Levodopa-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson’s disease: emerging treatments
Panagiotis Bargiotas, Spyridon KonitsiotisDepartment of Neurology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, GreeceAbstract: Parkinson’s disease therapy is still focused on the use of l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (levodopa or l-dopa) for the symptomatic treatment of the main clinical features of t...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Dove Medical Press
2013-10-01
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| Series: | Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment |
| Online Access: | http://www.dovepress.com/levodopa-induced-dyskinesias-in-parkinsonrsquos-disease-emerging-treat-a14759 |
| _version_ | 1818571120417177600 |
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| author | Bargiotas P Konitsiotis S |
| author_facet | Bargiotas P Konitsiotis S |
| author_sort | Bargiotas P |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Panagiotis Bargiotas, Spyridon KonitsiotisDepartment of Neurology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, GreeceAbstract: Parkinson’s disease therapy is still focused on the use of l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (levodopa or l-dopa) for the symptomatic treatment of the main clinical features of the disease, despite intensive pharmacological research in the last few decades. However, regardless of its effectiveness, the long-term use of levodopa causes, in combination with disease progression, the development of motor complications termed levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LIDs). LIDs are the result of profound modifications in the functional organization of the basal ganglia circuitry, possibly related to the chronic and pulsatile stimulation of striatal dopaminergic receptors by levodopa. Hence, for decades the key feature of a potentially effective agent against LIDs has been its ability to ensure more continuous dopaminergic stimulation in the brain. The growing knowledge regarding the pathophysiology of LIDs and the increasing evidence on involvement of nondopaminergic systems raises the possibility of more promising therapeutic approaches in the future. In the current review, we focus on novel therapies for LIDs in Parkinson’s disease, based mainly on agents that interfere with glutamatergic, serotonergic, adenosine, adrenergic, and cholinergic neurotransmission that are currently in testing or clinical development.Keywords: motor fluctuations, dopaminergic/nondopaminergic systems, pharmacotherapy |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T13:51:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-748b0b5b4e2c4f8ea983c472fcb6463b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1176-6328 1178-2021 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T13:51:22Z |
| publishDate | 2013-10-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment |
| spelling | doaj.art-748b0b5b4e2c4f8ea983c472fcb6463b2022-12-21T22:59:04ZengDove Medical PressNeuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment1176-63281178-20212013-10-012013default16051617Levodopa-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson’s disease: emerging treatmentsBargiotas PKonitsiotis SPanagiotis Bargiotas, Spyridon KonitsiotisDepartment of Neurology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, GreeceAbstract: Parkinson’s disease therapy is still focused on the use of l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (levodopa or l-dopa) for the symptomatic treatment of the main clinical features of the disease, despite intensive pharmacological research in the last few decades. However, regardless of its effectiveness, the long-term use of levodopa causes, in combination with disease progression, the development of motor complications termed levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LIDs). LIDs are the result of profound modifications in the functional organization of the basal ganglia circuitry, possibly related to the chronic and pulsatile stimulation of striatal dopaminergic receptors by levodopa. Hence, for decades the key feature of a potentially effective agent against LIDs has been its ability to ensure more continuous dopaminergic stimulation in the brain. The growing knowledge regarding the pathophysiology of LIDs and the increasing evidence on involvement of nondopaminergic systems raises the possibility of more promising therapeutic approaches in the future. In the current review, we focus on novel therapies for LIDs in Parkinson’s disease, based mainly on agents that interfere with glutamatergic, serotonergic, adenosine, adrenergic, and cholinergic neurotransmission that are currently in testing or clinical development.Keywords: motor fluctuations, dopaminergic/nondopaminergic systems, pharmacotherapyhttp://www.dovepress.com/levodopa-induced-dyskinesias-in-parkinsonrsquos-disease-emerging-treat-a14759 |
| spellingShingle | Bargiotas P Konitsiotis S Levodopa-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson’s disease: emerging treatments Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment |
| title | Levodopa-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson’s disease: emerging treatments |
| title_full | Levodopa-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson’s disease: emerging treatments |
| title_fullStr | Levodopa-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson’s disease: emerging treatments |
| title_full_unstemmed | Levodopa-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson’s disease: emerging treatments |
| title_short | Levodopa-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson’s disease: emerging treatments |
| title_sort | levodopa induced dyskinesias in parkinson rsquo s disease emerging treatments |
| url | http://www.dovepress.com/levodopa-induced-dyskinesias-in-parkinsonrsquos-disease-emerging-treat-a14759 |
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