High insulin resistance in saudi women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss: A case–control study
Background: Unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) accounts for >50% of the patients with RPL. Insulin resistance (IR) is a potential cause of unexplained RPL. Objectives: To evaluate the relationship between insulin resistance (IR) and unexplained RPL among Saudi women. Methods: This is a si...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Saudi Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sjmms.net/article.asp?issn=1658-631X;year=2023;volume=11;issue=4;spage=314;epage=318;aulast=Alghamdi |
| _version_ | 1797226160552148992 |
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| author | Ahlam A Alghamdi Amani S Alotaibi |
| author_facet | Ahlam A Alghamdi Amani S Alotaibi |
| author_sort | Ahlam A Alghamdi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) accounts for >50% of the patients with RPL. Insulin resistance (IR) is a potential cause of unexplained RPL.
Objectives: To evaluate the relationship between insulin resistance (IR) and unexplained RPL among Saudi women.
Methods: This is a single-center, case–control study conducted at a tertiary hospital in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. The study group comprised Saudi women with unexplained RPL, while the control group had Saudi women with at least one live birth and no RPL. Blood samples were taken to determine the fasting glucose (FG) and fasting insulin (FI) levels. Women with diabetes mellitus and polycystic ovarian syndrome were excluded. A homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) value ≥3 was considered as IR.
Results: The study and control groups comprised 43 and 56 women, respectively. Between the groups, there was a significant difference in the mean age (case: 37.9 ± 5.4 years; control: 32.2 ± 5.9 years; P ˂ 0.0001) and the mean BMI (case: 31.5 ± 6.0; control: 26.1 ± 2.8; P ˂ 0.0001). FG level was slightly higher in the control group (90.9 mg/dL vs 88.7 mg/dL; P = 0.068). FI level was significantly higher in the study group (16.33 μU/mL vs. 6.17 μU/mL; P ˂ 0.0001). HOMA-IR of ≥3 was significantly more common in the study group (n = 22; 51.2%) than the control group (4; 7.1%) (P < 0.0001). After adjusting for age and BMI, IR ≥3 was found to be independently associated with unexplained RPL (aOR: 13.2; 95% CI: 3.77–46.36).
Conclusions: This study showed that Saudi women with unexplained RPL had significantly higher levels of fasting insulin and insulin resistance than those without a history of RPL. Therefore, it is recommended to assess IR in women with RPL. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T14:20:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-73f43e34434c4f38ac39c992c8e64125 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1658-631X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T14:20:30Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Saudi Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-73f43e34434c4f38ac39c992c8e641252024-04-03T06:42:58ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsSaudi Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences1658-631X2023-01-0111431431810.4103/sjmms.sjmms_82_23High insulin resistance in saudi women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss: A case–control studyAhlam A AlghamdiAmani S AlotaibiBackground: Unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) accounts for >50% of the patients with RPL. Insulin resistance (IR) is a potential cause of unexplained RPL. Objectives: To evaluate the relationship between insulin resistance (IR) and unexplained RPL among Saudi women. Methods: This is a single-center, case–control study conducted at a tertiary hospital in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. The study group comprised Saudi women with unexplained RPL, while the control group had Saudi women with at least one live birth and no RPL. Blood samples were taken to determine the fasting glucose (FG) and fasting insulin (FI) levels. Women with diabetes mellitus and polycystic ovarian syndrome were excluded. A homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) value ≥3 was considered as IR. Results: The study and control groups comprised 43 and 56 women, respectively. Between the groups, there was a significant difference in the mean age (case: 37.9 ± 5.4 years; control: 32.2 ± 5.9 years; P ˂ 0.0001) and the mean BMI (case: 31.5 ± 6.0; control: 26.1 ± 2.8; P ˂ 0.0001). FG level was slightly higher in the control group (90.9 mg/dL vs 88.7 mg/dL; P = 0.068). FI level was significantly higher in the study group (16.33 μU/mL vs. 6.17 μU/mL; P ˂ 0.0001). HOMA-IR of ≥3 was significantly more common in the study group (n = 22; 51.2%) than the control group (4; 7.1%) (P < 0.0001). After adjusting for age and BMI, IR ≥3 was found to be independently associated with unexplained RPL (aOR: 13.2; 95% CI: 3.77–46.36). Conclusions: This study showed that Saudi women with unexplained RPL had significantly higher levels of fasting insulin and insulin resistance than those without a history of RPL. Therefore, it is recommended to assess IR in women with RPL.http://www.sjmms.net/article.asp?issn=1658-631X;year=2023;volume=11;issue=4;spage=314;epage=318;aulast=Alghamdifasting glucosefasting insulinhomeostatic model assessment of insulin resistanceinsulin resistancepolycystic ovarian syndromerecurrent pregnancy lossunexplained |
| spellingShingle | Ahlam A Alghamdi Amani S Alotaibi High insulin resistance in saudi women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss: A case–control study Saudi Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences fasting glucose fasting insulin homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance insulin resistance polycystic ovarian syndrome recurrent pregnancy loss unexplained |
| title | High insulin resistance in saudi women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss: A case–control study |
| title_full | High insulin resistance in saudi women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss: A case–control study |
| title_fullStr | High insulin resistance in saudi women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss: A case–control study |
| title_full_unstemmed | High insulin resistance in saudi women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss: A case–control study |
| title_short | High insulin resistance in saudi women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss: A case–control study |
| title_sort | high insulin resistance in saudi women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss a case control study |
| topic | fasting glucose fasting insulin homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance insulin resistance polycystic ovarian syndrome recurrent pregnancy loss unexplained |
| url | http://www.sjmms.net/article.asp?issn=1658-631X;year=2023;volume=11;issue=4;spage=314;epage=318;aulast=Alghamdi |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ahlamaalghamdi highinsulinresistanceinsaudiwomenwithunexplainedrecurrentpregnancylossacasecontrolstudy AT amanisalotaibi highinsulinresistanceinsaudiwomenwithunexplainedrecurrentpregnancylossacasecontrolstudy |