Gender Differential Transcriptome in Gastric and Thyroid Cancers
Cancer has an important and considerable gender differential susceptibility confirmed by several epidemiological studies. Gastric (GC) and thyroid cancer (TC) are examples of malignancies with a higher incidence in males and females, respectively. Beyond environmental predisposing factors, it is exp...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Genetics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fgene.2020.00808/full |
| _version_ | 1818154163857522688 |
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| author | Abel Sousa Abel Sousa Abel Sousa Abel Sousa Marta Ferreira Marta Ferreira Carla Oliveira Carla Oliveira Carla Oliveira Pedro G. Ferreira Pedro G. Ferreira Pedro G. Ferreira Pedro G. Ferreira |
| author_facet | Abel Sousa Abel Sousa Abel Sousa Abel Sousa Marta Ferreira Marta Ferreira Carla Oliveira Carla Oliveira Carla Oliveira Pedro G. Ferreira Pedro G. Ferreira Pedro G. Ferreira Pedro G. Ferreira |
| author_sort | Abel Sousa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cancer has an important and considerable gender differential susceptibility confirmed by several epidemiological studies. Gastric (GC) and thyroid cancer (TC) are examples of malignancies with a higher incidence in males and females, respectively. Beyond environmental predisposing factors, it is expected that gender-specific gene deregulation contributes to this differential incidence. We performed a detailed characterization of the transcriptomic differences between genders in normal and tumor tissues from stomach and thyroid using Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data. We found hundreds of sex-biased genes (SBGs). Most of the SBGs shared by normal and tumor belong to sexual chromosomes, while the normal and tumor-specific tend to be found in the autosomes. Expression of several cancer-associated genes is also found to differ between sexes in both types of tissue. Thousands of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between paired tumor–normal tissues were identified in GC and TC. For both cancers, in the most susceptible gender, the DEGs were mostly under-expressed in the tumor tissue, with an enrichment for tumor-suppressor genes (TSGs). Moreover, we found gene networks preferentially associated to males in GC and to females in TC and correlated with cancer histological subtypes. Our results shed light on the molecular differences and commonalities between genders and provide novel insights in the differential risk underlying these cancers. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T14:22:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-74a4633b9deb4a4a8ce2f4b555b7b3a5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-8021 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T14:22:09Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Genetics |
| spelling | doaj.art-74a4633b9deb4a4a8ce2f4b555b7b3a52022-12-22T01:02:52ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Genetics1664-80212020-07-011110.3389/fgene.2020.00808537330Gender Differential Transcriptome in Gastric and Thyroid CancersAbel Sousa0Abel Sousa1Abel Sousa2Abel Sousa3Marta Ferreira4Marta Ferreira5Carla Oliveira6Carla Oliveira7Carla Oliveira8Pedro G. Ferreira9Pedro G. Ferreira10Pedro G. Ferreira11Pedro G. Ferreira12Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde da Universidade do Porto, Porto, PortugalInstitute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, PortugalGraduate Program in Areas of Basic and Applied Biology, Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Porto, Porto, PortugalEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, United KingdomInstituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde da Universidade do Porto, Porto, PortugalInstitute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, PortugalInstituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde da Universidade do Porto, Porto, PortugalInstitute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, PortugalFaculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, PortugalInstituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde da Universidade do Porto, Porto, PortugalInstitute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, PortugalDepartment of Computer Science, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto, Porto, PortugalLaboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support, Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science, Porto, PortugalCancer has an important and considerable gender differential susceptibility confirmed by several epidemiological studies. Gastric (GC) and thyroid cancer (TC) are examples of malignancies with a higher incidence in males and females, respectively. Beyond environmental predisposing factors, it is expected that gender-specific gene deregulation contributes to this differential incidence. We performed a detailed characterization of the transcriptomic differences between genders in normal and tumor tissues from stomach and thyroid using Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data. We found hundreds of sex-biased genes (SBGs). Most of the SBGs shared by normal and tumor belong to sexual chromosomes, while the normal and tumor-specific tend to be found in the autosomes. Expression of several cancer-associated genes is also found to differ between sexes in both types of tissue. Thousands of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between paired tumor–normal tissues were identified in GC and TC. For both cancers, in the most susceptible gender, the DEGs were mostly under-expressed in the tumor tissue, with an enrichment for tumor-suppressor genes (TSGs). Moreover, we found gene networks preferentially associated to males in GC and to females in TC and correlated with cancer histological subtypes. Our results shed light on the molecular differences and commonalities between genders and provide novel insights in the differential risk underlying these cancers.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fgene.2020.00808/fullgastric cancerthyroid cancergender differencesRNA-seqThe Cancer Genome AtlasGenotype-Tissue Expression |
| spellingShingle | Abel Sousa Abel Sousa Abel Sousa Abel Sousa Marta Ferreira Marta Ferreira Carla Oliveira Carla Oliveira Carla Oliveira Pedro G. Ferreira Pedro G. Ferreira Pedro G. Ferreira Pedro G. Ferreira Gender Differential Transcriptome in Gastric and Thyroid Cancers Frontiers in Genetics gastric cancer thyroid cancer gender differences RNA-seq The Cancer Genome Atlas Genotype-Tissue Expression |
| title | Gender Differential Transcriptome in Gastric and Thyroid Cancers |
| title_full | Gender Differential Transcriptome in Gastric and Thyroid Cancers |
| title_fullStr | Gender Differential Transcriptome in Gastric and Thyroid Cancers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gender Differential Transcriptome in Gastric and Thyroid Cancers |
| title_short | Gender Differential Transcriptome in Gastric and Thyroid Cancers |
| title_sort | gender differential transcriptome in gastric and thyroid cancers |
| topic | gastric cancer thyroid cancer gender differences RNA-seq The Cancer Genome Atlas Genotype-Tissue Expression |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fgene.2020.00808/full |
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