Dietary Patterns Are Associated with the Gut Microbiome and Metabolic Syndrome in Mexican Postmenopausal Women
Postmenopausal women are at an increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MetS) due to hormonal changes and lifestyle factors. Gut microbiota (GM) have been linked to the development of MetS, and they are influenced by dietary habits. However, the interactions between dietary patterns (DP) and...
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/22/4704 |
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| author | Priscilla López-Montoya Berenice Rivera-Paredez Berenice Palacios-González Sofia Morán-Ramos Blanca E. López-Contreras Samuel Canizales-Quinteros Jorge Salmerón Rafael Velázquez-Cruz |
| author_facet | Priscilla López-Montoya Berenice Rivera-Paredez Berenice Palacios-González Sofia Morán-Ramos Blanca E. López-Contreras Samuel Canizales-Quinteros Jorge Salmerón Rafael Velázquez-Cruz |
| author_sort | Priscilla López-Montoya |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Postmenopausal women are at an increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MetS) due to hormonal changes and lifestyle factors. Gut microbiota (GM) have been linked to the development of MetS, and they are influenced by dietary habits. However, the interactions between dietary patterns (DP) and the GM of postmenopausal women, as well as their influence on MetS, still need to be understood. The present study evaluated the DP and microbiota composition of postmenopausal Mexican women with MetS and those in a control group. Diet was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire, and the GM were profiled using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Greater adherence to a “healthy” DP was significantly associated with lower values of MetS risk factors. GM diversity was diminished in women with MetS, and it was negatively influenced by an “unhealthy” DP. Moreover, a higher intake of fats and proteins, as well as lower amounts of carbohydrates, showed a reduction in some of the short-chain fatty acid-producing genera in women with MetS, as well as increases in some harmful bacteria. Furthermore, <i>Roseburia</i> abundance was positively associated with dietary fat and waist circumference, which may explain 7.5% of the relationship between this macronutrient and MetS risk factors. These findings suggest that GM and diet interactions are important in the development of MetS in postmenopausal Mexican women. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:33:21Z |
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| id | doaj.art-73c27660c85f4529a5fda895b7c5e0dd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:33:21Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-73c27660c85f4529a5fda895b7c5e0dd2023-11-24T14:59:01ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432023-11-011522470410.3390/nu15224704Dietary Patterns Are Associated with the Gut Microbiome and Metabolic Syndrome in Mexican Postmenopausal WomenPriscilla López-Montoya0Berenice Rivera-Paredez1Berenice Palacios-González2Sofia Morán-Ramos3Blanca E. López-Contreras4Samuel Canizales-Quinteros5Jorge Salmerón6Rafael Velázquez-Cruz7Laboratorio de Genómica del Metabolismo Óseo, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, MexicoCentro de Investigación en Políticas, Población y Salud de la Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, MexicoLaboratorio de Envejecimiento Saludable, Centro de Investigación Sobre Envejecimiento, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14330, MexicoDepartamento de Alimentos y Biotecnología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, MexicoUnidad de Genómica de Poblaciones Aplicada a la Salud, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)/Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, MexicoUnidad de Genómica de Poblaciones Aplicada a la Salud, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)/Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, MexicoCentro de Investigación en Políticas, Población y Salud de la Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, MexicoLaboratorio de Genómica del Metabolismo Óseo, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, MexicoPostmenopausal women are at an increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MetS) due to hormonal changes and lifestyle factors. Gut microbiota (GM) have been linked to the development of MetS, and they are influenced by dietary habits. However, the interactions between dietary patterns (DP) and the GM of postmenopausal women, as well as their influence on MetS, still need to be understood. The present study evaluated the DP and microbiota composition of postmenopausal Mexican women with MetS and those in a control group. Diet was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire, and the GM were profiled using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Greater adherence to a “healthy” DP was significantly associated with lower values of MetS risk factors. GM diversity was diminished in women with MetS, and it was negatively influenced by an “unhealthy” DP. Moreover, a higher intake of fats and proteins, as well as lower amounts of carbohydrates, showed a reduction in some of the short-chain fatty acid-producing genera in women with MetS, as well as increases in some harmful bacteria. Furthermore, <i>Roseburia</i> abundance was positively associated with dietary fat and waist circumference, which may explain 7.5% of the relationship between this macronutrient and MetS risk factors. These findings suggest that GM and diet interactions are important in the development of MetS in postmenopausal Mexican women.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/22/4704metabolic syndromepostmenopausal womengut microbiotadietary patternsmacronutrients |
| spellingShingle | Priscilla López-Montoya Berenice Rivera-Paredez Berenice Palacios-González Sofia Morán-Ramos Blanca E. López-Contreras Samuel Canizales-Quinteros Jorge Salmerón Rafael Velázquez-Cruz Dietary Patterns Are Associated with the Gut Microbiome and Metabolic Syndrome in Mexican Postmenopausal Women Nutrients metabolic syndrome postmenopausal women gut microbiota dietary patterns macronutrients |
| title | Dietary Patterns Are Associated with the Gut Microbiome and Metabolic Syndrome in Mexican Postmenopausal Women |
| title_full | Dietary Patterns Are Associated with the Gut Microbiome and Metabolic Syndrome in Mexican Postmenopausal Women |
| title_fullStr | Dietary Patterns Are Associated with the Gut Microbiome and Metabolic Syndrome in Mexican Postmenopausal Women |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dietary Patterns Are Associated with the Gut Microbiome and Metabolic Syndrome in Mexican Postmenopausal Women |
| title_short | Dietary Patterns Are Associated with the Gut Microbiome and Metabolic Syndrome in Mexican Postmenopausal Women |
| title_sort | dietary patterns are associated with the gut microbiome and metabolic syndrome in mexican postmenopausal women |
| topic | metabolic syndrome postmenopausal women gut microbiota dietary patterns macronutrients |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/22/4704 |
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