Spatial-temporal heterogeneity of hand, foot and mouth disease and impact of meteorological factors in arid/ semi-arid regions: a case study in Ningxia, China
Abstract Background The incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) varies over space and time and this variability is related to climate and social-economic factors. Majority of studies on HFMD were carried out in humid regions while few have focused on the disease in arid/semi-arid regions, m...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2019-11-01
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| Series: | BMC Public Health |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-019-7758-1 |
| _version_ | 1819052410932297728 |
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| author | Jie Li Xiangxue Zhang Li Wang Chengdong Xu Gexin Xiao Ran Wang Fang Zheng Fang Wang |
| author_facet | Jie Li Xiangxue Zhang Li Wang Chengdong Xu Gexin Xiao Ran Wang Fang Zheng Fang Wang |
| author_sort | Jie Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) varies over space and time and this variability is related to climate and social-economic factors. Majority of studies on HFMD were carried out in humid regions while few have focused on the disease in arid/semi-arid regions, more research in such climates would potentially make the mechanism of HFMD transmission clearer under different climate conditions. Methods In this paper, we explore spatial-temporal distribution of HFMD in Ningxia province, which has an arid/semi-arid climate in northwest China. We first employed a Bayesian space-time hierarchy model (BSTHM) to assess the spatial-temporal heterogeneity of the HFMD cases and its relationship with meteorological factors in Ningxia from 2009 to 2013, then used a novel spatial statistical software package GeoDetector to test the spatial-temporal heterogeneity of HFMD risk. Results The results showed that the spatial relative risks in northern part of Ningxia were higher than those in the south. The highest temporal risk of HFMD incidence was in fall season, with a secondary peak in spring. Meteorological factors, such as average temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed played significant roles in the spatial-temporal distribution of HFMD risk. Conclusions The study provide valuable information on HFMD distribution in arid/semi-arid areas in northwest China and facilitate understanding of the concentration of HFMD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T12:19:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-73d499ea63764843870b212028e5c607 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2458 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T12:19:24Z |
| publishDate | 2019-11-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Public Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-73d499ea63764843870b212028e5c6072022-12-21T19:04:21ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582019-11-0119111110.1186/s12889-019-7758-1Spatial-temporal heterogeneity of hand, foot and mouth disease and impact of meteorological factors in arid/ semi-arid regions: a case study in Ningxia, ChinaJie Li0Xiangxue Zhang1Li Wang2Chengdong Xu3Gexin Xiao4Ran Wang5Fang Zheng6Fang Wang7Department of Resources and Environment, Ningxia UniversityFaculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal UniversityCollege of Environment and Planning, Henan UniversityState Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of SciencesChina National Center for Food Safety Risk AssessmentDepartment of Resources and Environment, Ningxia UniversityDepartment of Resources and Environment, Ningxia UniversityDepartment of Resources and Environment, Ningxia UniversityAbstract Background The incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) varies over space and time and this variability is related to climate and social-economic factors. Majority of studies on HFMD were carried out in humid regions while few have focused on the disease in arid/semi-arid regions, more research in such climates would potentially make the mechanism of HFMD transmission clearer under different climate conditions. Methods In this paper, we explore spatial-temporal distribution of HFMD in Ningxia province, which has an arid/semi-arid climate in northwest China. We first employed a Bayesian space-time hierarchy model (BSTHM) to assess the spatial-temporal heterogeneity of the HFMD cases and its relationship with meteorological factors in Ningxia from 2009 to 2013, then used a novel spatial statistical software package GeoDetector to test the spatial-temporal heterogeneity of HFMD risk. Results The results showed that the spatial relative risks in northern part of Ningxia were higher than those in the south. The highest temporal risk of HFMD incidence was in fall season, with a secondary peak in spring. Meteorological factors, such as average temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed played significant roles in the spatial-temporal distribution of HFMD risk. Conclusions The study provide valuable information on HFMD distribution in arid/semi-arid areas in northwest China and facilitate understanding of the concentration of HFMD.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-019-7758-1HandFoot and mouth diseaseSpatial-temporal variationGeoDetector; Bayesian space-time hierarchical modelNingxia |
| spellingShingle | Jie Li Xiangxue Zhang Li Wang Chengdong Xu Gexin Xiao Ran Wang Fang Zheng Fang Wang Spatial-temporal heterogeneity of hand, foot and mouth disease and impact of meteorological factors in arid/ semi-arid regions: a case study in Ningxia, China BMC Public Health Hand Foot and mouth disease Spatial-temporal variation GeoDetector; Bayesian space-time hierarchical model Ningxia |
| title | Spatial-temporal heterogeneity of hand, foot and mouth disease and impact of meteorological factors in arid/ semi-arid regions: a case study in Ningxia, China |
| title_full | Spatial-temporal heterogeneity of hand, foot and mouth disease and impact of meteorological factors in arid/ semi-arid regions: a case study in Ningxia, China |
| title_fullStr | Spatial-temporal heterogeneity of hand, foot and mouth disease and impact of meteorological factors in arid/ semi-arid regions: a case study in Ningxia, China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Spatial-temporal heterogeneity of hand, foot and mouth disease and impact of meteorological factors in arid/ semi-arid regions: a case study in Ningxia, China |
| title_short | Spatial-temporal heterogeneity of hand, foot and mouth disease and impact of meteorological factors in arid/ semi-arid regions: a case study in Ningxia, China |
| title_sort | spatial temporal heterogeneity of hand foot and mouth disease and impact of meteorological factors in arid semi arid regions a case study in ningxia china |
| topic | Hand Foot and mouth disease Spatial-temporal variation GeoDetector; Bayesian space-time hierarchical model Ningxia |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-019-7758-1 |
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