Media Screening for Obtaining Haematococcus pluvialis Red Motile Macrozooids Rich in Astaxanthin and Fatty Acids
Astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis is commercially produced in a two-stage process, involving green vegetative (macrozooid) and red aplanospore stages. This approach has been scaled up to an industrial process but constraints limit its commercial success and profitability, including: contamina...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2017-12-01
|
| Series: | Biology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/7/1/2 |
| _version_ | 1797762596245340160 |
|---|---|
| author | Thomas O. Butler Gordon J. McDougall Raymond Campbell Michele S. Stanley John G. Day |
| author_facet | Thomas O. Butler Gordon J. McDougall Raymond Campbell Michele S. Stanley John G. Day |
| author_sort | Thomas O. Butler |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis is commercially produced in a two-stage process, involving green vegetative (macrozooid) and red aplanospore stages. This approach has been scaled up to an industrial process but constraints limit its commercial success and profitability, including: contamination issues, high pigment extraction costs, requirements for high light levels and photo-bleaching in the red stage. However, in addition to the aplanospore stage, this alga can produce astaxanthin in vegetative palmelloid and motile macrozooid cells. In this study, a two-stage process utilising different media in the green stage, with subsequent re-suspension in medium without nitrate was employed to optimise the formation of red motile macrozooids. Optimal growth in the green phase was obtained on cultivation under mixotrophic conditions in EG:JM media followed by re-suspension in medium without nitrate resulting in red motile macrozooids with an astaxanthin content of 2.74% (78.4% of total carotenoids) and a lipid content of 35.3% (rich in unsaturated fatty acids. It is envisaged that the red motile macrozooids could be harvested and fed as a whole-cell product directly in the animal feed and aquaculture sectors, or used as a blend of carotenoids and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in nutraceutical products. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T19:30:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-74ca909b22df41bfbd67cc16f3b4db0a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-7737 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T19:30:37Z |
| publishDate | 2017-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-74ca909b22df41bfbd67cc16f3b4db0a2023-08-02T04:35:30ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372017-12-0171210.3390/biology7010002biology7010002Media Screening for Obtaining Haematococcus pluvialis Red Motile Macrozooids Rich in Astaxanthin and Fatty AcidsThomas O. Butler0Gordon J. McDougall1Raymond Campbell2Michele S. Stanley3John G. Day4Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Sheffield University, Sheffield S1 3JD, UKThe James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UKThe James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UKScottish Association for Marine Science, Scottish Marine Institute, Oban PA37 1QA, UKScottish Association for Marine Science, Scottish Marine Institute, Oban PA37 1QA, UKAstaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis is commercially produced in a two-stage process, involving green vegetative (macrozooid) and red aplanospore stages. This approach has been scaled up to an industrial process but constraints limit its commercial success and profitability, including: contamination issues, high pigment extraction costs, requirements for high light levels and photo-bleaching in the red stage. However, in addition to the aplanospore stage, this alga can produce astaxanthin in vegetative palmelloid and motile macrozooid cells. In this study, a two-stage process utilising different media in the green stage, with subsequent re-suspension in medium without nitrate was employed to optimise the formation of red motile macrozooids. Optimal growth in the green phase was obtained on cultivation under mixotrophic conditions in EG:JM media followed by re-suspension in medium without nitrate resulting in red motile macrozooids with an astaxanthin content of 2.74% (78.4% of total carotenoids) and a lipid content of 35.3% (rich in unsaturated fatty acids. It is envisaged that the red motile macrozooids could be harvested and fed as a whole-cell product directly in the animal feed and aquaculture sectors, or used as a blend of carotenoids and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in nutraceutical products.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/7/1/2algal biotechnologyastaxanthincarotenoidsfatty acidsHaematococcusred motile macrozooids |
| spellingShingle | Thomas O. Butler Gordon J. McDougall Raymond Campbell Michele S. Stanley John G. Day Media Screening for Obtaining Haematococcus pluvialis Red Motile Macrozooids Rich in Astaxanthin and Fatty Acids Biology algal biotechnology astaxanthin carotenoids fatty acids Haematococcus red motile macrozooids |
| title | Media Screening for Obtaining Haematococcus pluvialis Red Motile Macrozooids Rich in Astaxanthin and Fatty Acids |
| title_full | Media Screening for Obtaining Haematococcus pluvialis Red Motile Macrozooids Rich in Astaxanthin and Fatty Acids |
| title_fullStr | Media Screening for Obtaining Haematococcus pluvialis Red Motile Macrozooids Rich in Astaxanthin and Fatty Acids |
| title_full_unstemmed | Media Screening for Obtaining Haematococcus pluvialis Red Motile Macrozooids Rich in Astaxanthin and Fatty Acids |
| title_short | Media Screening for Obtaining Haematococcus pluvialis Red Motile Macrozooids Rich in Astaxanthin and Fatty Acids |
| title_sort | media screening for obtaining haematococcus pluvialis red motile macrozooids rich in astaxanthin and fatty acids |
| topic | algal biotechnology astaxanthin carotenoids fatty acids Haematococcus red motile macrozooids |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/7/1/2 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT thomasobutler mediascreeningforobtaininghaematococcuspluvialisredmotilemacrozooidsrichinastaxanthinandfattyacids AT gordonjmcdougall mediascreeningforobtaininghaematococcuspluvialisredmotilemacrozooidsrichinastaxanthinandfattyacids AT raymondcampbell mediascreeningforobtaininghaematococcuspluvialisredmotilemacrozooidsrichinastaxanthinandfattyacids AT michelesstanley mediascreeningforobtaininghaematococcuspluvialisredmotilemacrozooidsrichinastaxanthinandfattyacids AT johngday mediascreeningforobtaininghaematococcuspluvialisredmotilemacrozooidsrichinastaxanthinandfattyacids |