Objective assessment of motor activity in a clinical sample of adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and/or cyclothymic temperament
Abstract Background Most research on patterns of motor activity has been conducted on adults with mood disorders, but few studies have investigated comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or temperamental factors that may influence the clinical course and symptoms. Cyclothymic tempe...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2022-09-01
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| Series: | BMC Psychiatry |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-022-04242-1 |
| _version_ | 1818022046763843584 |
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| author | Vigdis Elin Giaever Syrstad Kristin Mjeldheim Wenche Førland Petter Jakobsen Rolf Gjestad Jan Øystein Berle Kathleen Ries Merikangas Ketil Joachim Oedegaard Ole Bernt Fasmer |
| author_facet | Vigdis Elin Giaever Syrstad Kristin Mjeldheim Wenche Førland Petter Jakobsen Rolf Gjestad Jan Øystein Berle Kathleen Ries Merikangas Ketil Joachim Oedegaard Ole Bernt Fasmer |
| author_sort | Vigdis Elin Giaever Syrstad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Most research on patterns of motor activity has been conducted on adults with mood disorders, but few studies have investigated comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or temperamental factors that may influence the clinical course and symptoms. Cyclothymic temperament (CT) is particularly associated with functional impairment. Clinical features define both disorders, but objective, biological markers for these disorders could give important insights with regard to pathophysiology and classification. Methods Seventy-six patients, requiring diagnostic evaluation of ADHD, mood or anxiety disorders were recruited. A comprehensive diagnostic evaluation, including the CT scale of the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego – Auto-questionnaire (TEMPS-A), neuropsychological tests and actigraphy, was performed. ADHD was diagnosed according to the DSM-IV criteria. There was a range of different conditions in this clinical sample, but here we report on the presence of CT and ADHD in relation to motor activity. Twenty-nine healthy controls were recruited. We analyzed motor activity time series using linear and nonlinear mathematical methods, with a special focus on active and inactive periods in the actigraphic recordings. Results Forty patients fulfilled the criteria for ADHD, with the remainder receiving other psychiatric diagnoses (clinical controls). Forty-two patients fulfilled the criteria for CT. Twenty-two patients fulfilled the criteria for ADHD and CT, 18 patients met the criteria for ADHD without CT, and 15 patients had neither. The ratio duration of active/inactive periods was significantly lower in patients with CT than in patients without CT, in both the total sample, and in the ADHD subsample. Conclusions CT is associated with objectively assessed changes in motor activity, implying that the systems regulating motor behavior in these patients are different from both healthy controls and clinical controls without CT. Findings suggest that actigraphy may supplement clinical assessments of CT and ADHD, and may provide an objective marker for CT. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T08:26:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7408d011cc874da482acea08f18138ca |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-244X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T08:26:11Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj.art-7408d011cc874da482acea08f18138ca2022-12-22T02:04:03ZengBMCBMC Psychiatry1471-244X2022-09-0122111210.1186/s12888-022-04242-1Objective assessment of motor activity in a clinical sample of adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and/or cyclothymic temperamentVigdis Elin Giaever Syrstad0Kristin MjeldheimWenche FørlandPetter Jakobsen1Rolf Gjestad2Jan Øystein Berle3Kathleen Ries Merikangas4Ketil Joachim Oedegaard5Ole Bernt Fasmer6Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University HospitalDivision of Psychiatry, Haukeland University HospitalDivision of Psychiatry, Haukeland University HospitalDivision of Psychiatry, Haukeland University HospitalGenetic Epidemiology Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental HealthDivision of Psychiatry, Haukeland University HospitalDivision of Psychiatry, Haukeland University HospitalAbstract Background Most research on patterns of motor activity has been conducted on adults with mood disorders, but few studies have investigated comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or temperamental factors that may influence the clinical course and symptoms. Cyclothymic temperament (CT) is particularly associated with functional impairment. Clinical features define both disorders, but objective, biological markers for these disorders could give important insights with regard to pathophysiology and classification. Methods Seventy-six patients, requiring diagnostic evaluation of ADHD, mood or anxiety disorders were recruited. A comprehensive diagnostic evaluation, including the CT scale of the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego – Auto-questionnaire (TEMPS-A), neuropsychological tests and actigraphy, was performed. ADHD was diagnosed according to the DSM-IV criteria. There was a range of different conditions in this clinical sample, but here we report on the presence of CT and ADHD in relation to motor activity. Twenty-nine healthy controls were recruited. We analyzed motor activity time series using linear and nonlinear mathematical methods, with a special focus on active and inactive periods in the actigraphic recordings. Results Forty patients fulfilled the criteria for ADHD, with the remainder receiving other psychiatric diagnoses (clinical controls). Forty-two patients fulfilled the criteria for CT. Twenty-two patients fulfilled the criteria for ADHD and CT, 18 patients met the criteria for ADHD without CT, and 15 patients had neither. The ratio duration of active/inactive periods was significantly lower in patients with CT than in patients without CT, in both the total sample, and in the ADHD subsample. Conclusions CT is associated with objectively assessed changes in motor activity, implying that the systems regulating motor behavior in these patients are different from both healthy controls and clinical controls without CT. Findings suggest that actigraphy may supplement clinical assessments of CT and ADHD, and may provide an objective marker for CT.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-022-04242-1ADHDCyclothymic temperamentMotor activityActigraphy |
| spellingShingle | Vigdis Elin Giaever Syrstad Kristin Mjeldheim Wenche Førland Petter Jakobsen Rolf Gjestad Jan Øystein Berle Kathleen Ries Merikangas Ketil Joachim Oedegaard Ole Bernt Fasmer Objective assessment of motor activity in a clinical sample of adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and/or cyclothymic temperament BMC Psychiatry ADHD Cyclothymic temperament Motor activity Actigraphy |
| title | Objective assessment of motor activity in a clinical sample of adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and/or cyclothymic temperament |
| title_full | Objective assessment of motor activity in a clinical sample of adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and/or cyclothymic temperament |
| title_fullStr | Objective assessment of motor activity in a clinical sample of adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and/or cyclothymic temperament |
| title_full_unstemmed | Objective assessment of motor activity in a clinical sample of adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and/or cyclothymic temperament |
| title_short | Objective assessment of motor activity in a clinical sample of adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and/or cyclothymic temperament |
| title_sort | objective assessment of motor activity in a clinical sample of adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and or cyclothymic temperament |
| topic | ADHD Cyclothymic temperament Motor activity Actigraphy |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-022-04242-1 |
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