HPLC and ToF‒SIMS Analyses of <i>Toxicodendron vernicifluum</i> Tree Sap Mixed with Other Natural Lacquers
Lacquer sap has been used by humans from antiquitywhen it was treated as a luxury item because of its desirable physical properties. In modern times, although access barriers are lower, lacquer is still considered to be rare and valuable. Thus, low quality, inexpensive Vietnamese and Myanmarese lacq...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/2/434 |
| _version_ | 1797410961682857984 |
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| author | Hye Hyun Yu Seung Wook Ham Yeonhee Lee |
| author_facet | Hye Hyun Yu Seung Wook Ham Yeonhee Lee |
| author_sort | Hye Hyun Yu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Lacquer sap has been used by humans from antiquitywhen it was treated as a luxury item because of its desirable physical properties. In modern times, although access barriers are lower, lacquer is still considered to be rare and valuable. Thus, low quality, inexpensive Vietnamese and Myanmarese lacquers and cashew nutshell liquid are frequently added to the costly <i>Toxicodendron vernicifluum</i> lacquer sap from Korea, China, and Japan. However, these blended lacquers can diminish the quality of artisan works. The <i>Toxicodendron vernicifluum</i> lacquer saps mixed with other natural lacquers were characterized using time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry (ToF−SIMS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). ToF-SIMS provided the chemical structure of the lacquer monomer, copolymerized dimers, trimers, etc. HPLC provided quantitative analysis of the components of a randomly mixed lacquer. These techniques can be used to control the quality of commercial lacquer sap for the Asian lacquer industry and the traditional conservation of ancient objects. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:38:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-738c96aaff8a4bf787b878e04f48f3da |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:38:07Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-738c96aaff8a4bf787b878e04f48f3da2023-12-03T13:25:31ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492021-01-0126243410.3390/molecules26020434HPLC and ToF‒SIMS Analyses of <i>Toxicodendron vernicifluum</i> Tree Sap Mixed with Other Natural LacquersHye Hyun Yu0Seung Wook Ham1Yeonhee Lee2Advanced Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, KoreaAdvanced Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, KoreaLacquer sap has been used by humans from antiquitywhen it was treated as a luxury item because of its desirable physical properties. In modern times, although access barriers are lower, lacquer is still considered to be rare and valuable. Thus, low quality, inexpensive Vietnamese and Myanmarese lacquers and cashew nutshell liquid are frequently added to the costly <i>Toxicodendron vernicifluum</i> lacquer sap from Korea, China, and Japan. However, these blended lacquers can diminish the quality of artisan works. The <i>Toxicodendron vernicifluum</i> lacquer saps mixed with other natural lacquers were characterized using time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry (ToF−SIMS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). ToF-SIMS provided the chemical structure of the lacquer monomer, copolymerized dimers, trimers, etc. HPLC provided quantitative analysis of the components of a randomly mixed lacquer. These techniques can be used to control the quality of commercial lacquer sap for the Asian lacquer industry and the traditional conservation of ancient objects.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/2/434urushiollaccolthitsiolHPLCToF-SIMS |
| spellingShingle | Hye Hyun Yu Seung Wook Ham Yeonhee Lee HPLC and ToF‒SIMS Analyses of <i>Toxicodendron vernicifluum</i> Tree Sap Mixed with Other Natural Lacquers Molecules urushiol laccol thitsiol HPLC ToF-SIMS |
| title | HPLC and ToF‒SIMS Analyses of <i>Toxicodendron vernicifluum</i> Tree Sap Mixed with Other Natural Lacquers |
| title_full | HPLC and ToF‒SIMS Analyses of <i>Toxicodendron vernicifluum</i> Tree Sap Mixed with Other Natural Lacquers |
| title_fullStr | HPLC and ToF‒SIMS Analyses of <i>Toxicodendron vernicifluum</i> Tree Sap Mixed with Other Natural Lacquers |
| title_full_unstemmed | HPLC and ToF‒SIMS Analyses of <i>Toxicodendron vernicifluum</i> Tree Sap Mixed with Other Natural Lacquers |
| title_short | HPLC and ToF‒SIMS Analyses of <i>Toxicodendron vernicifluum</i> Tree Sap Mixed with Other Natural Lacquers |
| title_sort | hplc and tof sims analyses of i toxicodendron vernicifluum i tree sap mixed with other natural lacquers |
| topic | urushiol laccol thitsiol HPLC ToF-SIMS |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/2/434 |
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