Local and Systemic Changes in Photosynthetic Parameters and Antioxidant Activity in Cucumber Challenged with <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv <i>lachrymans</i>
We studied changes in gas exchange, photochemical activity and the antioxidant system in cucumber leaves locally infected with <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv <i>lachrymans</i> and in uninfected systemic ones. Infection-induced declined net photosynthesis rate and the related...
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MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/17/6378 |
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| author | Tomasz Kopczewski Elżbieta Kuźniak Andrzej Kornaś Grzegorz Rut Michał Nosek Iwona Ciereszko Lech Szczepaniak |
| author_facet | Tomasz Kopczewski Elżbieta Kuźniak Andrzej Kornaś Grzegorz Rut Michał Nosek Iwona Ciereszko Lech Szczepaniak |
| author_sort | Tomasz Kopczewski |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We studied changes in gas exchange, photochemical activity and the antioxidant system in cucumber leaves locally infected with <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv <i>lachrymans</i> and in uninfected systemic ones. Infection-induced declined net photosynthesis rate and the related changes in transpiration rate, the intracellular CO<sub>2</sub> concentration, and prolonged reduction in maximal PSII quantum yield (Fv/Fm), accompanied by an increase in non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), were observed only in the infected leaves, along with full disease symptom development. Infection severely affected the ROS/redox homeostasis at the cellular level and in chloroplasts. Superoxide dismutase, ascorbate, and tocopherol were preferentially induced at the early stage of pathogenesis, whereas catalase, glutathione, and the ascorbate–glutathione cycle enzymes were activated later. Systemic leaves retained their net photosynthesis rate and the changes in the antioxidant system were partly like those in the infected leaves, although they occurred later and were less intense. Re-balancing of ascorbate and glutathione in systemic leaves generated a specific redox signature in chloroplasts. We suggest that it could be a regulatory element playing a role in integrating photosynthesis and redox regulation of stress, aimed at increasing the defense capacity and maintaining the growth of the infected plant. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:36:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-742ad236e0284d32825048e0a6729b0a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:36:51Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-742ad236e0284d32825048e0a6729b0a2023-11-20T12:20:48ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-09-012117637810.3390/ijms21176378Local and Systemic Changes in Photosynthetic Parameters and Antioxidant Activity in Cucumber Challenged with <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv <i>lachrymans</i>Tomasz Kopczewski0Elżbieta Kuźniak1Andrzej Kornaś2Grzegorz Rut3Michał Nosek4Iwona Ciereszko5Lech Szczepaniak6Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, PolandDepartment of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, PolandInstitute of Biology, Pedagogical University, Podchorążych 2, 30-084 Kraków, PolandInstitute of Biology, Pedagogical University, Podchorążych 2, 30-084 Kraków, PolandInstitute of Biology, Pedagogical University, Podchorążych 2, 30-084 Kraków, PolandDepartment of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bialystok, Ciolkowskiego 1J, 15-245 Bialystok, PolandDepartment of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Ciolkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Bialystok, PolandWe studied changes in gas exchange, photochemical activity and the antioxidant system in cucumber leaves locally infected with <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv <i>lachrymans</i> and in uninfected systemic ones. Infection-induced declined net photosynthesis rate and the related changes in transpiration rate, the intracellular CO<sub>2</sub> concentration, and prolonged reduction in maximal PSII quantum yield (Fv/Fm), accompanied by an increase in non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), were observed only in the infected leaves, along with full disease symptom development. Infection severely affected the ROS/redox homeostasis at the cellular level and in chloroplasts. Superoxide dismutase, ascorbate, and tocopherol were preferentially induced at the early stage of pathogenesis, whereas catalase, glutathione, and the ascorbate–glutathione cycle enzymes were activated later. Systemic leaves retained their net photosynthesis rate and the changes in the antioxidant system were partly like those in the infected leaves, although they occurred later and were less intense. Re-balancing of ascorbate and glutathione in systemic leaves generated a specific redox signature in chloroplasts. We suggest that it could be a regulatory element playing a role in integrating photosynthesis and redox regulation of stress, aimed at increasing the defense capacity and maintaining the growth of the infected plant.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/17/6378ascorbate–glutathione cyclechloroplastsgas exchangephotochemical activityredox signaturesuperoxide dismutase |
| spellingShingle | Tomasz Kopczewski Elżbieta Kuźniak Andrzej Kornaś Grzegorz Rut Michał Nosek Iwona Ciereszko Lech Szczepaniak Local and Systemic Changes in Photosynthetic Parameters and Antioxidant Activity in Cucumber Challenged with <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv <i>lachrymans</i> International Journal of Molecular Sciences ascorbate–glutathione cycle chloroplasts gas exchange photochemical activity redox signature superoxide dismutase |
| title | Local and Systemic Changes in Photosynthetic Parameters and Antioxidant Activity in Cucumber Challenged with <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv <i>lachrymans</i> |
| title_full | Local and Systemic Changes in Photosynthetic Parameters and Antioxidant Activity in Cucumber Challenged with <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv <i>lachrymans</i> |
| title_fullStr | Local and Systemic Changes in Photosynthetic Parameters and Antioxidant Activity in Cucumber Challenged with <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv <i>lachrymans</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Local and Systemic Changes in Photosynthetic Parameters and Antioxidant Activity in Cucumber Challenged with <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv <i>lachrymans</i> |
| title_short | Local and Systemic Changes in Photosynthetic Parameters and Antioxidant Activity in Cucumber Challenged with <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv <i>lachrymans</i> |
| title_sort | local and systemic changes in photosynthetic parameters and antioxidant activity in cucumber challenged with i pseudomonas syringae i pv i lachrymans i |
| topic | ascorbate–glutathione cycle chloroplasts gas exchange photochemical activity redox signature superoxide dismutase |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/17/6378 |
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