Influence of lactic-acid bacteria feed supplementation on free amino acid levels in serum and feces of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum 1792)
IntroductionThe influence of intestinal microbiota, particularly lactic-acid bacteria, on digestion and nutrient metabolic activities has been extensively studied. In this research, we investigated the effects of supplementing the feed of rainbow trout (O. mykiss) with P. acidilactici or L. lactis p...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2023.1216488/full |
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| author | Gabriel R. A. Carneiro Constanza Opazo Gustavo Ramalho Cardoso Do Santos Henrique Marcelo Gualberto Pereira Gustavo Monnerat Gustavo Monnerat Rafael Opazo |
| author_facet | Gabriel R. A. Carneiro Constanza Opazo Gustavo Ramalho Cardoso Do Santos Henrique Marcelo Gualberto Pereira Gustavo Monnerat Gustavo Monnerat Rafael Opazo |
| author_sort | Gabriel R. A. Carneiro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionThe influence of intestinal microbiota, particularly lactic-acid bacteria, on digestion and nutrient metabolic activities has been extensively studied. In this research, we investigated the effects of supplementing the feed of rainbow trout (O. mykiss) with P. acidilactici or L. lactis probiotics. A Control group without probiotic supplementation was also included. The study aimed to evaluate growth, feed conversion indices, free amino acid levels in serum and feces, and the relative gene expression of amino acid solute carrier transporters (SLC).MethodsRainbow trout weighing 73.9±10 g were fed with a basal commercial diet supplemented with mono-strains of P. acidilactici or L. lactis at a dosage of 5 x 108 CFU per gram of feed for 60 days. The trout were reared in 100-liter tanks with independent closed recirculation systems, with a water replacement rate of 80% of the total volume daily and a controlled temperature of 15 ± 0.3 °C. The proximate composition of the basal diet consisted of crude protein (49.8%), fat (32.1%), fiber (1.31%), ash (13%), and moisture (8.3%) on a dry matter basis. The diet was provided at a rate of 2% of bodyweight per day.ResultsNo significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed in growth and feed conversion indices between the experimental groups. However, significant differences in free amino acid levels in feces and serum samples (p ≤ 0.05) were observed. The P. acidilactici group exhibited significantly higher levels of glutamate, lysine, proline, and tyrosine in feces samples, and higher levels of arginine, iso/leucine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, threonine, and valine in serum samples compared to the Control group. Additionally, the supplemented probiotic groups showed significant downregulation (p ≤ 0.05) of theslc6a19 and slc7a9 genes, which encode transporters for neutral and cationic amino acids.DiscussionThe autochthonous rainbow trout strain, P. acidilactici, demonstrated more pronounced effects on amino acid levels in feces and serum compared to the non-autochthonous L. lactis strain. However, the increased amino acid levels, particularly in the serum, resulting from P. acidilactici supplementation, did not lead to improved trout growth or feed conversion. Nonetheless, lactic-acid bacteria supplementation induced measurable metabolic effects, as evidenced by elevated levels of specific amino acids in the serum and feces.Future research should focus on evaluating these probiotic effects using specialized diets and considering the observed metabolic effects in this study. |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T01:11:46Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-74c5c1f6d2e64d0db8d35f76066e94a92023-07-05T17:52:59ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Marine Science2296-77452023-07-011010.3389/fmars.2023.12164881216488Influence of lactic-acid bacteria feed supplementation on free amino acid levels in serum and feces of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum 1792)Gabriel R. A. Carneiro0Constanza Opazo1Gustavo Ramalho Cardoso Do Santos2Henrique Marcelo Gualberto Pereira3Gustavo Monnerat4Gustavo Monnerat5Rafael Opazo6Brazilian Doping Control Laboratory (LBCD - Laboratório de Apoio Desenvolvimento Tecnológico (LADETEC)/IQ - UFRJ), Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilLaboratorio de Biotecnologia, Instituto de Nutrición y tecnología de los alimentos (INTA) – University of Chile, Santiago, ChileBrazilian Doping Control Laboratory (LBCD - Laboratório de Apoio Desenvolvimento Tecnológico (LADETEC)/IQ - UFRJ), Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilBrazilian Doping Control Laboratory (LBCD - Laboratório de Apoio Desenvolvimento Tecnológico (LADETEC)/IQ - UFRJ), Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilInstitute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilLaboratory of Proteomics, LADETEC, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilLaboratorio de Biotecnologia, Instituto de Nutrición y tecnología de los alimentos (INTA) – University of Chile, Santiago, ChileIntroductionThe influence of intestinal microbiota, particularly lactic-acid bacteria, on digestion and nutrient metabolic activities has been extensively studied. In this research, we investigated the effects of supplementing the feed of rainbow trout (O. mykiss) with P. acidilactici or L. lactis probiotics. A Control group without probiotic supplementation was also included. The study aimed to evaluate growth, feed conversion indices, free amino acid levels in serum and feces, and the relative gene expression of amino acid solute carrier transporters (SLC).MethodsRainbow trout weighing 73.9±10 g were fed with a basal commercial diet supplemented with mono-strains of P. acidilactici or L. lactis at a dosage of 5 x 108 CFU per gram of feed for 60 days. The trout were reared in 100-liter tanks with independent closed recirculation systems, with a water replacement rate of 80% of the total volume daily and a controlled temperature of 15 ± 0.3 °C. The proximate composition of the basal diet consisted of crude protein (49.8%), fat (32.1%), fiber (1.31%), ash (13%), and moisture (8.3%) on a dry matter basis. The diet was provided at a rate of 2% of bodyweight per day.ResultsNo significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed in growth and feed conversion indices between the experimental groups. However, significant differences in free amino acid levels in feces and serum samples (p ≤ 0.05) were observed. The P. acidilactici group exhibited significantly higher levels of glutamate, lysine, proline, and tyrosine in feces samples, and higher levels of arginine, iso/leucine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, threonine, and valine in serum samples compared to the Control group. Additionally, the supplemented probiotic groups showed significant downregulation (p ≤ 0.05) of theslc6a19 and slc7a9 genes, which encode transporters for neutral and cationic amino acids.DiscussionThe autochthonous rainbow trout strain, P. acidilactici, demonstrated more pronounced effects on amino acid levels in feces and serum compared to the non-autochthonous L. lactis strain. However, the increased amino acid levels, particularly in the serum, resulting from P. acidilactici supplementation, did not lead to improved trout growth or feed conversion. Nonetheless, lactic-acid bacteria supplementation induced measurable metabolic effects, as evidenced by elevated levels of specific amino acids in the serum and feces.Future research should focus on evaluating these probiotic effects using specialized diets and considering the observed metabolic effects in this study.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2023.1216488/fullprobioticsamino acidsPediococcus acidilacticiLactococcus lactisSLC genesOncorhynchus mykiss |
| spellingShingle | Gabriel R. A. Carneiro Constanza Opazo Gustavo Ramalho Cardoso Do Santos Henrique Marcelo Gualberto Pereira Gustavo Monnerat Gustavo Monnerat Rafael Opazo Influence of lactic-acid bacteria feed supplementation on free amino acid levels in serum and feces of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum 1792) Frontiers in Marine Science probiotics amino acids Pediococcus acidilactici Lactococcus lactis SLC genes Oncorhynchus mykiss |
| title | Influence of lactic-acid bacteria feed supplementation on free amino acid levels in serum and feces of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum 1792) |
| title_full | Influence of lactic-acid bacteria feed supplementation on free amino acid levels in serum and feces of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum 1792) |
| title_fullStr | Influence of lactic-acid bacteria feed supplementation on free amino acid levels in serum and feces of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum 1792) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of lactic-acid bacteria feed supplementation on free amino acid levels in serum and feces of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum 1792) |
| title_short | Influence of lactic-acid bacteria feed supplementation on free amino acid levels in serum and feces of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum 1792) |
| title_sort | influence of lactic acid bacteria feed supplementation on free amino acid levels in serum and feces of rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss walbaum 1792 |
| topic | probiotics amino acids Pediococcus acidilactici Lactococcus lactis SLC genes Oncorhynchus mykiss |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2023.1216488/full |
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