The Association between Electronegative Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol L5 and Cognitive Functions in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment
L5, the most electronegative subfraction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), may play a role in the pathogenesis of cerebrovascular dysfunction and neurodegeneration. We hypothesized that serum L5 is associated with cognitive impairment and investigated the association between serum L5 l...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-01-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Personalized Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/13/2/192 |
| _version_ | 1797619971446013952 |
|---|---|
| author | Ping-Song Chou Sharon Chia-Ju Chen Chung-Yao Hsu Li-Min Liou Chi-Hung Juan Chiou-Lian Lai |
| author_facet | Ping-Song Chou Sharon Chia-Ju Chen Chung-Yao Hsu Li-Min Liou Chi-Hung Juan Chiou-Lian Lai |
| author_sort | Ping-Song Chou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | L5, the most electronegative subfraction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), may play a role in the pathogenesis of cerebrovascular dysfunction and neurodegeneration. We hypothesized that serum L5 is associated with cognitive impairment and investigated the association between serum L5 levels and cognitive performance in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). This cross-sectional study conducted in Taiwan included 22 patients with MCI and 40 older people with normal cognition (healthy controls). All participants were assessed with the Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI) and a CASI-estimated Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-CE). We compared the serum total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C, and L5 levels between the MCI and control groups and examined the association between lipid profiles and cognitive performance in these groups. The serum L5 concentration and total CASI scores were significantly negatively correlated in the MCI group. Serum L5% was negatively correlated with MMSE-CE and total CASI scores, particularly in the orientation and language subdomains. No significant correlation between the serum L5 level and cognitive performance was noted in the control group. Conclusions: Serum L5, instead of TC or total LDL-C, could be associated with cognitive impairment through a disease stage-dependent mode that occurs during neurodegeneration. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:34:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-74ce886699884107a9b5eefac38b22d4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4426 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:34:36Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Personalized Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-74ce886699884107a9b5eefac38b22d42023-11-16T21:32:02ZengMDPI AGJournal of Personalized Medicine2075-44262023-01-0113219210.3390/jpm13020192The Association between Electronegative Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol L5 and Cognitive Functions in Patients with Mild Cognitive ImpairmentPing-Song Chou0Sharon Chia-Ju Chen1Chung-Yao Hsu2Li-Min Liou3Chi-Hung Juan4Chiou-Lian Lai5Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, TaiwanDepartment of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807377, TaiwanDepartment of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, TaiwanDepartment of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, TaiwanInstitute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University, Taoyuan City 320317, TaiwanDepartment of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, TaiwanL5, the most electronegative subfraction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), may play a role in the pathogenesis of cerebrovascular dysfunction and neurodegeneration. We hypothesized that serum L5 is associated with cognitive impairment and investigated the association between serum L5 levels and cognitive performance in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). This cross-sectional study conducted in Taiwan included 22 patients with MCI and 40 older people with normal cognition (healthy controls). All participants were assessed with the Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI) and a CASI-estimated Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-CE). We compared the serum total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C, and L5 levels between the MCI and control groups and examined the association between lipid profiles and cognitive performance in these groups. The serum L5 concentration and total CASI scores were significantly negatively correlated in the MCI group. Serum L5% was negatively correlated with MMSE-CE and total CASI scores, particularly in the orientation and language subdomains. No significant correlation between the serum L5 level and cognitive performance was noted in the control group. Conclusions: Serum L5, instead of TC or total LDL-C, could be associated with cognitive impairment through a disease stage-dependent mode that occurs during neurodegeneration.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/13/2/192cognitive abilities screening instrumentelectronegative low-density lipoprotein cholesterolL5mild cognitive impairment |
| spellingShingle | Ping-Song Chou Sharon Chia-Ju Chen Chung-Yao Hsu Li-Min Liou Chi-Hung Juan Chiou-Lian Lai The Association between Electronegative Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol L5 and Cognitive Functions in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment Journal of Personalized Medicine cognitive abilities screening instrument electronegative low-density lipoprotein cholesterol L5 mild cognitive impairment |
| title | The Association between Electronegative Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol L5 and Cognitive Functions in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment |
| title_full | The Association between Electronegative Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol L5 and Cognitive Functions in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment |
| title_fullStr | The Association between Electronegative Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol L5 and Cognitive Functions in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Association between Electronegative Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol L5 and Cognitive Functions in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment |
| title_short | The Association between Electronegative Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol L5 and Cognitive Functions in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment |
| title_sort | association between electronegative low density lipoprotein cholesterol l5 and cognitive functions in patients with mild cognitive impairment |
| topic | cognitive abilities screening instrument electronegative low-density lipoprotein cholesterol L5 mild cognitive impairment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/13/2/192 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT pingsongchou theassociationbetweenelectronegativelowdensitylipoproteincholesteroll5andcognitivefunctionsinpatientswithmildcognitiveimpairment AT sharonchiajuchen theassociationbetweenelectronegativelowdensitylipoproteincholesteroll5andcognitivefunctionsinpatientswithmildcognitiveimpairment AT chungyaohsu theassociationbetweenelectronegativelowdensitylipoproteincholesteroll5andcognitivefunctionsinpatientswithmildcognitiveimpairment AT liminliou theassociationbetweenelectronegativelowdensitylipoproteincholesteroll5andcognitivefunctionsinpatientswithmildcognitiveimpairment AT chihungjuan theassociationbetweenelectronegativelowdensitylipoproteincholesteroll5andcognitivefunctionsinpatientswithmildcognitiveimpairment AT chioulianlai theassociationbetweenelectronegativelowdensitylipoproteincholesteroll5andcognitivefunctionsinpatientswithmildcognitiveimpairment AT pingsongchou associationbetweenelectronegativelowdensitylipoproteincholesteroll5andcognitivefunctionsinpatientswithmildcognitiveimpairment AT sharonchiajuchen associationbetweenelectronegativelowdensitylipoproteincholesteroll5andcognitivefunctionsinpatientswithmildcognitiveimpairment AT chungyaohsu associationbetweenelectronegativelowdensitylipoproteincholesteroll5andcognitivefunctionsinpatientswithmildcognitiveimpairment AT liminliou associationbetweenelectronegativelowdensitylipoproteincholesteroll5andcognitivefunctionsinpatientswithmildcognitiveimpairment AT chihungjuan associationbetweenelectronegativelowdensitylipoproteincholesteroll5andcognitivefunctionsinpatientswithmildcognitiveimpairment AT chioulianlai associationbetweenelectronegativelowdensitylipoproteincholesteroll5andcognitivefunctionsinpatientswithmildcognitiveimpairment |