Study Protocol—Coping With the Pandemics: What Works Best to Reduce Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms
Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and lockdown might increase anxiety and depressive symptoms in most individuals. Health bodies recommend several coping behaviors to protect against such symptoms, but evidence on the relationship between these behaviors and symptoms mostl...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-07-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.642763/full |
| _version_ | 1818865066538172416 |
|---|---|
| author | Lydia Fortea Lydia Fortea Lydia Fortea Aleix Solanes Aleix Solanes Edith Pomarol-Clotet Edith Pomarol-Clotet Maria Angeles Garcia-Leon Adriana Fortea Adriana Fortea Carla Torrent Carla Torrent Carla Torrent Cristina Varo Cristina Varo Cristina Varo Cristina Varo C. Mar Bonnin C. Mar Bonnin C. Mar Bonnin C. Mar Bonnin Laura Montejo Laura Montejo Laura Montejo Laura Montejo Jordi Alonso Jordi Alonso Jordi Alonso Susana Carmona Susana Carmona Susana Carmona Pau Soldevila-Matías Irene Alustiza Irene Alustiza Daniel Arbós Diego Hidalgo-Mazzei Diego Hidalgo-Mazzei Diego Hidalgo-Mazzei Diego Hidalgo-Mazzei Iria Grande Iria Grande Iria Grande Iria Grande Eduard Vieta Eduard Vieta Eduard Vieta Eduard Vieta Miquel Àngel Fullana Miquel Àngel Fullana Miquel Àngel Fullana Joaquim Radua Joaquim Radua Joaquim Radua Joaquim Radua |
| author_facet | Lydia Fortea Lydia Fortea Lydia Fortea Aleix Solanes Aleix Solanes Edith Pomarol-Clotet Edith Pomarol-Clotet Maria Angeles Garcia-Leon Adriana Fortea Adriana Fortea Carla Torrent Carla Torrent Carla Torrent Cristina Varo Cristina Varo Cristina Varo Cristina Varo C. Mar Bonnin C. Mar Bonnin C. Mar Bonnin C. Mar Bonnin Laura Montejo Laura Montejo Laura Montejo Laura Montejo Jordi Alonso Jordi Alonso Jordi Alonso Susana Carmona Susana Carmona Susana Carmona Pau Soldevila-Matías Irene Alustiza Irene Alustiza Daniel Arbós Diego Hidalgo-Mazzei Diego Hidalgo-Mazzei Diego Hidalgo-Mazzei Diego Hidalgo-Mazzei Iria Grande Iria Grande Iria Grande Iria Grande Eduard Vieta Eduard Vieta Eduard Vieta Eduard Vieta Miquel Àngel Fullana Miquel Àngel Fullana Miquel Àngel Fullana Joaquim Radua Joaquim Radua Joaquim Radua Joaquim Radua |
| author_sort | Lydia Fortea |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and lockdown might increase anxiety and depressive symptoms in most individuals. Health bodies recommend several coping behaviors to protect against such symptoms, but evidence on the relationship between these behaviors and symptoms mostly comes from cross-sectional studies in convenience samples. We will conduct a prospective longitudinal study of the associations between coping behaviors and subsequent anxiety and depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic in a representative sample of the Spanish general adult population.Methods: We will recruit 1,000 adult participants from all autonomous communities of Spain and with sex, age, and urbanicity distributions similar to those of their populations and assess anxiety and depressive symptoms and coping behaviors using fortnightly questionnaires and real-time methods (ecological momentary assessments) for 1 year. The fortnightly questionnaires will inquire about anxiety and depressive symptoms [General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)] and the frequency of 10 potential coping behaviors (e.g., follow a routine) during the past 2 weeks. In addition, we will collect several variables that could confound or moderate these associations. These will include subjective well-being [International Positive and Negative Affect Schedule Short Form (I-PANAS-SF) and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS)], obsessive-compulsive symptoms [Obsessive Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R)], personality and emotional intelligence [International Personality Item Pool (IPIP) and Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire Short Form (TEIQue-SF)], sociodemographic factors (e.g., work status, housing-built environment), and COVID-19 pandemic-related variables (e.g., hospitalizations or limitations in social gatherings). Finally, to analyze the primary relationship between coping behaviors and subsequent anxiety and depressive symptoms, we will use autoregressive moving average (ARMA) models.Discussion: Based on the study results, we will develop evidence-based, clear, and specific recommendations on coping behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown. Such suggestions might eventually help health bodies or individuals to manage current or future pandemics. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T10:41:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-73f1b13f9443456d9a42047363163a57 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-0640 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T10:41:38Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj.art-73f1b13f9443456d9a42047363163a572022-12-21T20:25:25ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychiatry1664-06402021-07-011210.3389/fpsyt.2021.642763642763Study Protocol—Coping With the Pandemics: What Works Best to Reduce Anxiety and Depressive SymptomsLydia Fortea0Lydia Fortea1Lydia Fortea2Aleix Solanes3Aleix Solanes4Edith Pomarol-Clotet5Edith Pomarol-Clotet6Maria Angeles Garcia-Leon7Adriana Fortea8Adriana Fortea9Carla Torrent10Carla Torrent11Carla Torrent12Cristina Varo13Cristina Varo14Cristina Varo15Cristina Varo16C. Mar Bonnin17C. Mar Bonnin18C. Mar Bonnin19C. Mar Bonnin20Laura Montejo21Laura Montejo22Laura Montejo23Laura Montejo24Jordi Alonso25Jordi Alonso26Jordi Alonso27Susana Carmona28Susana Carmona29Susana Carmona30Pau Soldevila-Matías31Irene Alustiza32Irene Alustiza33Daniel