Effect of Chitosan on the Number of <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> in Saliva: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review
We conducted a meta-analysis and systematic review to investigate the efficacy of chitosan-containing chewing gums, and to test their inhibitory effects on <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>. The systematic search was performed in three databases (Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and PubMed) and inclu...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/20/15270 |
| _version_ | 1797573628921905152 |
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| author | Virág Róna Bulcsú Bencze Kata Kelemen Dániel Végh Réka Tóth Tamás Kói Péter Hegyi Gábor Varga Noémi Katinka Rózsa Zoltán Géczi |
| author_facet | Virág Róna Bulcsú Bencze Kata Kelemen Dániel Végh Réka Tóth Tamás Kói Péter Hegyi Gábor Varga Noémi Katinka Rózsa Zoltán Géczi |
| author_sort | Virág Róna |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We conducted a meta-analysis and systematic review to investigate the efficacy of chitosan-containing chewing gums, and to test their inhibitory effects on <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>. The systematic search was performed in three databases (Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and PubMed) and included English-language randomized–controlled trials to compare the efficacy of chitosan in reducing the number of <i>S. mutans</i>. To assess the certainty of evidence, the GRADE tool was used. Mean differences were calculated with a 95% confidence interval for one outcome: bacterial counts in CFU/mL. The protocol of the study was registered on PROSPERO, registration number CRD42022365006. Articles were downloaded (<i>n</i> = 6758) from EMBASE (<i>n</i> = 2255), PubMed (<i>n</i> = 1516), and Cochrane (<i>n</i> = 2987). After the selection process, a total of four articles were included in the qualitative synthesis and three in the quantitative synthesis. Our results show that chitosan reduced the number of bacteria. The difference in mean quantity was −4.68 × 10<sup>5</sup>. The interval of the random-effects model was [−2.15 × 10<sup>6</sup>; 1.21 × 10<sup>6</sup>] and the prediction interval was [1.03 × 10<sup>7</sup>; 9.40 × 10<sup>6</sup>]. The I2 value was 98% (<i>p</i> = 0.35), which indicates a high degree of heterogeneity. Chitosan has some antibacterial effects when used as a component of chewing gum, but further studies are needed. It can be a promising antimicrobial agent for prevention. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:11:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-735367f924244b6788caaa057cfc24f7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:11:49Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-735367f924244b6788caaa057cfc24f72023-11-19T16:44:12ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-10-0124201527010.3390/ijms242015270Effect of Chitosan on the Number of <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> in Saliva: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic ReviewVirág Róna0Bulcsú Bencze1Kata Kelemen2Dániel Végh3Réka Tóth4Tamás Kói5Péter Hegyi6Gábor Varga7Noémi Katinka Rózsa8Zoltán Géczi9Department of Prosthodontics, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Prosthodontics, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Prosthodontics, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Prosthodontics, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, HungaryCentre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, HungaryCentre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, HungaryCentre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, HungaryCentre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, HungaryCentre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Prosthodontics, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, HungaryWe conducted a meta-analysis and systematic review to investigate the efficacy of chitosan-containing chewing gums, and to test their inhibitory effects on <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>. The systematic search was performed in three databases (Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and PubMed) and included English-language randomized–controlled trials to compare the efficacy of chitosan in reducing the number of <i>S. mutans</i>. To assess the certainty of evidence, the GRADE tool was used. Mean differences were calculated with a 95% confidence interval for one outcome: bacterial counts in CFU/mL. The protocol of the study was registered on PROSPERO, registration number CRD42022365006. Articles were downloaded (<i>n</i> = 6758) from EMBASE (<i>n</i> = 2255), PubMed (<i>n</i> = 1516), and Cochrane (<i>n</i> = 2987). After the selection process, a total of four articles were included in the qualitative synthesis and three in the quantitative synthesis. Our results show that chitosan reduced the number of bacteria. The difference in mean quantity was −4.68 × 10<sup>5</sup>. The interval of the random-effects model was [−2.15 × 10<sup>6</sup>; 1.21 × 10<sup>6</sup>] and the prediction interval was [1.03 × 10<sup>7</sup>; 9.40 × 10<sup>6</sup>]. The I2 value was 98% (<i>p</i> = 0.35), which indicates a high degree of heterogeneity. Chitosan has some antibacterial effects when used as a component of chewing gum, but further studies are needed. It can be a promising antimicrobial agent for prevention.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/20/15270chitosandental cariescariogenic bacteria<i>Streptococcus mutans</i> (<i>S. mutans</i>)chewing gum |
| spellingShingle | Virág Róna Bulcsú Bencze Kata Kelemen Dániel Végh Réka Tóth Tamás Kói Péter Hegyi Gábor Varga Noémi Katinka Rózsa Zoltán Géczi Effect of Chitosan on the Number of <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> in Saliva: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review International Journal of Molecular Sciences chitosan dental caries cariogenic bacteria <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> (<i>S. mutans</i>) chewing gum |
| title | Effect of Chitosan on the Number of <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> in Saliva: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review |
| title_full | Effect of Chitosan on the Number of <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> in Saliva: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Chitosan on the Number of <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> in Saliva: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Chitosan on the Number of <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> in Saliva: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review |
| title_short | Effect of Chitosan on the Number of <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> in Saliva: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review |
| title_sort | effect of chitosan on the number of i streptococcus mutans i in saliva a meta analysis and systematic review |
| topic | chitosan dental caries cariogenic bacteria <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> (<i>S. mutans</i>) chewing gum |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/20/15270 |
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