Serotonergic Neurons in the Chick Brainstem Express Various Serotonin Receptor Subfamily Genes
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is a phylogenetically conserved modulatory neurotransmitter. In mammals, 5-HT plays an important role in the regulation of many mental states and the processing of emotions in the central nervous system. Serotonergic neurons in the central nervous system, includ...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Physiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2021.815997/full |
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| author | Toshiyuki Fujita Naoya Aoki Chihiro Mori Eiko Fujita Toshiya Matsushima Koichi J. Homma Shinji Yamaguchi |
| author_facet | Toshiyuki Fujita Naoya Aoki Chihiro Mori Eiko Fujita Toshiya Matsushima Koichi J. Homma Shinji Yamaguchi |
| author_sort | Toshiyuki Fujita |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is a phylogenetically conserved modulatory neurotransmitter. In mammals, 5-HT plays an important role in the regulation of many mental states and the processing of emotions in the central nervous system. Serotonergic neurons in the central nervous system, including the dorsal raphe (DR) and median raphe (MR) nuclei, are spatially clustered in the brainstem and provide ascending innervation to the entire forebrain and midbrain. Both between and within the DR and MR, these serotonergic neurons have different cellular characteristics, developmental origin, connectivity, physiology, and related behavioral functions. Recently, an understanding of the heterogeneity of the DR and MR serotonergic neurons has been developed at the molecular level. In birds, emotion-related behavior is suggested to be modulated by the 5-HT system. However, correspondence between the raphe nuclei of birds and mammals, as well as the cellular heterogeneity in the serotonergic neurons of birds are poorly understood. To further understand the heterogeneity of serotonergic neurons in birds, we performed a molecular dissection of the chick brainstem using in situ hybridization. In this study, we prepared RNA probes for chick orthologs of the following serotonin receptor genes: 5-HTR1A, 5-HTR1B, 5-HTR1D, 5-HTR1E, 5-HTR1F, 5-HTR2A, 5-HTR2B, 5-HTR2C, 5-HTR3A, 5-HTR4, 5-HTR5A, and 5-HTR7. We showed that the expression pattern of 5-HT receptors in the serotonin neurons of chick DR and MR may vary, suggesting heterogeneity among and within the serotonin neurons of the DR and MR in the chick brainstem. Our findings regarding the molecular properties of serotonergic neurons in the bird raphe system will facilitate a good understanding of the correspondence between bird and mammalian raphes. |
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| id | doaj.art-7433308c94a14d1990500306fa147326 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-24T01:30:09Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Physiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-7433308c94a14d1990500306fa1473262022-12-21T17:22:23ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physiology1664-042X2022-01-011210.3389/fphys.2021.815997815997Serotonergic Neurons in the Chick Brainstem Express Various Serotonin Receptor Subfamily GenesToshiyuki Fujita0Naoya Aoki1Chihiro Mori2Eiko Fujita3Toshiya Matsushima4Koichi J. Homma5Shinji Yamaguchi6Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, JapanDepartment of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Tokyo, JapanSerotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is a phylogenetically conserved modulatory neurotransmitter. In mammals, 5-HT plays an important role in the regulation of many mental states and the processing of emotions in the central nervous system. Serotonergic neurons in the central nervous system, including the dorsal raphe (DR) and median raphe (MR) nuclei, are spatially clustered in the brainstem and provide ascending innervation to the entire forebrain and midbrain. Both between and within the DR and MR, these serotonergic neurons have different cellular characteristics, developmental origin, connectivity, physiology, and related behavioral functions. Recently, an understanding of the heterogeneity of the DR and MR serotonergic neurons has been developed at the molecular level. In birds, emotion-related behavior is suggested to be modulated by the 5-HT system. However, correspondence between the raphe nuclei of birds and mammals, as well as the cellular heterogeneity in the serotonergic neurons of birds are poorly understood. To further understand the heterogeneity of serotonergic neurons in birds, we performed a molecular dissection of the chick brainstem using in situ hybridization. In this study, we prepared RNA probes for chick orthologs of the following serotonin receptor genes: 5-HTR1A, 5-HTR1B, 5-HTR1D, 5-HTR1E, 5-HTR1F, 5-HTR2A, 5-HTR2B, 5-HTR2C, 5-HTR3A, 5-HTR4, 5-HTR5A, and 5-HTR7. We showed that the expression pattern of 5-HT receptors in the serotonin neurons of chick DR and MR may vary, suggesting heterogeneity among and within the serotonin neurons of the DR and MR in the chick brainstem. Our findings regarding the molecular properties of serotonergic neurons in the bird raphe system will facilitate a good understanding of the correspondence between bird and mammalian raphes.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2021.815997/fullchickdorsal raphe nucleusmedian raphe nucleusserotonin receptorheterogeneityoptic tectum |
| spellingShingle | Toshiyuki Fujita Naoya Aoki Chihiro Mori Eiko Fujita Toshiya Matsushima Koichi J. Homma Shinji Yamaguchi Serotonergic Neurons in the Chick Brainstem Express Various Serotonin Receptor Subfamily Genes Frontiers in Physiology chick dorsal raphe nucleus median raphe nucleus serotonin receptor heterogeneity optic tectum |
| title | Serotonergic Neurons in the Chick Brainstem Express Various Serotonin Receptor Subfamily Genes |
| title_full | Serotonergic Neurons in the Chick Brainstem Express Various Serotonin Receptor Subfamily Genes |
| title_fullStr | Serotonergic Neurons in the Chick Brainstem Express Various Serotonin Receptor Subfamily Genes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Serotonergic Neurons in the Chick Brainstem Express Various Serotonin Receptor Subfamily Genes |
| title_short | Serotonergic Neurons in the Chick Brainstem Express Various Serotonin Receptor Subfamily Genes |
| title_sort | serotonergic neurons in the chick brainstem express various serotonin receptor subfamily genes |
| topic | chick dorsal raphe nucleus median raphe nucleus serotonin receptor heterogeneity optic tectum |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2021.815997/full |
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