Arbós34Diego Hidalgo-Mazzei35Diego Hidalgo-Mazzei36Diego Hidalgo-Mazzei37Diego Hidalgo-Mazzei38Iria Grande39Iria Grande40Iria Grande41Iria Grande42Eduard Vieta43Eduard Vieta44Eduard Vieta45Eduard Vieta46Miquel Àngel Fullana47Miquel Àngel Fullana48Miquel Àngel Fullana49Joaquim Radua50Joaquim Radua51Joaquim Radua52Joaquim Radua53Imaging of Mood- and Anxiety-Related Disorders (IMARD) Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainImaging of Mood- and Anxiety-Related Disorders (IMARD) Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, SpainFIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona, SpainFIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona, SpainMultimodal Neuroimaging in High Risk and Early Psychosis, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, SpainAdult Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainBipolar and Depressive Disorders, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainAdult Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainBipolar and Depressive Disorders, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainAdult Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainBipolar and Depressive Disorders, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainAdult Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainBipolar and Depressive Disorders, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain0Health Services Research Unit, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain1Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain2Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain3Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain4Departamento de Bioingeniería e Ingeniería Aeroespacial, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Getafe, Spain5Department of Basic Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain6Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain7Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Navarra, Spain8Communication Office, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainAdult Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainBipolar and Depressive Disorders, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainAdult Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainBipolar and Depressive Disorders, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainAdult Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainBipolar and Depressive Disorders, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, SpainImaging of Mood- and Anxiety-Related Disorders (IMARD) Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, SpainAdult Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainImaging of Mood- and Anxiety-Related Disorders (IMARD) Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain9Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-Detection (EPIC) Lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom0Centre for Psychiatric Research and Education, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SwedenBackground: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and lockdown might increase anxiety and depressive symptoms in most individuals. Health bodies recommend several coping behaviors to protect against such symptoms, but evidence on the relationship between these behaviors and symptoms mostly comes from cross-sectional studies in convenience samples. We will conduct a prospective longitudinal study of the associations between coping behaviors and subsequent anxiety and depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic in a representative sample of the Spanish general adult population.Methods: We will recruit 1,000 adult participants from all autonomous communities of Spain and with sex, age, and urbanicity distributions similar to those of their populations and assess anxiety and depressive symptoms and coping behaviors using fortnightly questionnaires and real-time methods (ecological momentary assessments) for 1 year. The fortnightly questionnaires will inquire about anxiety and depressive symptoms [General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)] and the frequency of 10 potential coping behaviors (e.g., follow a routine) during the past 2 weeks. In addition, we will collect several variables that could confound or moderate these associations. These will include subjective well-being [International Positive and Negative Affect Schedule Short Form (I-PANAS-SF) and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS)], obsessive-compulsive symptoms [Obsessive Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R)], personality and emotional intelligence [International Personality Item Pool (IPIP) and Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire Short Form (TEIQue-SF)], sociodemographic factors (e.g., work status, housing-built environment), and COVID-19 pandemic-related variables (e.g., hospitalizations or limitations in social gatherings). Finally, to analyze the primary relationship between coping behaviors and subsequent anxiety and depressive symptoms, we will use autoregressive moving average (ARMA) models.Discussion: Based on the study results, we will develop evidence-based, clear, and specific recommendations on coping behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown. Such suggestions might eventually help health bodies or individuals to manage current or future pandemics.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.642763/fullCOVID-19anxietydepressive symptomscoping behaviorslongitudinal study |
