Cardiorespiratory health effects of gaseous ambient air pollution exposure in low and middle income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Abstract Background Lack of research on the effects of gaseous pollutants (nitrogen oxides [NOx], sulfur dioxide [SO2], carbon monoxide [CO] and ozone [O3]) in the ambient environment on health outcomes from within low and middle income countries (LMICs) is leading to reliance on results from studie...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2018-04-01
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| Series: | Environmental Health |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12940-018-0380-3 |
| _version_ | 1818538266565017600 |
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| author | Katherine Newell Christiana Kartsonaki Kin Bong Hubert Lam Om Kurmi |
| author_facet | Katherine Newell Christiana Kartsonaki Kin Bong Hubert Lam Om Kurmi |
| author_sort | Katherine Newell |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Lack of research on the effects of gaseous pollutants (nitrogen oxides [NOx], sulfur dioxide [SO2], carbon monoxide [CO] and ozone [O3]) in the ambient environment on health outcomes from within low and middle income countries (LMICs) is leading to reliance on results from studies performed within high income countries (HICs). This systematic review and meta-analysis examines the cardiorespiratory health effects of gaseous pollutants in LMICs exclusively. Methods Systematic searching was carried out and estimates pooled by pollutant, lag and outcome, and presented as excess relative risk per 10 μg/m3 (NOx, SO2, O3) or 1 ppm (CO) increase pollutant. Sub-group analysis was performed examining estimates by specific outcomes, city and co-pollutant adjustment. Results Sixty studies met the inclusion criteria, most (44) from the East Asia and Pacific region. A 10 μg/m3 increase in same day NOx was associated with 0.92% (95% CI: 0.44, 1.39), and 0.70% (0.01, 1.40) increases in cardiovascular and respiratory mortality respectively, same day NOx was not associated with morbidity. Same day sulfur dioxide was associated with 0.73% (0.04, 1.42) and 0.50% (0.01, 1.00) increases in respiratory morbidity and in cardiovascular mortality respectively. Conclusions Acute exposure to gaseous ambient air pollution (AAP) is associated with increases in morbidity and mortality in LMICs, with greatest associations observed for cardiorespiratory mortality. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T21:26:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7332f499064d41518a8e408502752a67 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1476-069X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T21:26:49Z |
| publishDate | 2018-04-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environmental Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-7332f499064d41518a8e408502752a672022-12-22T00:50:19ZengBMCEnvironmental Health1476-069X2018-04-0117111410.1186/s12940-018-0380-3Cardiorespiratory health effects of gaseous ambient air pollution exposure in low and middle income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysisKatherine Newell0Christiana Kartsonaki1Kin Bong Hubert Lam2Om Kurmi3Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of OxfordClinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of OxfordClinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of OxfordClinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of OxfordAbstract Background Lack of research on the effects of gaseous pollutants (nitrogen oxides [NOx], sulfur dioxide [SO2], carbon monoxide [CO] and ozone [O3]) in the ambient environment on health outcomes from within low and middle income countries (LMICs) is leading to reliance on results from studies performed within high income countries (HICs). This systematic review and meta-analysis examines the cardiorespiratory health effects of gaseous pollutants in LMICs exclusively. Methods Systematic searching was carried out and estimates pooled by pollutant, lag and outcome, and presented as excess relative risk per 10 μg/m3 (NOx, SO2, O3) or 1 ppm (CO) increase pollutant. Sub-group analysis was performed examining estimates by specific outcomes, city and co-pollutant adjustment. Results Sixty studies met the inclusion criteria, most (44) from the East Asia and Pacific region. A 10 μg/m3 increase in same day NOx was associated with 0.92% (95% CI: 0.44, 1.39), and 0.70% (0.01, 1.40) increases in cardiovascular and respiratory mortality respectively, same day NOx was not associated with morbidity. Same day sulfur dioxide was associated with 0.73% (0.04, 1.42) and 0.50% (0.01, 1.00) increases in respiratory morbidity and in cardiovascular mortality respectively. Conclusions Acute exposure to gaseous ambient air pollution (AAP) is associated with increases in morbidity and mortality in LMICs, with greatest associations observed for cardiorespiratory mortality.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12940-018-0380-3Air pollutionLMICsMeta-analysisSystematic reviewCardiovascularRespiratory |
| spellingShingle | Katherine Newell Christiana Kartsonaki Kin Bong Hubert Lam Om Kurmi Cardiorespiratory health effects of gaseous ambient air pollution exposure in low and middle income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis Environmental Health Air pollution LMICs Meta-analysis Systematic review Cardiovascular Respiratory |
| title | Cardiorespiratory health effects of gaseous ambient air pollution exposure in low and middle income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full | Cardiorespiratory health effects of gaseous ambient air pollution exposure in low and middle income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | Cardiorespiratory health effects of gaseous ambient air pollution exposure in low and middle income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cardiorespiratory health effects of gaseous ambient air pollution exposure in low and middle income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_short | Cardiorespiratory health effects of gaseous ambient air pollution exposure in low and middle income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_sort | cardiorespiratory health effects of gaseous ambient air pollution exposure in low and middle income countries a systematic review and meta analysis |
| topic | Air pollution LMICs Meta-analysis Systematic review Cardiovascular Respiratory |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12940-018-0380-3 |
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