Investigating Period Variability Mechanisms in Eclipsing Binary Stars through Eclipsing Time Variation Analysis: A Case Study of TZ Bootis
We present an effective strategy for extensive analysis of eclipsing time variations (ETVs) using modern and sophisticated optimization methods that comprise a set of tools to investigate period variability mechanisms in eclipsing binary stars such as the light-time effect, the Applegate mechanism,...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2024-01-01
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| Series: | The Astrophysical Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad096a |
| _version_ | 1797352912135913472 |
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| author | Konstantinos Zervas Panagiota-Eleftheria Christopoulou Athanasios Papageorgiou |
| author_facet | Konstantinos Zervas Panagiota-Eleftheria Christopoulou Athanasios Papageorgiou |
| author_sort | Konstantinos Zervas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We present an effective strategy for extensive analysis of eclipsing time variations (ETVs) using modern and sophisticated optimization methods that comprise a set of tools to investigate period variability mechanisms in eclipsing binary stars such as the light-time effect, the Applegate mechanism, and mass transfer. We implement these methods for the first time assuming that the above mechanisms can act simultaneously in the puzzling W UMa–type binary star TZ Bootis by using archival and new TESS data spanning 75 yr and reexamining the up-to-date ETVs. Preliminary analysis of the TESS data revealed for the first time the presence of a second binary in agreement with previous spectroscopic data and astrometric results from Gaia DR3. We consider the most credible scenario for the ETV: two stellar circumbinary companions of minimum masses M _3 = 0.5 M _☉ and M _4 = 0.14 M _☉ in highly eccentric orbits e _3 = 0.70 and e _4 = 0.82 with periods P _3 = 38 yr and P _4 = 20 yr along with a 24 yr magnetic activity of the secondary component and a long-term period increase ( dP / dt = 1.2 × 10 ^−8 days yr ^−1 ), interpreted as a conservative mass transfer from the secondary to the primary component at a rate of dM _1 / dt = 3.7 × 10 ^−9 days yr ^−1 . Further spectroscopic observations, analytical modeling of the second pair, and ETV analysis of both pairs are needed to investigate the quadruple nature of the system. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T13:22:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-73667aa1bdce4d52a05d8bcd755e803d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1538-4357 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T13:22:39Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Astrophysical Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-73667aa1bdce4d52a05d8bcd755e803d2024-01-17T16:29:39ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572024-01-0196119710.3847/1538-4357/ad096aInvestigating Period Variability Mechanisms in Eclipsing Binary Stars through Eclipsing Time Variation Analysis: A Case Study of TZ BootisKonstantinos Zervas0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3670-7908Panagiota-Eleftheria Christopoulou1Athanasios Papageorgiou2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3039-9257Department of Physics, University of Patras , 26500, Patras, GreeceDepartment of Physics, University of Patras , 26500, Patras, GreeceDepartment of Physics, University of Patras , 26500, Patras, GreeceWe present an effective strategy for extensive analysis of eclipsing time variations (ETVs) using modern and sophisticated optimization methods that comprise a set of tools to investigate period variability mechanisms in eclipsing binary stars such as the light-time effect, the Applegate mechanism, and mass transfer. We implement these methods for the first time assuming that the above mechanisms can act simultaneously in the puzzling W UMa–type binary star TZ Bootis by using archival and new TESS data spanning 75 yr and reexamining the up-to-date ETVs. Preliminary analysis of the TESS data revealed for the first time the presence of a second binary in agreement with previous spectroscopic data and astrometric results from Gaia DR3. We consider the most credible scenario for the ETV: two stellar circumbinary companions of minimum masses M _3 = 0.5 M _☉ and M _4 = 0.14 M _☉ in highly eccentric orbits e _3 = 0.70 and e _4 = 0.82 with periods P _3 = 38 yr and P _4 = 20 yr along with a 24 yr magnetic activity of the secondary component and a long-term period increase ( dP / dt = 1.2 × 10 ^−8 days yr ^−1 ), interpreted as a conservative mass transfer from the secondary to the primary component at a rate of dM _1 / dt = 3.7 × 10 ^−9 days yr ^−1 . Further spectroscopic observations, analytical modeling of the second pair, and ETV analysis of both pairs are needed to investigate the quadruple nature of the system.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad096aEclipsing binary minima timing methodEclipsing binary starsW Ursae Majoris variable starsComputational methodsContact binary stars |
| spellingShingle | Konstantinos Zervas Panagiota-Eleftheria Christopoulou Athanasios Papageorgiou Investigating Period Variability Mechanisms in Eclipsing Binary Stars through Eclipsing Time Variation Analysis: A Case Study of TZ Bootis The Astrophysical Journal Eclipsing binary minima timing method Eclipsing binary stars W Ursae Majoris variable stars Computational methods Contact binary stars |
| title | Investigating Period Variability Mechanisms in Eclipsing Binary Stars through Eclipsing Time Variation Analysis: A Case Study of TZ Bootis |
| title_full | Investigating Period Variability Mechanisms in Eclipsing Binary Stars through Eclipsing Time Variation Analysis: A Case Study of TZ Bootis |
| title_fullStr | Investigating Period Variability Mechanisms in Eclipsing Binary Stars through Eclipsing Time Variation Analysis: A Case Study of TZ Bootis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigating Period Variability Mechanisms in Eclipsing Binary Stars through Eclipsing Time Variation Analysis: A Case Study of TZ Bootis |
| title_short | Investigating Period Variability Mechanisms in Eclipsing Binary Stars through Eclipsing Time Variation Analysis: A Case Study of TZ Bootis |
| title_sort | investigating period variability mechanisms in eclipsing binary stars through eclipsing time variation analysis a case study of tz bootis |
| topic | Eclipsing binary minima timing method Eclipsing binary stars W Ursae Majoris variable stars Computational methods Contact binary stars |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad096a |
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