Hyponatremia, acute kidney injury, and mortality in HIV-related toxoplasmic encephalitis
Background: There are no reports on hyponatremia and acute kidney injury (AKI) involved in the course of HIV-related toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE). The main objective of this study was to describe the occurrence of hyponatremia and its relationship with AKI and mortality in HIV-related toxoplasmic e...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2012-11-01
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| Series: | Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1413867012001997 |
| _version_ | 1819061641841475584 |
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| author | Alexandre B. Libório Geraldo B. Silva Jr Carolina G.C.H. Silva Francisco J.C. Lima Filho Adalberto Studart Neto Willy Okoba Veralice M.S. de Bruin Sônia M.H.A. Araújo Elizabeth F. Daher |
| author_facet | Alexandre B. Libório Geraldo B. Silva Jr Carolina G.C.H. Silva Francisco J.C. Lima Filho Adalberto Studart Neto Willy Okoba Veralice M.S. de Bruin Sônia M.H.A. Araújo Elizabeth F. Daher |
| author_sort | Alexandre B. Libório |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: There are no reports on hyponatremia and acute kidney injury (AKI) involved in the course of HIV-related toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE). The main objective of this study was to describe the occurrence of hyponatremia and its relationship with AKI and mortality in HIV-related toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE). Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study on patients with HIV-related TE. AKI was considered only when the RIFLE (risk, injury, failure, loss, end-stage) criterion was met, after the patient was admitted. Results: A total of 92 patients were included, with a mean age of 36 ± 9 years. Hyponatremia at admission was observed in 43 patients (46.7%), with AKI developing in 25 (27.1%) patients during their hospitalization. Sulfadiazine was the treatment of choice in 81% of the cases. Death occurred in 13 cases (14.1%). Low serum sodium level correlated directly with AKI and mortality. Male gender (OR 7.89, 95% CI 1.22-50.90, p = 0.03) and hyponatremia at admission (OR 4.73, 95% CI 1.22-18.30, p = 0.02) were predictors for AKI. Independent risk factors for death were AKI (OR 8.3, 95% CI 1.4-48.2, p < 0.0001) and hyponatremia (OR 9.9, 95% CI 1.2-96.3, p < 0.0001). Conclusion: AKI and hyponatremia are frequent in TE. Hyponatremia on admission is highly associated with AKI and mortality. Keywords: Toxoplasmosis, Encephalitis, Hyponatremia, Acute kidney injury, HIV, Mortality |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T14:46:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-74bfafa1c89d425c97be11d1eb55cdf2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1413-8670 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T14:46:07Z |
| publishDate | 2012-11-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-74bfafa1c89d425c97be11d1eb55cdf22022-12-21T19:00:01ZengElsevierBrazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases1413-86702012-11-01166558563Hyponatremia, acute kidney injury, and mortality in HIV-related toxoplasmic encephalitisAlexandre B. Libório0Geraldo B. Silva Jr1Carolina G.C.H. Silva2Francisco J.C. Lima Filho3Adalberto Studart Neto4Willy Okoba5Veralice M.S. de Bruin6Sônia M.H.A. Araújo7Elizabeth F. Daher8School of Medicine, Health Sciences Center, Universidade de Fortaleza, Fortaleza, CE, BrazilSchool of Medicine, Health Sciences Center, Universidade de Fortaleza, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, BrazilDepartment of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, BrazilDepartment of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, BrazilDepartment of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, BrazilDepartment of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, BrazilDepartment of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, BrazilDepartment of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, BrazilDepartment of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Corresponding author at: Rua Vicente Linhares, 1198 Fortaleza, 60270-135, CE, Brazil.Background: There are no reports on hyponatremia and acute kidney injury (AKI) involved in the course of HIV-related toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE). The main objective of this study was to describe the occurrence of hyponatremia and its relationship with AKI and mortality in HIV-related toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE). Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study on patients with HIV-related TE. AKI was considered only when the RIFLE (risk, injury, failure, loss, end-stage) criterion was met, after the patient was admitted. Results: A total of 92 patients were included, with a mean age of 36 ± 9 years. Hyponatremia at admission was observed in 43 patients (46.7%), with AKI developing in 25 (27.1%) patients during their hospitalization. Sulfadiazine was the treatment of choice in 81% of the cases. Death occurred in 13 cases (14.1%). Low serum sodium level correlated directly with AKI and mortality. Male gender (OR 7.89, 95% CI 1.22-50.90, p = 0.03) and hyponatremia at admission (OR 4.73, 95% CI 1.22-18.30, p = 0.02) were predictors for AKI. Independent risk factors for death were AKI (OR 8.3, 95% CI 1.4-48.2, p < 0.0001) and hyponatremia (OR 9.9, 95% CI 1.2-96.3, p < 0.0001). Conclusion: AKI and hyponatremia are frequent in TE. Hyponatremia on admission is highly associated with AKI and mortality. Keywords: Toxoplasmosis, Encephalitis, Hyponatremia, Acute kidney injury, HIV, Mortalityhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1413867012001997 |
| spellingShingle | Alexandre B. Libório Geraldo B. Silva Jr Carolina G.C.H. Silva Francisco J.C. Lima Filho Adalberto Studart Neto Willy Okoba Veralice M.S. de Bruin Sônia M.H.A. Araújo Elizabeth F. Daher Hyponatremia, acute kidney injury, and mortality in HIV-related toxoplasmic encephalitis Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases |
| title | Hyponatremia, acute kidney injury, and mortality in HIV-related toxoplasmic encephalitis |
| title_full | Hyponatremia, acute kidney injury, and mortality in HIV-related toxoplasmic encephalitis |
| title_fullStr | Hyponatremia, acute kidney injury, and mortality in HIV-related toxoplasmic encephalitis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hyponatremia, acute kidney injury, and mortality in HIV-related toxoplasmic encephalitis |
| title_short | Hyponatremia, acute kidney injury, and mortality in HIV-related toxoplasmic encephalitis |
| title_sort | hyponatremia acute kidney injury and mortality in hiv related toxoplasmic encephalitis |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1413867012001997 |
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