Importance of Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in Patients with Interstitial Lung Disease Associated with Systemic Autoimmune Disease
Objectives: To describe the frequency of COVID-19 and the effect of vaccination in patients with interstitial lung disease and systemic autoimmune disease (ILD-SAD) and to identify factors associated with infection and severity of COVID-19. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional multicenter study o...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/9/2437 |
| _version_ | 1797504214570631168 |
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| author | Natalia Mena-Vázquez Aimara García-Studer Marta Rojas-Gimenez Carmen María Romero-Barco Sara Manrique-Arija Arkaitz Mucientes María Luisa Velloso-Feijoo Francisco Javier Godoy-Navarrete Pilar Morales-Garrido Rocío Redondo-Rodríguez MC Ordoñez-Cañizares Rafaela Ortega-Castro Jose Manuel Lisbona-Montañez Ana Hidalgo Conde Rocío Arnedo Díez de los Ríos Eva Cabrera César Francisco Espildora María Carmen Aguilar-Hurtado Isabel Añón-Oñate Inmaculada Ureña-Garnica Antonio Fernández-Nebro |
| author_facet | Natalia Mena-Vázquez Aimara García-Studer Marta Rojas-Gimenez Carmen María Romero-Barco Sara Manrique-Arija Arkaitz Mucientes María Luisa Velloso-Feijoo Francisco Javier Godoy-Navarrete Pilar Morales-Garrido Rocío Redondo-Rodríguez MC Ordoñez-Cañizares Rafaela Ortega-Castro Jose Manuel Lisbona-Montañez Ana Hidalgo Conde Rocío Arnedo Díez de los Ríos Eva Cabrera César Francisco Espildora María Carmen Aguilar-Hurtado Isabel Añón-Oñate Inmaculada Ureña-Garnica Antonio Fernández-Nebro |
| author_sort | Natalia Mena-Vázquez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objectives: To describe the frequency of COVID-19 and the effect of vaccination in patients with interstitial lung disease and systemic autoimmune disease (ILD-SAD) and to identify factors associated with infection and severity of COVID-19. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional multicenter study of patients with ILD-SAD followed between June and October 2021. The main variable was COVID-19 infection confirmed by a positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) result for SARS-CoV-2. The secondary variables included severity of COVID-19, if the patient had to be admitted to hospital or died of the disease, and vaccination status. Other variables included clinical and treatment characteristics, pulmonary function and high-resolution computed tomography. Two logistic regression was performed to explore factors associated with “COVID-19” and “severe COVID-19”. Results: We included 176 patients with ILD-SAD: 105 (59.7%) had rheumatoid arthritis, 49 (27.8%) systemic sclerosis, and 22 (12.54%) inflammatory myopathies. We recorded 22/179 (12.5%) SARS-CoV-2 infections, 7/22 (31.8%) of them were severe and 3/22 (13.22%) died. As to the vaccination, 163/176 (92.6%) patients received the complete doses. The factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection were FVC (OR (95% CI), 0.971 (0.946–0.989); <i>p</i> = 0.040), vaccination (OR (95% CI), 0.169 (0.030–0.570); <i>p</i> = 0.004), and rituximab (OR (95% CI), 3.490 (1.129–6.100); <i>p</i> = 0.029). The factors associated with severe COVID-19 were the protective effect of the vaccine (OR (95% CI), 0.024 (0.004–0.170); <i>p</i> < 0.001) and diabetes mellitus (OR (95% CI), 4.923 (1.508–19.097); <i>p</i> = 0.018). Conclusions: Around 13% of patients with ILD-SAD had SARS-CoV-2 infection, which was severe in approximately one-third. Most patients with severe infection were not fully vaccinated. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:01:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-738659dcb9a64545b99a164bd268a1d5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:01:29Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-738659dcb9a64545b99a164bd268a1d52023-11-23T08:32:21ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832022-04-01119243710.3390/jcm11092437Importance of Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in Patients with Interstitial Lung Disease Associated with Systemic Autoimmune DiseaseNatalia Mena-Vázquez0Aimara García-Studer1Marta Rojas-Gimenez2Carmen María Romero-Barco3Sara Manrique-Arija4Arkaitz Mucientes5María Luisa Velloso-Feijoo6Francisco Javier Godoy-Navarrete7Pilar Morales-Garrido8Rocío Redondo-Rodríguez9MC Ordoñez-Cañizares10Rafaela Ortega-Castro11Jose Manuel Lisbona-Montañez12Ana Hidalgo Conde13Rocío Arnedo Díez de los Ríos14Eva Cabrera César15Francisco Espildora16María Carmen Aguilar-Hurtado17Isabel Añón-Oñate18Inmaculada Ureña-Garnica19Antonio Fernández-Nebro20Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29010 Malaga, SpainInstituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29010 Malaga, SpainInstituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, SpainInstituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29010 Malaga, SpainInstituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29010 Malaga, SpainInstituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29010 Malaga, SpainUGC de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de