First Report of the Detection of DENV1 in Human Blood Plasma with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
Dengue virus (DENV) is the world’s most common arboviral infection, with an estimated 3.9 million people at risk of the infection, 100 million symptomatic cases and 10,000 deaths per year. Current diagnosis for DENV includes the use of molecular methods, such as polymerase chain reaction, which can...
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/10/2248 |
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| author | Brendon Goh Paul Visendi Anton R. Lord Silvia Ciocchetta Wenjun Liu Maggy T. Sikulu-Lord |
| author_facet | Brendon Goh Paul Visendi Anton R. Lord Silvia Ciocchetta Wenjun Liu Maggy T. Sikulu-Lord |
| author_sort | Brendon Goh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Dengue virus (DENV) is the world’s most common arboviral infection, with an estimated 3.9 million people at risk of the infection, 100 million symptomatic cases and 10,000 deaths per year. Current diagnosis for DENV includes the use of molecular methods, such as polymerase chain reaction, which can be costly for routine use. The near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) technique is a high throughput technique that involves shining a beam of infrared light on a biological sample, collecting a reflectance spectrum, and using machine learning algorithms to develop predictive algorithms. Here, we used NIR to detect DENV1 artificially introduced into whole blood, plasma, and serum collected from human donors. Machine learning algorithms were developed using artificial neural networks (ANN) and the resultant models were used to predict independent samples. DENV in plasma samples was detected with an overall accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 90% (N = 56), 88.5% (N = 28) and 92.3% (N = 28), respectively. However, a predictive sensitivity of 33.3% (N = 16) and 80% (N = 10) and specificity of 46.7% (N = 16) and 32% (N = 10) was achieved for detecting DENV1 in whole blood and serum samples, respectively. DENV1 peaks observed at 812 nm and 819 nm represent C-H stretch, peaks at 1130–1142 nm are related to methyl group and peaks at 2127 nm are related to saturated fatty groups. Our findings indicate the potential of NIR as a diagnostic tool for DENV, however, further work is recommended to assess its sensitivity for detecting DENV in people naturally infected with the virus and to determine its capacity to differentiate DENV serotypes and other arboviruses. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:22:56Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:22:56Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-74ed278a17094f1fae19180ff253d4e12023-11-24T03:10:07ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152022-10-011410224810.3390/v14102248First Report of the Detection of DENV1 in Human Blood Plasma with Near-Infrared SpectroscopyBrendon Goh0Paul Visendi1Anton R. Lord2Silvia Ciocchetta3Wenjun Liu4Maggy T. Sikulu-Lord5School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4067, AustraliaSchool of Biology & Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4000, AustraliaCentre for Data Science, School of Computer Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4000, AustraliaUQ Spatial Epidemiology Laboratory, School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4113, AustraliaAustralian Defence Force, Malaria and Infectious Disease Institute, Brisbane 4051, AustraliaSchool of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4067, AustraliaDengue virus (DENV) is the world’s most common arboviral infection, with an estimated 3.9 million people at risk of the infection, 100 million symptomatic cases and 10,000 deaths per year. Current diagnosis for DENV includes the use of molecular methods, such as polymerase chain reaction, which can be costly for routine use. The near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) technique is a high throughput technique that involves shining a beam of infrared light on a biological sample, collecting a reflectance spectrum, and using machine learning algorithms to develop predictive algorithms. Here, we used NIR to detect DENV1 artificially introduced into whole blood, plasma, and serum collected from human donors. Machine learning algorithms were developed using artificial neural networks (ANN) and the resultant models were used to predict independent samples. DENV in plasma samples was detected with an overall accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 90% (N = 56), 88.5% (N = 28) and 92.3% (N = 28), respectively. However, a predictive sensitivity of 33.3% (N = 16) and 80% (N = 10) and specificity of 46.7% (N = 16) and 32% (N = 10) was achieved for detecting DENV1 in whole blood and serum samples, respectively. DENV1 peaks observed at 812 nm and 819 nm represent C-H stretch, peaks at 1130–1142 nm are related to methyl group and peaks at 2127 nm are related to saturated fatty groups. Our findings indicate the potential of NIR as a diagnostic tool for DENV, however, further work is recommended to assess its sensitivity for detecting DENV in people naturally infected with the virus and to determine its capacity to differentiate DENV serotypes and other arboviruses.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/10/2248near-infrared spectroscopydenguearbovirusdiagnosismachine learningartificial neural networks |
| spellingShingle | Brendon Goh Paul Visendi Anton R. Lord Silvia Ciocchetta Wenjun Liu Maggy T. Sikulu-Lord First Report of the Detection of DENV1 in Human Blood Plasma with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Viruses near-infrared spectroscopy dengue arbovirus diagnosis machine learning artificial neural networks |
| title | First Report of the Detection of DENV1 in Human Blood Plasma with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy |
| title_full | First Report of the Detection of DENV1 in Human Blood Plasma with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy |
| title_fullStr | First Report of the Detection of DENV1 in Human Blood Plasma with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy |
| title_full_unstemmed | First Report of the Detection of DENV1 in Human Blood Plasma with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy |
| title_short | First Report of the Detection of DENV1 in Human Blood Plasma with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy |
| title_sort | first report of the detection of denv1 in human blood plasma with near infrared spectroscopy |
| topic | near-infrared spectroscopy dengue arbovirus diagnosis machine learning artificial neural networks |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/10/2248 |
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