Thirty-Fold Increase in Relative Sensitivity of Dy<sup>3+</sup> Luminescent Boltzmann Thermometers Using Multiparameter and Multilevel Cascade Temperature Readings
The sensitivity of luminescent Boltzmann thermometers is restricted by the energy difference between the thermally coupled excitement levels of trivalent lanthanides, and their values further decrease with increases in temperature, rendering their use at high temperatures difficult. Here, we demonst...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Crystals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/13/6/884 |
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| author | Željka Antić Aleksandar Ćirić Milica Sekulić Jovana Periša Bojana Milićević Abdullah N. Alodhayb Tahani A. Alrebdi Miroslav D. Dramićanin |
| author_facet | Željka Antić Aleksandar Ćirić Milica Sekulić Jovana Periša Bojana Milićević Abdullah N. Alodhayb Tahani A. Alrebdi Miroslav D. Dramićanin |
| author_sort | Željka Antić |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The sensitivity of luminescent Boltzmann thermometers is restricted by the energy difference between the thermally coupled excitement levels of trivalent lanthanides, and their values further decrease with increases in temperature, rendering their use at high temperatures difficult. Here, we demonstrate how to overcome this sensitivity limitation by employing multiparameter and multilevel cascade temperature readings. For this purpose, we synthesized Dy<sup>3+</sup>:Y<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>5</sub>, a phosphor whose emission is known to begin quenching at very high temperatures. Its photoluminescence-emission features, later used for thermometry, consisted of two blue emission bands centered around 486 nm and 458 nm, and two bands centered around 430 nm and 398 nm, which were only visible at elevated temperatures. Next, we performed thermometry using the standard luminescence-intensity ratio (LIR) method, which employs the <sup>4</sup>F<sub>9/2</sub> and <sup>4</sup>I<sub>15/2</sub> Dy<sup>3+</sup> levels’ emissions and the multilevel cascade method, which additionally uses the <sup>4</sup>G<sub>11/2</sub> level and overlapping intensities of <sup>4</sup>I<sub>13/2</sub>, <sup>4</sup>M<sub>21/2</sub>, <sup>4</sup>K<sub>17/2</sub>, and <sup>4</sup>F<sub>7/2</sub> levels to create two LIRs with a larger energy difference than the standard LIR. This approach yielded a sensitivity that was 3.14 times greater than the standard method. Finally, we simultaneously exploited all the LIRs in the multiparameter temperature readings and found a relative sensitivity that was 30 times greater than that of the standard approach. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:35:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-73abe3df02eb46269f960587bdb4affd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4352 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:35:50Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Crystals |
| spelling | doaj.art-73abe3df02eb46269f960587bdb4affd2023-11-18T09:56:07ZengMDPI AGCrystals2073-43522023-05-0113688410.3390/cryst13060884Thirty-Fold Increase in Relative Sensitivity of Dy<sup>3+</sup> Luminescent Boltzmann Thermometers Using Multiparameter and Multilevel Cascade Temperature ReadingsŽeljka Antić0Aleksandar Ćirić1Milica Sekulić2Jovana Periša3Bojana Milićević4Abdullah N. Alodhayb5Tahani A. Alrebdi6Miroslav D. Dramićanin7Centre of Excellence for Photoconversion, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11001 Belgrade, SerbiaCentre of Excellence for Photoconversion, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11001 Belgrade, SerbiaCentre of Excellence for Photoconversion, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11001 Belgrade, SerbiaCentre of Excellence for Photoconversion, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11001 Belgrade, SerbiaCentre of Excellence for Photoconversion, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11001 Belgrade, SerbiaDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi ArabiaCentre of Excellence for Photoconversion, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11001 Belgrade, SerbiaThe sensitivity of luminescent Boltzmann thermometers is restricted by the energy difference between the thermally coupled excitement levels of trivalent lanthanides, and their values further decrease with increases in temperature, rendering their use at high temperatures difficult. Here, we demonstrate how to overcome this sensitivity limitation by employing multiparameter and multilevel cascade temperature readings. For this purpose, we synthesized Dy<sup>3+</sup>:Y<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>5</sub>, a phosphor whose emission is known to begin quenching at very high temperatures. Its photoluminescence-emission features, later used for thermometry, consisted of two blue emission bands centered around 486 nm and 458 nm, and two bands centered around 430 nm and 398 nm, which were only visible at elevated temperatures. Next, we performed thermometry using the standard luminescence-intensity ratio (LIR) method, which employs the <sup>4</sup>F<sub>9/2</sub> and <sup>4</sup>I<sub>15/2</sub> Dy<sup>3+</sup> levels’ emissions and the multilevel cascade method, which additionally uses the <sup>4</sup>G<sub>11/2</sub> level and overlapping intensities of <sup>4</sup>I<sub>13/2</sub>, <sup>4</sup>M<sub>21/2</sub>, <sup>4</sup>K<sub>17/2</sub>, and <sup>4</sup>F<sub>7/2</sub> levels to create two LIRs with a larger energy difference than the standard LIR. This approach yielded a sensitivity that was 3.14 times greater than the standard method. Finally, we simultaneously exploited all the LIRs in the multiparameter temperature readings and found a relative sensitivity that was 30 times greater than that of the standard approach.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/13/6/884luminescence thermometryluminescent materialsyttrium silicateDy<sup>3+</sup> |
| spellingShingle | Željka Antić Aleksandar Ćirić Milica Sekulić Jovana Periša Bojana Milićević Abdullah N. Alodhayb Tahani A. Alrebdi Miroslav D. Dramićanin Thirty-Fold Increase in Relative Sensitivity of Dy<sup>3+</sup> Luminescent Boltzmann Thermometers Using Multiparameter and Multilevel Cascade Temperature Readings Crystals luminescence thermometry luminescent materials yttrium silicate Dy<sup>3+</sup> |
| title | Thirty-Fold Increase in Relative Sensitivity of Dy<sup>3+</sup> Luminescent Boltzmann Thermometers Using Multiparameter and Multilevel Cascade Temperature Readings |
| title_full | Thirty-Fold Increase in Relative Sensitivity of Dy<sup>3+</sup> Luminescent Boltzmann Thermometers Using Multiparameter and Multilevel Cascade Temperature Readings |
| title_fullStr | Thirty-Fold Increase in Relative Sensitivity of Dy<sup>3+</sup> Luminescent Boltzmann Thermometers Using Multiparameter and Multilevel Cascade Temperature Readings |
| title_full_unstemmed | Thirty-Fold Increase in Relative Sensitivity of Dy<sup>3+</sup> Luminescent Boltzmann Thermometers Using Multiparameter and Multilevel Cascade Temperature Readings |
| title_short | Thirty-Fold Increase in Relative Sensitivity of Dy<sup>3+</sup> Luminescent Boltzmann Thermometers Using Multiparameter and Multilevel Cascade Temperature Readings |
| title_sort | thirty fold increase in relative sensitivity of dy sup 3 sup luminescent boltzmann thermometers using multiparameter and multilevel cascade temperature readings |
| topic | luminescence thermometry luminescent materials yttrium silicate Dy<sup>3+</sup> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/13/6/884 |
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