Emerging Role of Follicular T Helper Cells in Multiple Sclerosis and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder where both T cells and B cells are implicated in pathology. However, it remains unclear how these two distinct populations cooperate to drive disease. There is ample evidence from studies in both MS patients and mouse models that Th17, B cells, and f...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2018-10-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/19/10/3233 |
| _version_ | 1811257383562772480 |
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| author | James L. Quinn Robert C. Axtell |
| author_facet | James L. Quinn Robert C. Axtell |
| author_sort | James L. Quinn |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder where both T cells and B cells are implicated in pathology. However, it remains unclear how these two distinct populations cooperate to drive disease. There is ample evidence from studies in both MS patients and mouse models that Th17, B cells, and follicular T helper (TFH) cells contribute to disease. This review article describes the literature that identifies mechanisms by which Th17, TFH, and B cells cooperatively drive disease activity in MS and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). The curation of this literature has identified that central nervous system (CNS) infiltrating TFH cells act with TH17 cell to contribute to an inflammatory B cell response in neuroinflammation. This demonstrates that TFH cells and their products are promising targets for therapies in MS. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T17:55:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-73a75a994c954c56bcc93f492d7141e2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T17:55:37Z |
| publishDate | 2018-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-73a75a994c954c56bcc93f492d7141e22022-12-22T03:22:21ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1422-00672018-10-011910323310.3390/ijms19103233ijms19103233Emerging Role of Follicular T Helper Cells in Multiple Sclerosis and Experimental Autoimmune EncephalomyelitisJames L. Quinn0Robert C. Axtell1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USAArthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USAMultiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder where both T cells and B cells are implicated in pathology. However, it remains unclear how these two distinct populations cooperate to drive disease. There is ample evidence from studies in both MS patients and mouse models that Th17, B cells, and follicular T helper (TFH) cells contribute to disease. This review article describes the literature that identifies mechanisms by which Th17, TFH, and B cells cooperatively drive disease activity in MS and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). The curation of this literature has identified that central nervous system (CNS) infiltrating TFH cells act with TH17 cell to contribute to an inflammatory B cell response in neuroinflammation. This demonstrates that TFH cells and their products are promising targets for therapies in MS.http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/19/10/3233TFHB-cellsmultiple sclerosisEAETH17 |
| spellingShingle | James L. Quinn Robert C. Axtell Emerging Role of Follicular T Helper Cells in Multiple Sclerosis and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis International Journal of Molecular Sciences TFH B-cells multiple sclerosis EAE TH17 |
| title | Emerging Role of Follicular T Helper Cells in Multiple Sclerosis and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis |
| title_full | Emerging Role of Follicular T Helper Cells in Multiple Sclerosis and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis |
| title_fullStr | Emerging Role of Follicular T Helper Cells in Multiple Sclerosis and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Emerging Role of Follicular T Helper Cells in Multiple Sclerosis and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis |
| title_short | Emerging Role of Follicular T Helper Cells in Multiple Sclerosis and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis |
| title_sort | emerging role of follicular t helper cells in multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis |
| topic | TFH B-cells multiple sclerosis EAE TH17 |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/19/10/3233 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jameslquinn emergingroleoffollicularthelpercellsinmultiplesclerosisandexperimentalautoimmuneencephalomyelitis AT robertcaxtell emergingroleoffollicularthelpercellsinmultiplesclerosisandexperimentalautoimmuneencephalomyelitis |