julia K. Mader Birgit Rami-Merhar |
| author_sort | Katrin Nagl |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: The aim of this study was to assess and compare the time in range (TIR) of children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) before and during a diabetes summer camp using different therapy modalities. Methods: A retrospective analysis of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data collected from 26 children with T1D (mean age: 11.0 ± 1.4 years; 62% female; 62% on insulin pump; Hb1Ac 7.3 ± 0.8% (56.3 ± 8.7 mmol/mol) before and during a 14-day summer camp. CGM methods: 50% intermittently scanned CGM (isCGM) and 50% real-time CGM (rtCGM). No child was using a hybrid closed loop system. Results: Mean TIR during camp was significantly higher than before camp ((67.0 ± 10.7%) vs. 58.2% ± 17.4%, <i>p</i> = 0.004). There was a significant reduction in time above range (TAR) (<i>p</i> = 0.001) and increase in time below range (TBR) (<i>p</i> < 0.001), Children using isCGM showed a more pronounced improvement in TIR during camp compared to rtCGM-users (<i>p</i> = 0.025). The increase in TIR strongly correlated with numbers of scans per day in isCGM-users (r = 0.751, <i>p</i> = 0.003). Compared to isCGM-users, rtCGM-users showed significantly less TBR. The TIR target was met by 30.8% of participants during camp. Conclusion: Glycemic control improved significantly during the camp. However, on average, the therapy goal (TIR > 70%) could not be achieved despite great professional effort. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:11:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7307a9e6543c4d0f9a59dab227751cd8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:11:29Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Children |
| spelling | doaj.art-7307a9e6543c4d0f9a59dab227751cd82023-11-24T14:02:32ZengMDPI AGChildren2227-90672022-12-01912195110.3390/children9121951Time in Range in Children with Type 1 Diabetes before and during a Diabetes Camp—A Ceiling Effect?Katrin Nagl0Ina Bozic1Gabriele Berger2Martin Tauschmann3Nicole Blauensteiner4Katharina Weimann5Julia K. Mader6Birgit Rami-Merhar7Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, AustriaDepartment of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, AustriaDepartment of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, AustriaDepartment of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, AustriaDepartment of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, AustriaDepartment of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, AustriaDivision of Endocrinology & Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, AustriaDepartment of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, AustriaBackground: The aim of this study was to assess and compare the time in range (TIR) of children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) before and during a diabetes summer camp using different therapy modalities. Methods: A retrospective analysis of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data collected from 26 children with T1D (mean age: 11.0 ± 1.4 years; 62% female; 62% on insulin pump; Hb1Ac 7.3 ± 0.8% (56.3 ± 8.7 mmol/mol) before and during a 14-day summer camp. CGM methods: 50% intermittently scanned CGM (isCGM) and 50% real-time CGM (rtCGM). No child was using a hybrid closed loop system. Results: Mean TIR during camp was significantly higher than before camp ((67.0 ± 10.7%) vs. 58.2% ± 17.4%, <i>p</i> = 0.004). There was a significant reduction in time above range (TAR) (<i>p</i> = 0.001) and increase in time below range (TBR) (<i>p</i> < 0.001), Children using isCGM showed a more pronounced improvement in TIR during camp compared to rtCGM-users (<i>p</i> = 0.025). The increase in TIR strongly correlated with numbers of scans per day in isCGM-users (r = 0.751, <i>p</i> = 0.003). Compared to isCGM-users, rtCGM-users showed significantly less TBR. The TIR target was met by 30.8% of participants during camp. Conclusion: Glycemic control improved significantly during the camp. However, on average, the therapy goal (TIR > 70%) could not be achieved despite great professional effort.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/9/12/1951type 1 diabetesCGMtime in rangetime below rangetime above rangediabetes camp |
| spellingShingle | Katrin Nagl Ina Bozic Gabriele Berger Martin Tauschmann Nicole Blauensteiner Katharina Weimann Julia K. Mader Birgit Rami-Merhar Time in Range in Children with Type 1 Diabetes before and during a Diabetes Camp—A Ceiling Effect? Children type 1 diabetes CGM time in range time below range time above range diabetes camp |
| title | Time in Range in Children with Type 1 Diabetes before and during a Diabetes Camp—A Ceiling Effect? |
| title_full | Time in Range in Children with Type 1 Diabetes before and during a Diabetes Camp—A Ceiling Effect? |
| title_fullStr | Time in Range in Children with Type 1 Diabetes before and during a Diabetes Camp—A Ceiling Effect? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Time in Range in Children with Type 1 Diabetes before and during a Diabetes Camp—A Ceiling Effect? |
| title_short | Time in Range in Children with Type 1 Diabetes before and during a Diabetes Camp—A Ceiling Effect? |
| title_sort | time in range in children with type 1 diabetes before and during a diabetes camp a ceiling effect |
| topic | type 1 diabetes CGM time in range time below range time above range diabetes camp |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/9/12/1951 |
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