Cognitive frailty is a robust predictor of falls, injuries, and disability among community-dwelling older adults
Abstract Background Cognitive frailty, a combination of physical frailty and cognitive impairment, is associated with functional decline in older adults. However, there is limited information if cognitive frailty predicts the incidence of falls, injuries, and disability. In this study, we aimed to d...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2021-10-01
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| Series: | BMC Geriatrics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-021-02525-y |
| _version_ | 1819116850852659200 |
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| author | Nurul Fatin Malek Rivan Devinder Kaur Ajit Singh Suzana Shahar Goh Jing Wen Nor Fadilah Rajab Normah Che Din Hazlina Mahadzir Mohd Zul Amin Kamaruddin |
| author_facet | Nurul Fatin Malek Rivan Devinder Kaur Ajit Singh Suzana Shahar Goh Jing Wen Nor Fadilah Rajab Normah Che Din Hazlina Mahadzir Mohd Zul Amin Kamaruddin |
| author_sort | Nurul Fatin Malek Rivan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Cognitive frailty, a combination of physical frailty and cognitive impairment, is associated with functional decline in older adults. However, there is limited information if cognitive frailty predicts the incidence of falls, injuries, and disability. In this study, we aimed to determine the ability of cognitive frailty in predicting the incidence of falls, injuries and disability among multi-ethnic older adults in Malaysia at 5 years follow-up. Methods In this prospective cohort study, a total of 400 participants aged 60 years and above were successfully followed up at 5 years. Participants’ socio-demographic, medical history, psycho-social, physical, cognitive and dietary intake information was obtained. Cognitive frailty was defined as comorbid physical frailty (> 1 Fried criteria) and mild cognitive impairment (Petersen criteria). Univariate analysis was performed for all variables, followed by hierarchical binary logistic regression (BLR) analysis to identify the ability of CF in predicting the incidence of falls, injuries, and disability. The significant value was set at p < 0.05. Results Cognitive frailty was found to be associated with greater risk of adverse consequences after adjusting for covariates. Both cognitive frailty (Adjusted Odd ratio (Adj OR) = 2.98, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.78–4.99, p < 0.05) and physical frailty (Adj OR = 2.88, 95% CI: 1.19–6.99, p < 0.05) were significant predictors of incidence of falls. Risk of injuries was also significantly increased with the presence of cognitive frailty (Adj OR = 3.06, 95% CI: 1.23–7.60, p < 0.05) and physical frailty (Adj OR = 3.04, 95% CI: 1.75–5.28, p < 0.05). In addition, cognitive frailty (Adj OR = 5.17, 95% CI: 1.11–24.21, p < 0.05) and physical frailty (Adj OR = 4.99, 95% CI: 1.11–22.57, p < 0.05) were shown to significantly predict the incidence of disability among older adults. Conclusion Cognitive frailty is a robust predictor of falls, injuries, and disability in older adults. Possible early multi-domain preventive and management strategies of cognitive frailty that contribute to adverse consequences are required to decrease further functional decline and promote independence in older adults. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T05:23:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7466f12879a342b396bdd164f254bed5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2318 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T05:23:39Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Geriatrics |
| spelling | doaj.art-7466f12879a342b396bdd164f254bed52022-12-21T18:37:39ZengBMCBMC Geriatrics1471-23182021-10-0121111310.1186/s12877-021-02525-yCognitive frailty is a robust predictor of falls, injuries, and disability among community-dwelling older adultsNurul Fatin Malek Rivan0Devinder Kaur Ajit Singh1Suzana Shahar2Goh Jing Wen3Nor Fadilah Rajab4Normah Che Din5Hazlina Mahadzir6Mohd Zul Amin Kamaruddin7Nutritional Sciences Programme and Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-CARE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul AzizPhysiotherapy Programme & Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-CARE), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul AzizDietetics Programme and Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-CARE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul AzizPhysiotherapy Programme & Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-CARE), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul AzizBiomedical Science Programme, Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-CARE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul AzizHealth Psychology Programme and Centre of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul AzizInternal Medicine & Geriatric Department, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob LatifCentre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-CARE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul AzizAbstract Background Cognitive frailty, a combination of physical frailty and cognitive impairment, is associated with functional decline in older adults. However, there is limited information if cognitive frailty predicts the incidence of falls, injuries, and disability. In this study, we aimed to determine the ability of cognitive frailty in predicting the incidence of falls, injuries and disability among multi-ethnic older adults in Malaysia at 5 years follow-up. Methods In this prospective cohort study, a total of 400 participants aged 60 years and above were successfully followed up at 5 years. Participants’ socio-demographic, medical history, psycho-social, physical, cognitive and dietary intake information was obtained. Cognitive frailty was defined as comorbid physical frailty (> 1 Fried criteria) and mild cognitive impairment (Petersen criteria). Univariate analysis was performed for all variables, followed by hierarchical binary logistic regression (BLR) analysis to identify the ability of CF in predicting the incidence of falls, injuries, and disability. The significant value was set at p < 0.05. Results Cognitive frailty was found to be associated with greater risk of adverse consequences after adjusting for covariates. Both cognitive frailty (Adjusted Odd ratio (Adj OR) = 2.98, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.78–4.99, p < 0.05) and physical frailty (Adj OR = 2.88, 95% CI: 1.19–6.99, p < 0.05) were significant predictors of incidence of falls. Risk of injuries was also significantly increased with the presence of cognitive frailty (Adj OR = 3.06, 95% CI: 1.23–7.60, p < 0.05) and physical frailty (Adj OR = 3.04, 95% CI: 1.75–5.28, p < 0.05). In addition, cognitive frailty (Adj OR = 5.17, 95% CI: 1.11–24.21, p < 0.05) and physical frailty (Adj OR = 4.99, 95% CI: 1.11–22.57, p < 0.05) were shown to significantly predict the incidence of disability among older adults. Conclusion Cognitive frailty is a robust predictor of falls, injuries, and disability in older adults. Possible early multi-domain preventive and management strategies of cognitive frailty that contribute to adverse consequences are required to decrease further functional decline and promote independence in older adults.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-021-02525-yCognitive frailtyFallsInjuriesDisabilityIncidencePredictors |
| spellingShingle | Nurul Fatin Malek Rivan Devinder Kaur Ajit Singh Suzana Shahar Goh Jing Wen Nor Fadilah Rajab Normah Che Din Hazlina Mahadzir Mohd Zul Amin Kamaruddin Cognitive frailty is a robust predictor of falls, injuries, and disability among community-dwelling older adults BMC Geriatrics Cognitive frailty Falls Injuries Disability Incidence Predictors |
| title | Cognitive frailty is a robust predictor of falls, injuries, and disability among community-dwelling older adults |
| title_full | Cognitive frailty is a robust predictor of falls, injuries, and disability among community-dwelling older adults |
| title_fullStr | Cognitive frailty is a robust predictor of falls, injuries, and disability among community-dwelling older adults |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cognitive frailty is a robust predictor of falls, injuries, and disability among community-dwelling older adults |
| title_short | Cognitive frailty is a robust predictor of falls, injuries, and disability among community-dwelling older adults |
| title_sort | cognitive frailty is a robust predictor of falls injuries and disability among community dwelling older adults |
| topic | Cognitive frailty Falls Injuries Disability Incidence Predictors |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-021-02525-y |
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