Role of methyltransferase-like enzyme 3 and methyltransferase-like enzyme 14 in urological cancers
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modifications can be found in eukaryotic messenger RNA (mRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), and microRNA (miRNA). Several studies have demonstrated a close relationship between m6A modifications and cancer cells. Methyltransferase-like enzyme 3 (METTL3) and methyltransferas...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
PeerJ Inc.
2020-07-01
|
| Series: | PeerJ |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://peerj.com/articles/9589.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797418321595858944 |
|---|---|
| author | Zijia Tao Yiqiao Zhao Xiaonan Chen |
| author_facet | Zijia Tao Yiqiao Zhao Xiaonan Chen |
| author_sort | Zijia Tao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modifications can be found in eukaryotic messenger RNA (mRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), and microRNA (miRNA). Several studies have demonstrated a close relationship between m6A modifications and cancer cells. Methyltransferase-like enzyme 3 (METTL3) and methyltransferase-like enzyme 14 (METTL14) are two major enzymes involved in m6A modifications that play vital roles in various cancers. However, the roles and regulatory mechanisms of METTL3 and METTL14 in urological cancers are largely unknown. In this review, we summarize the current research results for METTL3 and METTL14 and identify potential pathways involving these enzymes in kidney, bladder, prostate, and testicular cancer. We found that METTL3 and METTL14 have different expression patterns in four types of urological cancers. METTL3 is highly expressed in bladder and prostate cancer and plays an oncogenic role on cancer cells; however, its expression and role are opposite in kidney cancer. METTL14 is expressed at low levels in kidney and bladder cancer, where it has a tumor suppressive role. Low METTL3 or METTL14 expression in cancer cells negatively regulates cell growth-related pathways (e.g., mTOR, EMT, and P2XR6) but positively regulates cell death-related pathways (e.g., P53, PTEN, and Notch1). When METTL3 is highly expressed, it positively regulates the NF-kB and SHH-GL1pathways but negatively regulates PTEN. These results suggest that although METTL3 and METTL14 have different expression levels and regulatory mechanisms in urological cancers, they control cancer cell fate via cell growth- and cell death-related pathways. These findings suggest that m6A modification may be a potential new therapeutic target in urological cancer. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:32:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7444b84cf15d42839bbeb8fbfb325d73 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2167-8359 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:32:01Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PeerJ |
| spelling | doaj.art-7444b84cf15d42839bbeb8fbfb325d732023-12-03T11:04:23ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592020-07-018e958910.7717/peerj.9589Role of methyltransferase-like enzyme 3 and methyltransferase-like enzyme 14 in urological cancersZijia Tao0Yiqiao Zhao1Xiaonan Chen2Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, ChinaDepartment of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, ChinaDepartment of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, ChinaN6-methyladenosine (m6A) modifications can be found in eukaryotic messenger RNA (mRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), and microRNA (miRNA). Several studies have demonstrated a close relationship between m6A modifications and cancer cells. Methyltransferase-like enzyme 3 (METTL3) and methyltransferase-like enzyme 14 (METTL14) are two major enzymes involved in m6A modifications that play vital roles in various cancers. However, the roles and regulatory mechanisms of METTL3 and METTL14 in urological cancers are largely unknown. In this review, we summarize the current research results for METTL3 and METTL14 and identify potential pathways involving these enzymes in kidney, bladder, prostate, and testicular cancer. We found that METTL3 and METTL14 have different expression patterns in four types of urological cancers. METTL3 is highly expressed in bladder and prostate cancer and plays an oncogenic role on cancer cells; however, its expression and role are opposite in kidney cancer. METTL14 is expressed at low levels in kidney and bladder cancer, where it has a tumor suppressive role. Low METTL3 or METTL14 expression in cancer cells negatively regulates cell growth-related pathways (e.g., mTOR, EMT, and P2XR6) but positively regulates cell death-related pathways (e.g., P53, PTEN, and Notch1). When METTL3 is highly expressed, it positively regulates the NF-kB and SHH-GL1pathways but negatively regulates PTEN. These results suggest that although METTL3 and METTL14 have different expression levels and regulatory mechanisms in urological cancers, they control cancer cell fate via cell growth- and cell death-related pathways. These findings suggest that m6A modification may be a potential new therapeutic target in urological cancer.https://peerj.com/articles/9589.pdfMETTL3METTL14m6A Kidney cancerBladder cancerProstate cancer |
| spellingShingle | Zijia Tao Yiqiao Zhao Xiaonan Chen Role of methyltransferase-like enzyme 3 and methyltransferase-like enzyme 14 in urological cancers PeerJ METTL3 METTL14 m6A Kidney cancer Bladder cancer Prostate cancer |
| title | Role of methyltransferase-like enzyme 3 and methyltransferase-like enzyme 14 in urological cancers |
| title_full | Role of methyltransferase-like enzyme 3 and methyltransferase-like enzyme 14 in urological cancers |
| title_fullStr | Role of methyltransferase-like enzyme 3 and methyltransferase-like enzyme 14 in urological cancers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Role of methyltransferase-like enzyme 3 and methyltransferase-like enzyme 14 in urological cancers |
| title_short | Role of methyltransferase-like enzyme 3 and methyltransferase-like enzyme 14 in urological cancers |
| title_sort | role of methyltransferase like enzyme 3 and methyltransferase like enzyme 14 in urological cancers |
| topic | METTL3 METTL14 m6A Kidney cancer Bladder cancer Prostate cancer |
| url | https://peerj.com/articles/9589.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zijiatao roleofmethyltransferaselikeenzyme3andmethyltransferaselikeenzyme14inurologicalcancers AT yiqiaozhao roleofmethyltransferaselikeenzyme3andmethyltransferaselikeenzyme14inurologicalcancers AT xiaonanchen roleofmethyltransferaselikeenzyme3andmethyltransferaselikeenzyme14inurologicalcancers |