Valme, 41014 Sevilla, SpainHospital Universitario de Jaén, 23007 Jaén, SpainHospital Universitario San Cecilio, 18200 Granada, SpainInstituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29010 Malaga, SpainInstituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29010 Malaga, SpainInstituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, SpainUGC de Reumatología, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29009 Malaga, SpainServicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Malaga, SpainServicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Malaga, SpainUGC Neumología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Malaga, SpainUGC de Neumología, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29009 Malaga, SpainUGC de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29009 Malaga, SpainHospital Universitario de Jaén, 23007 Jaén, SpainInstituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29010 Malaga, SpainInstituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29010 Malaga, SpainObjectives: To describe the frequency of COVID-19 and the effect of vaccination in patients with interstitial lung disease and systemic autoimmune disease (ILD-SAD) and to identify factors associated with infection and severity of COVID-19. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional multicenter study of patients with ILD-SAD followed between June and October 2021. The main variable was COVID-19 infection confirmed by a positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) result for SARS-CoV-2. The secondary variables included severity of COVID-19, if the patient had to be admitted to hospital or died of the disease, and vaccination status. Other variables included clinical and treatment characteristics, pulmonary function and high-resolution computed tomography. Two logistic regression was performed to explore factors associated with “COVID-19” and “severe COVID-19”. Results: We included 176 patients with ILD-SAD: 105 (59.7%) had rheumatoid arthritis, 49 (27.8%) systemic sclerosis, and 22 (12.54%) inflammatory myopathies. We recorded 22/179 (12.5%) SARS-CoV-2 infections, 7/22 (31.8%) of them were severe and 3/22 (13.22%) died. As to the vaccination, 163/176 (92.6%) patients received the complete doses. The factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection were FVC (OR (95% CI), 0.971 (0.946–0.989); <i>p</i> = 0.040), vaccination (OR (95% CI), 0.169 (0.030–0.570); <i>p</i> = 0.004), and rituximab (OR (95% CI), 3.490 (1.129–6.100); <i>p</i> = 0.029). The factors associated with severe COVID-19 were the protective effect of the vaccine (OR (95% CI), 0.024 (0.004–0.170); <i>p</i> < 0.001) and diabetes mellitus (OR (95% CI), 4.923 (1.508–19.097); <i>p</i> = 0.018). Conclusions: Around 13% of patients with ILD-SAD had SARS-CoV-2 infection, which was severe in approximately one-third. Most patients with severe infection were not fully vaccinated.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/9/2437interstitial lung disease (ILD)systemic autoimmune disease (SAD)SARS-CoV-2 infectionsvaccination COVID-19 |
| spellingShingle | Natalia Mena-Vázquez Aimara García-Studer Marta Rojas-Gimenez Carmen María Romero-Barco Sara Manrique-Arija Arkaitz Mucientes María Luisa Velloso-Feijoo Francisco Javier Godoy-Navarrete Pilar Morales-Garrido Rocío Redondo-Rodríguez MC Ordoñez-Cañizares Rafaela Ortega-Castro Jose Manuel Lisbona-Montañez Ana Hidalgo Conde Rocío Arnedo Díez de los Ríos Eva Cabrera César Francisco Espildora María Carmen Aguilar-Hurtado Isabel Añón-Oñate Inmaculada Ureña-Garnica Antonio Fernández-Nebro Importance of Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in Patients with Interstitial Lung Disease Associated with Systemic Autoimmune Disease Journal of Clinical Medicine interstitial lung disease (ILD) systemic autoimmune disease (SAD) SARS-CoV-2 infections vaccination COVID-19 |
| title | Importance of Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in Patients with Interstitial Lung Disease Associated with Systemic Autoimmune Disease |
| title_full | Importance of Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in Patients with Interstitial Lung Disease Associated with Systemic Autoimmune Disease |
| title_fullStr | Importance of Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in Patients with Interstitial Lung Disease Associated with Systemic Autoimmune Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Importance of Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in Patients with Interstitial Lung Disease Associated with Systemic Autoimmune Disease |
| title_short | Importance of Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in Patients with Interstitial Lung Disease Associated with Systemic Autoimmune Disease |
| title_sort | importance of vaccination against sars cov 2 in patients with interstitial lung disease associated with systemic autoimmune disease |
| topic | interstitial lung disease (ILD) systemic autoimmune disease (SAD) SARS-CoV-2 infections vaccination COVID-19 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/9/2437 |
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