Anti-Mullerian Hormone-Based Phenotyping Identifies Subgroups of Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome with Differing Clinical and Biochemical Characteristics
Even though polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) was originally defined as “amenorrhea associated with bilateral polycystic ovaries”, women without PCO morphology can be included in this diagnosis. This may contribute to the clinical heterogeneity seen in PCOS. Serum anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) correla...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Diagnostics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/3/500 |
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| author | Minhthao Thi Nguyen Sridevi Krishnan Sonal V. Phatak Sidika E. Karakas |
| author_facet | Minhthao Thi Nguyen Sridevi Krishnan Sonal V. Phatak Sidika E. Karakas |
| author_sort | Minhthao Thi Nguyen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Even though polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) was originally defined as “amenorrhea associated with bilateral polycystic ovaries”, women without PCO morphology can be included in this diagnosis. This may contribute to the clinical heterogeneity seen in PCOS. Serum anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) correlates with the number of ovarian cysts. We investigated whether phenotyping based on serum AMH can distinguish subgroups of PCOS with different clinical and biochemical characteristics. The electronic medical records of 108 women with PCOS (Rotterdam criteria) were reviewed. The serum AMH value correlated inversely (0.03 < <i>p</i> < 0.0001) with age, weight, and BMI values and directly with serum total testosterone (T), free T, and bioavailable T values. When divided into quartiles based on serum AMH values, the women in the highest quartile (AMH: 18.5 ± 9.9 ng/mL; n = 27) had lower BMI (29.4 ± 6.9 vs. 34.0 ± 10.6–36.7 ± 7.2 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) but higher total T (51.3 ± 27.2 vs. 26.5 ± 10.4–35.1 ± 16.3 ng/dL), free T (7.7 ± 6.0 vs. 4.4 ± 2.3–5.7 ± 3.2 ng/dL), and bioavailable T (22.1 ± 17.0 vs. 12.2 ± 6.6–16.5 ± 8.7 ng/dL) values. The combination of high AMH and high testosterone values may point to the ovaries and reproductive etiology for PCOS in this subgroup. Thus, AMH-based phenotyping may provide a practical and cost-effective tool to explore the heterogeneity in PCOS. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:48:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-746935d738ab491d95f4d0373dcda4b4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4418 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:48:10Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diagnostics |
| spelling | doaj.art-746935d738ab491d95f4d0373dcda4b42023-11-16T16:25:37ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182023-01-0113350010.3390/diagnostics13030500Anti-Mullerian Hormone-Based Phenotyping Identifies Subgroups of Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome with Differing Clinical and Biochemical CharacteristicsMinhthao Thi Nguyen0Sridevi Krishnan1Sonal V. Phatak2Sidika E. Karakas3Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USADepartment of Pediatrics, Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USADepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USADepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USAEven though polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) was originally defined as “amenorrhea associated with bilateral polycystic ovaries”, women without PCO morphology can be included in this diagnosis. This may contribute to the clinical heterogeneity seen in PCOS. Serum anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) correlates with the number of ovarian cysts. We investigated whether phenotyping based on serum AMH can distinguish subgroups of PCOS with different clinical and biochemical characteristics. The electronic medical records of 108 women with PCOS (Rotterdam criteria) were reviewed. The serum AMH value correlated inversely (0.03 < <i>p</i> < 0.0001) with age, weight, and BMI values and directly with serum total testosterone (T), free T, and bioavailable T values. When divided into quartiles based on serum AMH values, the women in the highest quartile (AMH: 18.5 ± 9.9 ng/mL; n = 27) had lower BMI (29.4 ± 6.9 vs. 34.0 ± 10.6–36.7 ± 7.2 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) but higher total T (51.3 ± 27.2 vs. 26.5 ± 10.4–35.1 ± 16.3 ng/dL), free T (7.7 ± 6.0 vs. 4.4 ± 2.3–5.7 ± 3.2 ng/dL), and bioavailable T (22.1 ± 17.0 vs. 12.2 ± 6.6–16.5 ± 8.7 ng/dL) values. The combination of high AMH and high testosterone values may point to the ovaries and reproductive etiology for PCOS in this subgroup. Thus, AMH-based phenotyping may provide a practical and cost-effective tool to explore the heterogeneity in PCOS.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/3/500anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH)polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)phenotypingsubtypes of PCOS |
| spellingShingle | Minhthao Thi Nguyen Sridevi Krishnan Sonal V. Phatak Sidika E. Karakas Anti-Mullerian Hormone-Based Phenotyping Identifies Subgroups of Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome with Differing Clinical and Biochemical Characteristics Diagnostics anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) phenotyping subtypes of PCOS |
| title | Anti-Mullerian Hormone-Based Phenotyping Identifies Subgroups of Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome with Differing Clinical and Biochemical Characteristics |
| title_full | Anti-Mullerian Hormone-Based Phenotyping Identifies Subgroups of Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome with Differing Clinical and Biochemical Characteristics |
| title_fullStr | Anti-Mullerian Hormone-Based Phenotyping Identifies Subgroups of Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome with Differing Clinical and Biochemical Characteristics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Anti-Mullerian Hormone-Based Phenotyping Identifies Subgroups of Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome with Differing Clinical and Biochemical Characteristics |
| title_short | Anti-Mullerian Hormone-Based Phenotyping Identifies Subgroups of Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome with Differing Clinical and Biochemical Characteristics |
| title_sort | anti mullerian hormone based phenotyping identifies subgroups of women with polycystic ovary syndrome with differing clinical and biochemical characteristics |
| topic | anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) phenotyping subtypes of PCOS |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/3/500 |
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