6-qubit optimal Clifford circuits
Abstract Clifford group lies at the core of quantum computation—it underlies quantum error correction, its elements can be used to perform magic state distillation and they form randomized benchmarking protocols, Clifford group is used to study quantum entanglement, and more. The ability to utilize...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2022-07-01
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| Series: | npj Quantum Information |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-022-00583-7 |
| _version_ | 1811224076667060224 |
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| author | Sergey Bravyi Joseph A. Latone Dmitri Maslov |
| author_facet | Sergey Bravyi Joseph A. Latone Dmitri Maslov |
| author_sort | Sergey Bravyi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Clifford group lies at the core of quantum computation—it underlies quantum error correction, its elements can be used to perform magic state distillation and they form randomized benchmarking protocols, Clifford group is used to study quantum entanglement, and more. The ability to utilize Clifford group elements in practice relies heavily on the efficiency of their circuit-level implementation. Finding short circuits is a hard problem; despite Clifford group being finite, its size grows quickly with the number of qubits n, limiting known optimal implementations to n = 4 qubits. For n = 6, the number of Clifford group elements is about 2.1 × 1023. In this paper, we report a set of algorithms, along with their C++ implementation, that implicitly synthesize optimal circuits for all 6-qubit Clifford group elements by storing a subset of the latter in a database of size 2.1TB (1kB = 1024B). We demonstrate how to extract arbitrary optimal 6-qubit Clifford circuit in 0.0009358 and 0.0006274 s using consumer- and enterprise-grade computers (hardware) respectively, while relying on this database. We use this implementation to establish a new example of quantum advantage by Clifford circuits over CNOT gate circuits and find optimal Clifford 2-designs for up to 4 qubits. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T08:43:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-730a9b93eab445dd9282c75a00c82c16 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2056-6387 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T08:43:55Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | npj Quantum Information |
| spelling | doaj.art-730a9b93eab445dd9282c75a00c82c162022-12-22T03:39:46ZengNature Portfolionpj Quantum Information2056-63872022-07-018111210.1038/s41534-022-00583-76-qubit optimal Clifford circuitsSergey Bravyi0Joseph A. Latone1Dmitri Maslov2IBM Quantum, IBM T. J. Watson Research CenterIBM Quantum, Almaden Research CenterIBM Quantum, IBM T. J. Watson Research CenterAbstract Clifford group lies at the core of quantum computation—it underlies quantum error correction, its elements can be used to perform magic state distillation and they form randomized benchmarking protocols, Clifford group is used to study quantum entanglement, and more. The ability to utilize Clifford group elements in practice relies heavily on the efficiency of their circuit-level implementation. Finding short circuits is a hard problem; despite Clifford group being finite, its size grows quickly with the number of qubits n, limiting known optimal implementations to n = 4 qubits. For n = 6, the number of Clifford group elements is about 2.1 × 1023. In this paper, we report a set of algorithms, along with their C++ implementation, that implicitly synthesize optimal circuits for all 6-qubit Clifford group elements by storing a subset of the latter in a database of size 2.1TB (1kB = 1024B). We demonstrate how to extract arbitrary optimal 6-qubit Clifford circuit in 0.0009358 and 0.0006274 s using consumer- and enterprise-grade computers (hardware) respectively, while relying on this database. We use this implementation to establish a new example of quantum advantage by Clifford circuits over CNOT gate circuits and find optimal Clifford 2-designs for up to 4 qubits.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-022-00583-7 |
| spellingShingle | Sergey Bravyi Joseph A. Latone Dmitri Maslov 6-qubit optimal Clifford circuits npj Quantum Information |
| title | 6-qubit optimal Clifford circuits |
| title_full | 6-qubit optimal Clifford circuits |
| title_fullStr | 6-qubit optimal Clifford circuits |
| title_full_unstemmed | 6-qubit optimal Clifford circuits |
| title_short | 6-qubit optimal Clifford circuits |
| title_sort | 6 qubit optimal clifford circuits |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-022-00583-7 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sergeybravyi 6qubitoptimalcliffordcircuits AT josephalatone 6qubitoptimalcliffordcircuits AT dmitrimaslov 6qubitoptimalcliffordcircuits |