Ammonia, Hydrogen Sulfide, and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Lab-Scaled Manure Bedpacks with and without Aluminum Sulfate Additions
The poultry industry has successfully used aluminum sulfate (alum) as a litter amendment to reduce NH<sub>3</sub> emissions from poultry barns, but alum has not been evaluated for similar uses in cattle facilities. A study was conducted to measure ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>), gr...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-09-01
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| Series: | Environments |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3298/6/10/108 |
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| author | Mindy J. Spiehs Bryan L. Woodbury David B. Parker |
| author_facet | Mindy J. Spiehs Bryan L. Woodbury David B. Parker |
| author_sort | Mindy J. Spiehs |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The poultry industry has successfully used aluminum sulfate (alum) as a litter amendment to reduce NH<sub>3</sub> emissions from poultry barns, but alum has not been evaluated for similar uses in cattle facilities. A study was conducted to measure ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>), greenhouse gases (GHG), and hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S) emissions from lab-scaled bedded manure packs over a 42-day period. Two frequencies of application (once or weekly) and four concentrations of alum (0, 2.5, 5, and 10% by mass) were evaluated. Frequency of alum application was either the entire treatment of alum applied on Day 0 (once) or 16.6% of the total alum mass applied each week for six weeks. Ammonia emissions were reduced when 10% alum was used, but H<sub>2</sub>S emissions increased as the concentration of alum increased in the bedded packs. Nitrous oxide emissions were not affected by alum treatment. Methane emissions increased as the concentration of alum increased in the bedded packs. Carbon dioxide emissions were highest when 5% alum was applied and lowest when 0% alum was used. Results of this study indicate that 10% alum is needed to effectively reduce NH<sub>3</sub> emissions, but H<sub>2</sub>S and methane emissions may increase when this concentration of alum is used. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T14:04:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7439f96262f743ba8f4d2e12dc6c9914 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3298 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T14:04:53Z |
| publishDate | 2019-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environments |
| spelling | doaj.art-7439f96262f743ba8f4d2e12dc6c99142022-12-22T04:19:55ZengMDPI AGEnvironments2076-32982019-09-0161010810.3390/environments6100108environments6100108Ammonia, Hydrogen Sulfide, and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Lab-Scaled Manure Bedpacks with and without Aluminum Sulfate AdditionsMindy J. Spiehs0Bryan L. Woodbury1David B. Parker2USDA Agricultural Research Service, Meat Animal Research Center, Spur 18D, Clay Center, NE 68933, USAUSDA Agricultural Research Service, Meat Animal Research Center, Spur 18D, Clay Center, NE 68933, USAUSDA Agricultural Research Service, Conservations and Production Research Laboratory, Bushland, TX 79012, USAThe poultry industry has successfully used aluminum sulfate (alum) as a litter amendment to reduce NH<sub>3</sub> emissions from poultry barns, but alum has not been evaluated for similar uses in cattle facilities. A study was conducted to measure ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>), greenhouse gases (GHG), and hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S) emissions from lab-scaled bedded manure packs over a 42-day period. Two frequencies of application (once or weekly) and four concentrations of alum (0, 2.5, 5, and 10% by mass) were evaluated. Frequency of alum application was either the entire treatment of alum applied on Day 0 (once) or 16.6% of the total alum mass applied each week for six weeks. Ammonia emissions were reduced when 10% alum was used, but H<sub>2</sub>S emissions increased as the concentration of alum increased in the bedded packs. Nitrous oxide emissions were not affected by alum treatment. Methane emissions increased as the concentration of alum increased in the bedded packs. Carbon dioxide emissions were highest when 5% alum was applied and lowest when 0% alum was used. Results of this study indicate that 10% alum is needed to effectively reduce NH<sub>3</sub> emissions, but H<sub>2</sub>S and methane emissions may increase when this concentration of alum is used.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3298/6/10/108ammoniabeefbeddingcarbon dioxidegreenhouse gashydrogen sulfidemethanenitrous oxide |
| spellingShingle | Mindy J. Spiehs Bryan L. Woodbury David B. Parker Ammonia, Hydrogen Sulfide, and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Lab-Scaled Manure Bedpacks with and without Aluminum Sulfate Additions Environments ammonia beef bedding carbon dioxide greenhouse gas hydrogen sulfide methane nitrous oxide |
| title | Ammonia, Hydrogen Sulfide, and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Lab-Scaled Manure Bedpacks with and without Aluminum Sulfate Additions |
| title_full | Ammonia, Hydrogen Sulfide, and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Lab-Scaled Manure Bedpacks with and without Aluminum Sulfate Additions |
| title_fullStr | Ammonia, Hydrogen Sulfide, and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Lab-Scaled Manure Bedpacks with and without Aluminum Sulfate Additions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ammonia, Hydrogen Sulfide, and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Lab-Scaled Manure Bedpacks with and without Aluminum Sulfate Additions |
| title_short | Ammonia, Hydrogen Sulfide, and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Lab-Scaled Manure Bedpacks with and without Aluminum Sulfate Additions |
| title_sort | ammonia hydrogen sulfide and greenhouse gas emissions from lab scaled manure bedpacks with and without aluminum sulfate additions |
| topic | ammonia beef bedding carbon dioxide greenhouse gas hydrogen sulfide methane nitrous oxide |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3298/6/10/108 |
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