Sex differences in the association between socioeconomic status and untreated hypertension among residents with hypertension in rural Khánh Hòa, Vietnam: a post-hoc analysis
Abstract Background Several studies have examined the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and the proportion of untreated hypertension, but have produced conflicting findings. In addition, no study has been conducted to determine sex differences in the association between SES and untreate...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2024-01-01
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| Series: | BMC Cardiovascular Disorders |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-024-03706-4 |
| _version_ | 1827377523166543872 |
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| author | Yuta Yokobori Ami Fukunaga Sumiyo Okawa Masahiko Hachiya Chau Que Nguyen Thuy Phuong Thi Pham Dong Van Hoang Danh Cong Phan Dong Van Huynh Huy Xuan Le Hung Thai Do Tetsuya Mizoue Yosuke Inoue |
| author_facet | Yuta Yokobori Ami Fukunaga Sumiyo Okawa Masahiko Hachiya Chau Que Nguyen Thuy Phuong Thi Pham Dong Van Hoang Danh Cong Phan Dong Van Huynh Huy Xuan Le Hung Thai Do Tetsuya Mizoue Yosuke Inoue |
| author_sort | Yuta Yokobori |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Several studies have examined the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and the proportion of untreated hypertension, but have produced conflicting findings. In addition, no study has been conducted to determine sex differences in the association between SES and untreated hypertension. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine whether the associations between SES and the proportion of untreated hypertension differed by sex in Vietnam. Methods This study was conducted using the data of 1189 individuals (558 males and 631 females) who were judged to have hypertension during the baseline survey of a prospective cohort study of 3000 residents aged 40–60 years in the Khánh Hòa Province. A multilevel Poisson regression model with a robust variance estimator was used to examine whether sex and SES indicators (household income and educational attainment) interacted in relation to untreated hypertension. Results The proportion of untreated hypertension among individuals identified as hypertensive was 69.1%. We found significant interaction between sex and SES indicators in relation to untreated hypertension (education: p < 0.001; household income: p < 0.001). Specifically, the association between SES and untreated hypertension was inverse among males while it was rather positive among females. Conclusions Our finding suggests that the role of SES in the proportion of untreated hypertension might differ by sex. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T12:40:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-74058e109401468ab7621e4ecd87990a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2261 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T12:40:25Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Cardiovascular Disorders |
| spelling | doaj.art-74058e109401468ab7621e4ecd87990a2024-01-21T12:09:46ZengBMCBMC Cardiovascular Disorders1471-22612024-01-012411910.1186/s12872-024-03706-4Sex differences in the association between socioeconomic status and untreated hypertension among residents with hypertension in rural Khánh Hòa, Vietnam: a post-hoc analysisYuta Yokobori0Ami Fukunaga1Sumiyo Okawa2Masahiko Hachiya3Chau Que Nguyen4Thuy Phuong Thi Pham5Dong Van Hoang6Danh Cong Phan7Dong Van Huynh8Huy Xuan Le9Hung Thai Do10Tetsuya Mizoue11Yosuke Inoue12Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and MedicineDepartment of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and MedicineBureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and MedicineBureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and MedicineDepartment of Non-communicable Disease Control and Nutrition, Pasteur Institute in Nha TrangDepartment of Non-communicable Disease Control and Nutrition, Pasteur Institute in Nha TrangDepartment of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and MedicineDepartment of Non-communicable Disease Control and Nutrition, Pasteur Institute in Nha TrangKhánh Hòa Center for Disease ControlPasteur Institute in Nha TrangPasteur Institute in Nha TrangDepartment of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and MedicineDepartment of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and MedicineAbstract Background Several studies have examined the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and the proportion of untreated hypertension, but have produced conflicting findings. In addition, no study has been conducted to determine sex differences in the association between SES and untreated hypertension. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine whether the associations between SES and the proportion of untreated hypertension differed by sex in Vietnam. Methods This study was conducted using the data of 1189 individuals (558 males and 631 females) who were judged to have hypertension during the baseline survey of a prospective cohort study of 3000 residents aged 40–60 years in the Khánh Hòa Province. A multilevel Poisson regression model with a robust variance estimator was used to examine whether sex and SES indicators (household income and educational attainment) interacted in relation to untreated hypertension. Results The proportion of untreated hypertension among individuals identified as hypertensive was 69.1%. We found significant interaction between sex and SES indicators in relation to untreated hypertension (education: p < 0.001; household income: p < 0.001). Specifically, the association between SES and untreated hypertension was inverse among males while it was rather positive among females. Conclusions Our finding suggests that the role of SES in the proportion of untreated hypertension might differ by sex.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-024-03706-4Untreated hypertensionSocioeconomic statusIncomeEducationVietnam |
| spellingShingle | Yuta Yokobori Ami Fukunaga Sumiyo Okawa Masahiko Hachiya Chau Que Nguyen Thuy Phuong Thi Pham Dong Van Hoang Danh Cong Phan Dong Van Huynh Huy Xuan Le Hung Thai Do Tetsuya Mizoue Yosuke Inoue Sex differences in the association between socioeconomic status and untreated hypertension among residents with hypertension in rural Khánh Hòa, Vietnam: a post-hoc analysis BMC Cardiovascular Disorders Untreated hypertension Socioeconomic status Income Education Vietnam |
| title | Sex differences in the association between socioeconomic status and untreated hypertension among residents with hypertension in rural Khánh Hòa, Vietnam: a post-hoc analysis |
| title_full | Sex differences in the association between socioeconomic status and untreated hypertension among residents with hypertension in rural Khánh Hòa, Vietnam: a post-hoc analysis |
| title_fullStr | Sex differences in the association between socioeconomic status and untreated hypertension among residents with hypertension in rural Khánh Hòa, Vietnam: a post-hoc analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sex differences in the association between socioeconomic status and untreated hypertension among residents with hypertension in rural Khánh Hòa, Vietnam: a post-hoc analysis |
| title_short | Sex differences in the association between socioeconomic status and untreated hypertension among residents with hypertension in rural Khánh Hòa, Vietnam: a post-hoc analysis |
| title_sort | sex differences in the association between socioeconomic status and untreated hypertension among residents with hypertension in rural khanh hoa vietnam a post hoc analysis |
| topic | Untreated hypertension Socioeconomic status Income Education Vietnam |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-024-03706-4 |
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