Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Glyceryl 1,3-Distearate Identified from <i>Clinacanthus nutans</i> Extract against Bovine Mastitis Pathogens
<i>Clinacanthus nutans</i> is widely used as a traditional medicine in Thailand and other countries in Southeast Asia. Although its effectiveness is well documented, its therapeutic use is limited to the treatment of only a few diseases; mostly it is used as an anti-viral agent against v...
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/3/549 |
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| author | Saruda Thongyim Salinee Chiangchin Hataichanok Pandith Yingmanee Tragoolpua Siriphorn Jangsutthivorawat Aussara Panya |
| author_facet | Saruda Thongyim Salinee Chiangchin Hataichanok Pandith Yingmanee Tragoolpua Siriphorn Jangsutthivorawat Aussara Panya |
| author_sort | Saruda Thongyim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Clinacanthus nutans</i> is widely used as a traditional medicine in Thailand and other countries in Southeast Asia. Although its effectiveness is well documented, its therapeutic use is limited to the treatment of only a few diseases; mostly it is used as an anti-viral agent against varicella-zoster and herpes simplex virus infections. Herein, we demonstrate the therapeutic activity of <i>C. nutans</i> extracts in lowering inflammation in a model of bovine mastitis caused by bacterial infection. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a gram-negative bacterial component, caused inflammation activation in bovine endothelial cells (CPAE) through the upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines (<i>IL6</i> and <i>IL1β</i>) and chemokines (<i>CXCL3</i> and <i>CXCL8</i>) gene expression, partially leading to cell death. Treatment with <i>C. nutans</i> crude extract significantly diminished these responses in a dose-dependent manner. The solvent fractionation of <i>C. nutans</i> extract revealed that the ethyl acetate (C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>8</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) fractions had a high potential to protect against cell death and diminished <i>IL1β</i>, <i>IL6</i>, <i>CXCL3</i>, and <i>CXCL8</i> levels to less than 0.45 folds relative to the LPS-treated control. Glyceryl 1,3-distearate (C<sub>39</sub>H<sub>76</sub>O<sub>5</sub>) was identified as a bioactive compound responsible for the anti-inflammation activity but not the anti-cell death activity of <i>C. nutans</i> extract. This study highlighted the efficiency of <i>C. nutans extracts</i> as an alternative therapeutic option for the natural-product sustainable development of bovine mastitis treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:01:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-74dfa41d905743098426b46490c5a738 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:01:34Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-74dfa41d905743098426b46490c5a7382023-11-17T09:14:36ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822023-03-0112354910.3390/antibiotics12030549Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Glyceryl 1,3-Distearate Identified from <i>Clinacanthus nutans</i> Extract against Bovine Mastitis PathogensSaruda Thongyim0Salinee Chiangchin1Hataichanok Pandith2Yingmanee Tragoolpua3Siriphorn Jangsutthivorawat4Aussara Panya5Doctor of Philosophy Program in Biology (International Program), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, ThailandDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, ThailandDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, ThailandDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, ThailandDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, ThailandDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand<i>Clinacanthus nutans</i> is widely used as a traditional medicine in Thailand and other countries in Southeast Asia. Although its effectiveness is well documented, its therapeutic use is limited to the treatment of only a few diseases; mostly it is used as an anti-viral agent against varicella-zoster and herpes simplex virus infections. Herein, we demonstrate the therapeutic activity of <i>C. nutans</i> extracts in lowering inflammation in a model of bovine mastitis caused by bacterial infection. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a gram-negative bacterial component, caused inflammation activation in bovine endothelial cells (CPAE) through the upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines (<i>IL6</i> and <i>IL1β</i>) and chemokines (<i>CXCL3</i> and <i>CXCL8</i>) gene expression, partially leading to cell death. Treatment with <i>C. nutans</i> crude extract significantly diminished these responses in a dose-dependent manner. The solvent fractionation of <i>C. nutans</i> extract revealed that the ethyl acetate (C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>8</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) fractions had a high potential to protect against cell death and diminished <i>IL1β</i>, <i>IL6</i>, <i>CXCL3</i>, and <i>CXCL8</i> levels to less than 0.45 folds relative to the LPS-treated control. Glyceryl 1,3-distearate (C<sub>39</sub>H<sub>76</sub>O<sub>5</sub>) was identified as a bioactive compound responsible for the anti-inflammation activity but not the anti-cell death activity of <i>C. nutans</i> extract. This study highlighted the efficiency of <i>C. nutans extracts</i> as an alternative therapeutic option for the natural-product sustainable development of bovine mastitis treatment.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/3/549anti-inflammatory activitybovine mastitis<i>Clinacanthus nutans</i>LPS-induced cell deathplant extracts |
| spellingShingle | Saruda Thongyim Salinee Chiangchin Hataichanok Pandith Yingmanee Tragoolpua Siriphorn Jangsutthivorawat Aussara Panya Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Glyceryl 1,3-Distearate Identified from <i>Clinacanthus nutans</i> Extract against Bovine Mastitis Pathogens Antibiotics anti-inflammatory activity bovine mastitis <i>Clinacanthus nutans</i> LPS-induced cell death plant extracts |
| title | Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Glyceryl 1,3-Distearate Identified from <i>Clinacanthus nutans</i> Extract against Bovine Mastitis Pathogens |
| title_full | Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Glyceryl 1,3-Distearate Identified from <i>Clinacanthus nutans</i> Extract against Bovine Mastitis Pathogens |
| title_fullStr | Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Glyceryl 1,3-Distearate Identified from <i>Clinacanthus nutans</i> Extract against Bovine Mastitis Pathogens |
| title_full_unstemmed | Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Glyceryl 1,3-Distearate Identified from <i>Clinacanthus nutans</i> Extract against Bovine Mastitis Pathogens |
| title_short | Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Glyceryl 1,3-Distearate Identified from <i>Clinacanthus nutans</i> Extract against Bovine Mastitis Pathogens |
| title_sort | anti inflammatory activity of glyceryl 1 3 distearate identified from i clinacanthus nutans i extract against bovine mastitis pathogens |
| topic | anti-inflammatory activity bovine mastitis <i>Clinacanthus nutans</i> LPS-induced cell death plant extracts |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/3/549 |
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