Psychometric properties of the Sport Anxiety Scale-2 for Chinese adolescent athletes taking the National Sports College Entrance Examination
BackgroundThis study aims to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Sport Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2) in Chinese adolescent sports exam candidates.MethodsOne day before the National Sports College Entrance Examination, 965 Chinese athletes rated the Chinese-language SAS-2. Confirmatory factor analy...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pediatrics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2023.1161842/full |
| _version_ | 1827786355320553472 |
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| author | Shichen Li Shichen Li Shichen Li Changfa Tang Changfa Tang Changfa Tang Cheng Guo Cheng Guo Cheng Guo Te Bu Te Bu |
| author_facet | Shichen Li Shichen Li Shichen Li Changfa Tang Changfa Tang Changfa Tang Cheng Guo Cheng Guo Cheng Guo Te Bu Te Bu |
| author_sort | Shichen Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundThis study aims to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Sport Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2) in Chinese adolescent sports exam candidates.MethodsOne day before the National Sports College Entrance Examination, 965 Chinese athletes rated the Chinese-language SAS-2. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to test the three-factor structure. Factorial invariance was tested by comparing the configural invariance model to three more constrained models. Construct validity and reliability were determined.ResultsFit indices meet the critical values: CFI = 0.953, TLI = 0.943, RMSEA = 0.048 [90% CI, 0.041–0.054], and SRMR = 0.042. All path factor loadings exceed 0.5. The changes in CFI and RMSEA across the configural, metric, scalar, and uniqueness invariance are within the critical values, demonstrating strict measurement invariance across gender, years of training, and type of sports. The average variance extracted of the worry sub-scale is above the cutoff criteria, and McDonald's omega coefficients are over 0.70. Significant correlations exist between the SAS-2, SCAT, and CSAI-2. Factor correlations are all below 0.8. The measurement also distinguishes the known gender effect, with females showing a probability of 58.6% higher anxiety levels. The intraclass correlation coefficient ranges from 0.706 to 0.801.ConclusionThis study validated the Chinese-language SAS-2 in measuring competitive anxiety among Chinese adolescent athletes taking the National Sports College Entrance Examination. The development of the scale's applicability in China is discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T16:33:16Z |
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| id | doaj.art-73f0f6eb3dc5440d861b5fbede91f575 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T16:33:16Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Pediatrics |
| spelling | doaj.art-73f0f6eb3dc5440d861b5fbede91f5752023-10-23T21:13:10ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pediatrics2296-23602023-10-011110.3389/fped.2023.11618421161842Psychometric properties of the Sport Anxiety Scale-2 for Chinese adolescent athletes taking the National Sports College Entrance ExaminationShichen Li0Shichen Li1Shichen Li2Changfa Tang3Changfa Tang4Changfa Tang5Cheng Guo6Cheng Guo7Cheng Guo8Te Bu9Te Bu10College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, ChinaHunan Provincial Research Base for Public Service of Sports, College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, ChinaKey Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, ChinaCollege of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, ChinaHunan Provincial Research Base for Public Service of Sports, College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, ChinaKey Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, ChinaCollege of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, ChinaHunan Provincial Research Base for Public Service of Sports, College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, ChinaKey Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, ChinaCollege of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, ChinaHunan Provincial Research Base for Public Service of Sports, College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, ChinaBackgroundThis study aims to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Sport Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2) in Chinese adolescent sports exam candidates.MethodsOne day before the National Sports College Entrance Examination, 965 Chinese athletes rated the Chinese-language SAS-2. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to test the three-factor structure. Factorial invariance was tested by comparing the configural invariance model to three more constrained models. Construct validity and reliability were determined.ResultsFit indices meet the critical values: CFI = 0.953, TLI = 0.943, RMSEA = 0.048 [90% CI, 0.041–0.054], and SRMR = 0.042. All path factor loadings exceed 0.5. The changes in CFI and RMSEA across the configural, metric, scalar, and uniqueness invariance are within the critical values, demonstrating strict measurement invariance across gender, years of training, and type of sports. The average variance extracted of the worry sub-scale is above the cutoff criteria, and McDonald's omega coefficients are over 0.70. Significant correlations exist between the SAS-2, SCAT, and CSAI-2. Factor correlations are all below 0.8. The measurement also distinguishes the known gender effect, with females showing a probability of 58.6% higher anxiety levels. The intraclass correlation coefficient ranges from 0.706 to 0.801.ConclusionThis study validated the Chinese-language SAS-2 in measuring competitive anxiety among Chinese adolescent athletes taking the National Sports College Entrance Examination. The development of the scale's applicability in China is discussed.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2023.1161842/fulltrait anxietycompetition anxietyfactor structurefactorial invariancegaokao |
| spellingShingle | Shichen Li Shichen Li Shichen Li Changfa Tang Changfa Tang Changfa Tang Cheng Guo Cheng Guo Cheng Guo Te Bu Te Bu Psychometric properties of the Sport Anxiety Scale-2 for Chinese adolescent athletes taking the National Sports College Entrance Examination Frontiers in Pediatrics trait anxiety competition anxiety factor structure factorial invariance gaokao |
| title | Psychometric properties of the Sport Anxiety Scale-2 for Chinese adolescent athletes taking the National Sports College Entrance Examination |
| title_full | Psychometric properties of the Sport Anxiety Scale-2 for Chinese adolescent athletes taking the National Sports College Entrance Examination |
| title_fullStr | Psychometric properties of the Sport Anxiety Scale-2 for Chinese adolescent athletes taking the National Sports College Entrance Examination |
| title_full_unstemmed | Psychometric properties of the Sport Anxiety Scale-2 for Chinese adolescent athletes taking the National Sports College Entrance Examination |
| title_short | Psychometric properties of the Sport Anxiety Scale-2 for Chinese adolescent athletes taking the National Sports College Entrance Examination |
| title_sort | psychometric properties of the sport anxiety scale 2 for chinese adolescent athletes taking the national sports college entrance examination |
| topic | trait anxiety competition anxiety factor structure factorial invariance gaokao |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2023.1161842/full |
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