| Summary: | This paper investigates to what extent different aspects
of security correlate. It distinguishes four concepts covered by the term ‘security’:
technical safety, perceived safety, technical security and perceived security. It is
shown that these concepts need not correlate conceptually. Furthermore, the paper shows
empirically that these concepts correlate weakly in two cases. This has implications for
policy and research. First, it leaves open the possibility that interventions targeting
one aspect of security do not affect, or even adversely affect, another aspect of
security: an expression of a security gap. Second, research is commonly motivated by
individual-level arguments relating to safety, whilst relying on aggregate indicators
more likely capturing security.
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