Low Levels of Adenosine and GDNF Are Potential Risk Factors for Parkinson’s Disease with Sleep Disorders
Sleep disturbances are the most prevalent non-motor symptoms in the preclinical stage of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Adenosine, glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and associated neurotransmitters are crucial in the control of sleep arousal. This study aimed to detect the serum levels of adenosi...
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Brain Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/13/2/200 |
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| author | Li Wang Zheng Gao Gang Chen Deqin Geng Dianshuai Gao |
| author_facet | Li Wang Zheng Gao Gang Chen Deqin Geng Dianshuai Gao |
| author_sort | Li Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sleep disturbances are the most prevalent non-motor symptoms in the preclinical stage of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Adenosine, glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and associated neurotransmitters are crucial in the control of sleep arousal. This study aimed to detect the serum levels of adenosine, GDNF, and associated neurotransmitters and explored their correlations with PD with sleep disorders. Demographic characteristics and clinical information of PD patients and healthy participants were assessed. Serum concentrations of adenosine, GDNF, and related neurotransmitters were detected by ELISA and LC-MS. The correlation between serum levels of adenosine, GDNF, and associated neurotransmitters and sleep disorders was explored using logistic regression. PD patients with sleep disorders had higher scores of HAMA, HAMD, ESS, UPDRS-III, and H-Y stage. Lower levels of adenosine, GDNF, and γ-GABA were observed in PD patients who had sleep problems. Logistic regression analysis showed adenosine and GDNF were protective factors for preventing sleep disorders. Adenosine combined with GDNF had a higher diagnostic efficiency in predicting PD with sleep disorders by ROC analysis. This study revealed low adenosine and GDNF levels may be risk factors for sleep disorders in PD. The decrease of serum adenosine and GDNF levels may contribute to the diagnosis of PD with sleep disturbances. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:05:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-749b5c481afe4506a796ba7eccb8dc64 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:05:03Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Brain Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-749b5c481afe4506a796ba7eccb8dc642023-11-16T19:27:37ZengMDPI AGBrain Sciences2076-34252023-01-0113220010.3390/brainsci13020200Low Levels of Adenosine and GDNF Are Potential Risk Factors for Parkinson’s Disease with Sleep DisordersLi Wang0Zheng Gao1Gang Chen2Deqin Geng3Dianshuai Gao4School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, ChinaThe First Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, The Affiliated Shuyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Yangzhou Medical University, Suqian 223600, ChinaSchool of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, ChinaSchool of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, ChinaSleep disturbances are the most prevalent non-motor symptoms in the preclinical stage of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Adenosine, glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and associated neurotransmitters are crucial in the control of sleep arousal. This study aimed to detect the serum levels of adenosine, GDNF, and associated neurotransmitters and explored their correlations with PD with sleep disorders. Demographic characteristics and clinical information of PD patients and healthy participants were assessed. Serum concentrations of adenosine, GDNF, and related neurotransmitters were detected by ELISA and LC-MS. The correlation between serum levels of adenosine, GDNF, and associated neurotransmitters and sleep disorders was explored using logistic regression. PD patients with sleep disorders had higher scores of HAMA, HAMD, ESS, UPDRS-III, and H-Y stage. Lower levels of adenosine, GDNF, and γ-GABA were observed in PD patients who had sleep problems. Logistic regression analysis showed adenosine and GDNF were protective factors for preventing sleep disorders. Adenosine combined with GDNF had a higher diagnostic efficiency in predicting PD with sleep disorders by ROC analysis. This study revealed low adenosine and GDNF levels may be risk factors for sleep disorders in PD. The decrease of serum adenosine and GDNF levels may contribute to the diagnosis of PD with sleep disturbances.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/13/2/200Parkinson’s diseasesleep disordersadenosineGDNFneurotransmitters |
| spellingShingle | Li Wang Zheng Gao Gang Chen Deqin Geng Dianshuai Gao Low Levels of Adenosine and GDNF Are Potential Risk Factors for Parkinson’s Disease with Sleep Disorders Brain Sciences Parkinson’s disease sleep disorders adenosine GDNF neurotransmitters |
| title | Low Levels of Adenosine and GDNF Are Potential Risk Factors for Parkinson’s Disease with Sleep Disorders |
| title_full | Low Levels of Adenosine and GDNF Are Potential Risk Factors for Parkinson’s Disease with Sleep Disorders |
| title_fullStr | Low Levels of Adenosine and GDNF Are Potential Risk Factors for Parkinson’s Disease with Sleep Disorders |
| title_full_unstemmed | Low Levels of Adenosine and GDNF Are Potential Risk Factors for Parkinson’s Disease with Sleep Disorders |
| title_short | Low Levels of Adenosine and GDNF Are Potential Risk Factors for Parkinson’s Disease with Sleep Disorders |
| title_sort | low levels of adenosine and gdnf are potential risk factors for parkinson s disease with sleep disorders |
| topic | Parkinson’s disease sleep disorders adenosine GDNF neurotransmitters |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/13/2/200 |
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