Depleted iron stores in voluntary blood donors: A three-center cross-sectional study in Ghana
Background: Blood donation is frequently associated with iron deficiency. Although iron deficiency is endemic in Ghana, there is a scarcity of data on iron stores in blood donors to inform donor recruitment policy. This study determined the prevalence and factors predictive of depleted iron stores i...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2020-01-01
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| Series: | Asian Journal of Transfusion Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.ajts.org/article.asp?issn=0973-6247;year=2020;volume=14;issue=2;spage=149;epage=157;aulast=Adu |
| _version_ | 1818426630985482240 |
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| author | Patrick Adu David Bennin Richard Ato Edzie Ama Gyasiwaah Owusu-Poku Toniah Umar Hakeem Glory Obadiah Baba Emmanuel Kobina Mesi Edzie |
| author_facet | Patrick Adu David Bennin Richard Ato Edzie Ama Gyasiwaah Owusu-Poku Toniah Umar Hakeem Glory Obadiah Baba Emmanuel Kobina Mesi Edzie |
| author_sort | Patrick Adu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Blood donation is frequently associated with iron deficiency. Although iron deficiency is endemic in Ghana, there is a scarcity of data on iron stores in blood donors to inform donor recruitment policy. This study determined the prevalence and factors predictive of depleted iron stores in blood donors.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 287 blood donors from three regions in Ghana. Venous blood samples were collected for estimation of C-reactive protein, full blood count, and serum ferritin. Questionnaires were used to capture sociodemographic data. Data were analyzed using SPSS or GraphPad Prism. Multivariate logistic regression and receiver operator characteristics (ROC) analyses were, respectively, used to determine the factors associated with depleted iron stores or sensitivities of calculated red cell indices in predicting depleted iron stores in the participants.
Results: Whereas 27.4% of the blood donors had depleted iron stores (ferritin <15 ng/dL), only 11% took iron supplementation. While ferritin levels significantly increased with age, 49.5% of the blood donors were aged 20–29 years. Whereas 39.5% of participants had never donated blood, 24.9% had donated ≥3 units of whole blood in the past 2 years. Female (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 7.407, P = 0.005), multiple previous donations (1–2 [aOR: 1.846, P = 0.431]; ≥3 [aOR: 6.297, P = 0.016]), no iron supplementation (aOR: 17.553, P = 0.078), or platelet count ≥150 × 109/L (aOR: 2.689, P = 0.354) significantly associated with iron depletion. ROC analyses showed that whereas mean cell hemoglobin (MCH) density (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.735, P < 0.01), MCH (AUC: 0.772, P < 0.01) or Shine and Lal (AUC: 0.736, P < 0.01) fairly predicted iron depletion, combined cell index (AUC: 0.660, P < 0.01) or Green and King (AUC: 0.603, P < 0.01) indices poorly predicted iron depletion.
Conclusions: More than quarter of voluntary blood donors suffers postdonation sideropenia. Calculated red cell indices should be investigated in different settings to validate usefulness in detecting iron depletion. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T14:32:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-74c84bac968d49bba932726e84e71fa6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0973-6247 1998-3565 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T14:32:54Z |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Asian Journal of Transfusion Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-74c84bac968d49bba932726e84e71fa62022-12-21T22:57:45ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsAsian Journal of Transfusion Science0973-62471998-35652020-01-0114214915710.4103/ajts.AJTS_112_18Depleted iron stores in voluntary blood donors: A three-center cross-sectional study in GhanaPatrick AduDavid BenninRichard Ato EdzieAma Gyasiwaah Owusu-PokuToniah Umar HakeemGlory Obadiah BabaEmmanuel Kobina Mesi EdzieBackground: Blood donation is frequently associated with iron deficiency. Although iron deficiency is endemic in Ghana, there is a scarcity of data on iron stores in blood donors to inform donor recruitment policy. This study determined the prevalence and factors predictive of depleted iron stores in blood donors. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 287 blood donors from three regions in Ghana. Venous blood samples were collected for estimation of C-reactive protein, full blood count, and serum ferritin. Questionnaires were used to capture sociodemographic data. Data were analyzed using SPSS or GraphPad Prism. Multivariate logistic regression and receiver operator characteristics (ROC) analyses were, respectively, used to determine the factors associated with depleted iron stores or sensitivities of calculated red cell indices in predicting depleted iron stores in the participants. Results: Whereas 27.4% of the blood donors had depleted iron stores (ferritin <15 ng/dL), only 11% took iron supplementation. While ferritin levels significantly increased with age, 49.5% of the blood donors were aged 20–29 years. Whereas 39.5% of participants had never donated blood, 24.9% had donated ≥3 units of whole blood in the past 2 years. Female (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 7.407, P = 0.005), multiple previous donations (1–2 [aOR: 1.846, P = 0.431]; ≥3 [aOR: 6.297, P = 0.016]), no iron supplementation (aOR: 17.553, P = 0.078), or platelet count ≥150 × 109/L (aOR: 2.689, P = 0.354) significantly associated with iron depletion. ROC analyses showed that whereas mean cell hemoglobin (MCH) density (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.735, P < 0.01), MCH (AUC: 0.772, P < 0.01) or Shine and Lal (AUC: 0.736, P < 0.01) fairly predicted iron depletion, combined cell index (AUC: 0.660, P < 0.01) or Green and King (AUC: 0.603, P < 0.01) indices poorly predicted iron depletion. Conclusions: More than quarter of voluntary blood donors suffers postdonation sideropenia. Calculated red cell indices should be investigated in different settings to validate usefulness in detecting iron depletion.http://www.ajts.org/article.asp?issn=0973-6247;year=2020;volume=14;issue=2;spage=149;epage=157;aulast=Adublood donorscalculated red cell indicesdepleted iron storesserum ferritin |
| spellingShingle | Patrick Adu David Bennin Richard Ato Edzie Ama Gyasiwaah Owusu-Poku Toniah Umar Hakeem Glory Obadiah Baba Emmanuel Kobina Mesi Edzie Depleted iron stores in voluntary blood donors: A three-center cross-sectional study in Ghana Asian Journal of Transfusion Science blood donors calculated red cell indices depleted iron stores serum ferritin |
| title | Depleted iron stores in voluntary blood donors: A three-center cross-sectional study in Ghana |
| title_full | Depleted iron stores in voluntary blood donors: A three-center cross-sectional study in Ghana |
| title_fullStr | Depleted iron stores in voluntary blood donors: A three-center cross-sectional study in Ghana |
| title_full_unstemmed | Depleted iron stores in voluntary blood donors: A three-center cross-sectional study in Ghana |
| title_short | Depleted iron stores in voluntary blood donors: A three-center cross-sectional study in Ghana |
| title_sort | depleted iron stores in voluntary blood donors a three center cross sectional study in ghana |
| topic | blood donors calculated red cell indices depleted iron stores serum ferritin |
| url | http://www.ajts.org/article.asp?issn=0973-6247;year=2020;volume=14;issue=2;spage=149;epage=157;aulast=Adu |
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