La frontière entre « judaïsme » et « aryanisme ». Logique antisémite, contentieux juridique et pratiques bureaucratiques autour du classement des « demi-juifs » en France occupée (1940-1944)
Under the Occupation, the French Jewish Statute made no provisions for an intermediary status for individuals of mixed heritage (who the administration called “half-Jews”), to the contrary of Nazi legislation in Germany. Consequently, there were no first- or second-degree mixed-heritage people in Fr...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | fra |
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Centre de Recherches Historiques
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| Series: | L'Atelier du CRH |
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| Online Access: | https://journals.openedition.org/acrh/10751 |
| _version_ | 1797313589320613888 |
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| author | Laurent Joly |
| author_facet | Laurent Joly |
| author_sort | Laurent Joly |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Under the Occupation, the French Jewish Statute made no provisions for an intermediary status for individuals of mixed heritage (who the administration called “half-Jews”), to the contrary of Nazi legislation in Germany. Consequently, there were no first- or second-degree mixed-heritage people in France; one was either Jewish or not. But the criteria for defining whether or not “half-Jews” were of “the Jewish race” varied between German and French texts, case law, and the practices of specialized bureaucrats. The boundary between “Jewish” and “non-Jewish” was tenuous, often arbitrary, and shaped by religious affiliation, a divorce, a marriage, or other fact of life. Being classified on the “good” or “bad” side of the “barricade” (according to the formulation of George Montandon, the ethno-racial expert of the Paris Prefecture of Police and the Commissariat-General for Jewish Affairs [CGQJ]) was very often a matter of life or death. The administration (mainly the “Jewish Service” of the Prefecture of Police and the CGQJ) and the courts had to rule on thousands of “ambiguous cases.” The CGQJ delivered over 11,000 “Certificates of Non-Belonging to the Jewish Race” after painstaking investigations. This article considers the categories that agents of the State used to sort out these borderline cases, and tries to understand the root causes of this dogged quest to determine the legal and political boundary between “Jew” and “non-Jew.” |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T02:33:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-741cd82fbad94e89aca6145aa02455aa |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1760-7914 |
| language | fra |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T02:33:45Z |
| publisher | Centre de Recherches Historiques |
| record_format | Article |
| series | L'Atelier du CRH |
| spelling | doaj.art-741cd82fbad94e89aca6145aa02455aa2024-02-13T13:59:09ZfraCentre de Recherches HistoriquesL'Atelier du CRH1760-79142110.4000/acrh.10751La frontière entre « judaïsme » et « aryanisme ». Logique antisémite, contentieux juridique et pratiques bureaucratiques autour du classement des « demi-juifs » en France occupée (1940-1944)Laurent JolyUnder the Occupation, the French Jewish Statute made no provisions for an intermediary status for individuals of mixed heritage (who the administration called “half-Jews”), to the contrary of Nazi legislation in Germany. Consequently, there were no first- or second-degree mixed-heritage people in France; one was either Jewish or not. But the criteria for defining whether or not “half-Jews” were of “the Jewish race” varied between German and French texts, case law, and the practices of specialized bureaucrats. The boundary between “Jewish” and “non-Jewish” was tenuous, often arbitrary, and shaped by religious affiliation, a divorce, a marriage, or other fact of life. Being classified on the “good” or “bad” side of the “barricade” (according to the formulation of George Montandon, the ethno-racial expert of the Paris Prefecture of Police and the Commissariat-General for Jewish Affairs [CGQJ]) was very often a matter of life or death. The administration (mainly the “Jewish Service” of the Prefecture of Police and the CGQJ) and the courts had to rule on thousands of “ambiguous cases.” The CGQJ delivered over 11,000 “Certificates of Non-Belonging to the Jewish Race” after painstaking investigations. This article considers the categories that agents of the State used to sort out these borderline cases, and tries to understand the root causes of this dogged quest to determine the legal and political boundary between “Jew” and “non-Jew.”https://journals.openedition.org/acrh/10751administrationFranceanti-SemitismCommissariat-General for Jewish Affairs1940-1944Paris Prefecture of Police |
| spellingShingle | Laurent Joly La frontière entre « judaïsme » et « aryanisme ». Logique antisémite, contentieux juridique et pratiques bureaucratiques autour du classement des « demi-juifs » en France occupée (1940-1944) L'Atelier du CRH administration France anti-Semitism Commissariat-General for Jewish Affairs 1940-1944 Paris Prefecture of Police |
| title | La frontière entre « judaïsme » et « aryanisme ». Logique antisémite, contentieux juridique et pratiques bureaucratiques autour du classement des « demi-juifs » en France occupée (1940-1944) |
| title_full | La frontière entre « judaïsme » et « aryanisme ». Logique antisémite, contentieux juridique et pratiques bureaucratiques autour du classement des « demi-juifs » en France occupée (1940-1944) |
| title_fullStr | La frontière entre « judaïsme » et « aryanisme ». Logique antisémite, contentieux juridique et pratiques bureaucratiques autour du classement des « demi-juifs » en France occupée (1940-1944) |
| title_full_unstemmed | La frontière entre « judaïsme » et « aryanisme ». Logique antisémite, contentieux juridique et pratiques bureaucratiques autour du classement des « demi-juifs » en France occupée (1940-1944) |
| title_short | La frontière entre « judaïsme » et « aryanisme ». Logique antisémite, contentieux juridique et pratiques bureaucratiques autour du classement des « demi-juifs » en France occupée (1940-1944) |
| title_sort | la frontiere entre judaisme et aryanisme logique antisemite contentieux juridique et pratiques bureaucratiques autour du classement des demi juifs en france occupee 1940 1944 |
| topic | administration France anti-Semitism Commissariat-General for Jewish Affairs 1940-1944 Paris Prefecture of Police |
| url | https://journals.openedition.org/acrh/10751 |
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