Probing Dense Nuclear Matter in the Laboratory: Experiments at FAIR and NICA
The poorly known properties of high-density strongly-interacting matter govern the structure of neutron stars and the dynamics of neutron star mergers. New insight has been and will be gained by astronomical observations, such as the measurement of mass and radius of neutron stars, and the detection...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Universe |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1997/7/6/171 |
| _version_ | 1797531991700144128 |
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| author | Peter Senger |
| author_facet | Peter Senger |
| author_sort | Peter Senger |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The poorly known properties of high-density strongly-interacting matter govern the structure of neutron stars and the dynamics of neutron star mergers. New insight has been and will be gained by astronomical observations, such as the measurement of mass and radius of neutron stars, and the detection of gravitational waves emitted from neutron star mergers. Alternatively, information on the Nuclear Matter Equation-of-State (EOS) and on a possible phase transition from hadronic to quark matter at high baryon densities can be obtained from laboratory experiments investigating heavy-ion collisions. Detector systems dedicated to such experiments are under construction at the “Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research” (FAIR) in Darmstadt, Germany, and at the “Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility” (NICA) in Dubna, Russia. In heavy-ion collisions at these accelerator centers, one expects the creation of baryon densities of up to 10 times saturation density, where quark degrees-of-freedom should emerge. This article reviews the most promising observables in heavy-ion collisions, which are used to probe the high-density EOS and possible phase transition from hadronic to quark matter. Finally, the facilities and the experimental setups will be briefly described. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:52:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-74a1da8a9e9b407bbb5345672518ce52 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-1997 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:52:41Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Universe |
| spelling | doaj.art-74a1da8a9e9b407bbb5345672518ce522023-11-21T22:06:34ZengMDPI AGUniverse2218-19972021-05-017617110.3390/universe7060171Probing Dense Nuclear Matter in the Laboratory: Experiments at FAIR and NICAPeter Senger0Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research, 64291 Darmstadt, GermanyThe poorly known properties of high-density strongly-interacting matter govern the structure of neutron stars and the dynamics of neutron star mergers. New insight has been and will be gained by astronomical observations, such as the measurement of mass and radius of neutron stars, and the detection of gravitational waves emitted from neutron star mergers. Alternatively, information on the Nuclear Matter Equation-of-State (EOS) and on a possible phase transition from hadronic to quark matter at high baryon densities can be obtained from laboratory experiments investigating heavy-ion collisions. Detector systems dedicated to such experiments are under construction at the “Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research” (FAIR) in Darmstadt, Germany, and at the “Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility” (NICA) in Dubna, Russia. In heavy-ion collisions at these accelerator centers, one expects the creation of baryon densities of up to 10 times saturation density, where quark degrees-of-freedom should emerge. This article reviews the most promising observables in heavy-ion collisions, which are used to probe the high-density EOS and possible phase transition from hadronic to quark matter. Finally, the facilities and the experimental setups will be briefly described.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1997/7/6/171heavy-ion collisionsnuclear equation-of-stateQCD phase diagram |
| spellingShingle | Peter Senger Probing Dense Nuclear Matter in the Laboratory: Experiments at FAIR and NICA Universe heavy-ion collisions nuclear equation-of-state QCD phase diagram |
| title | Probing Dense Nuclear Matter in the Laboratory: Experiments at FAIR and NICA |
| title_full | Probing Dense Nuclear Matter in the Laboratory: Experiments at FAIR and NICA |
| title_fullStr | Probing Dense Nuclear Matter in the Laboratory: Experiments at FAIR and NICA |
| title_full_unstemmed | Probing Dense Nuclear Matter in the Laboratory: Experiments at FAIR and NICA |
| title_short | Probing Dense Nuclear Matter in the Laboratory: Experiments at FAIR and NICA |
| title_sort | probing dense nuclear matter in the laboratory experiments at fair and nica |
| topic | heavy-ion collisions nuclear equation-of-state QCD phase diagram |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1997/7/6/171 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT petersenger probingdensenuclearmatterinthelaboratoryexperimentsatfairandnica |