| spellingShingle | Lydia Fortea Lydia Fortea Lydia Fortea Aleix Solanes Aleix Solanes Edith Pomarol-Clotet Edith Pomarol-Clotet Maria Angeles Garcia-Leon Adriana Fortea Adriana Fortea Carla Torrent Carla Torrent Carla Torrent Cristina Varo Cristina Varo Cristina Varo Cristina Varo C. Mar Bonnin C. Mar Bonnin C. Mar Bonnin C. Mar Bonnin Laura Montejo Laura Montejo Laura Montejo Laura Montejo Jordi Alonso Jordi Alonso Jordi Alonso Susana Carmona Susana Carmona Susana Carmona Pau Soldevila-Matías Irene Alustiza Irene Alustiza Daniel Arbós Diego Hidalgo-Mazzei Diego Hidalgo-Mazzei Diego Hidalgo-Mazzei Diego Hidalgo-Mazzei Iria Grande Iria Grande Iria Grande Iria Grande Eduard Vieta Eduard Vieta Eduard Vieta Eduard Vieta Miquel Àngel Fullana Miquel Àngel Fullana Miquel Àngel Fullana Joaquim Radua Joaquim Radua Joaquim Radua Joaquim Radua Study Protocol—Coping With the Pandemics: What Works Best to Reduce Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms Frontiers in Psychiatry COVID-19 anxiety depressive symptoms coping behaviors longitudinal study |
| title | Study Protocol—Coping With the Pandemics: What Works Best to Reduce Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms |
| title_full | Study Protocol—Coping With the Pandemics: What Works Best to Reduce Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms |
| title_fullStr | Study Protocol—Coping With the Pandemics: What Works Best to Reduce Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms |
| title_full_unstemmed | Study Protocol—Coping With the Pandemics: What Works Best to Reduce Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms |
| title_short | Study Protocol—Coping With the Pandemics: What Works Best to Reduce Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms |
| title_sort | study protocol coping with the pandemics what works best to reduce anxiety and depressive symptoms |
| topic | COVID-19 anxiety depressive symptoms coping behaviors longitudinal study |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.642763/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lydiafortea studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT lydiafortea studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT lydiafortea studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT aleixsolanes studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT aleixsolanes studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT edithpomarolclotet studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT edithpomarolclotet studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT mariaangelesgarcialeon studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT adrianafortea studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT adrianafortea studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT carlatorrent studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT carlatorrent studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT carlatorrent studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT cristinavaro studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT cristinavaro studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT cristinavaro studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT cristinavaro studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT cmarbonnin studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT cmarbonnin studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT cmarbonnin studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT cmarbonnin studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT lauramontejo studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT lauramontejo studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT lauramontejo studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT lauramontejo studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT jordialonso studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT jordialonso studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT jordialonso studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT susanacarmona studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT susanacarmona studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT susanacarmona studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT pausoldevilamatias studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT irenealustiza studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT irenealustiza studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT danielarbos studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT diegohidalgomazzei studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT diegohidalgomazzei studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT diegohidalgomazzei studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT diegohidalgomazzei studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT iriagrande studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT iriagrande studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT iriagrande studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT iriagrande studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT eduardvieta studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT eduardvieta studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT eduardvieta studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT eduardvieta studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT miquelangelfullana studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT miquelangelfullana studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT miquelangelfullana studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT joaquimradua studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT joaquimradua studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT joaquimradua studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms AT joaquimradua studyprotocolcopingwiththepandemicswhatworksbesttoreduceanxietyanddepressivesymptoms |