Estimation of Electric Arc Incident Energy in Electric Power Distribution Grids
The occurrence of an electric arc is an inherent possibility when working in a live line. Thermal risk is considered one of the most relevant risks associated with this type of event, so every worker who performs daily activities in the electricity distribution sector is subject to this risk to a le...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-04-01
|
| Series: | Energies |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/7/3202 |
| _version_ | 1797608028925591552 |
|---|---|
| author | Marina Camponogara Daniel Pinheiro Bernardon Tiago Bandeira Marchesan Vitor Cristiano Bender Fernando Cesar Pepe Gilnei José Gama dos Santos Lucas Melo de Chiara Martin Wolter |
| author_facet | Marina Camponogara Daniel Pinheiro Bernardon Tiago Bandeira Marchesan Vitor Cristiano Bender Fernando Cesar Pepe Gilnei José Gama dos Santos Lucas Melo de Chiara Martin Wolter |
| author_sort | Marina Camponogara |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The occurrence of an electric arc is an inherent possibility when working in a live line. Thermal risk is considered one of the most relevant risks associated with this type of event, so every worker who performs daily activities in the electricity distribution sector is subject to this risk to a lesser or greater degree. The quantification of the thermal risk is based on estimating the energy generated by the electric arc, and focuses on a surface called incident energy. Therefore, the incident energy estimate is used to define thermal protection strategies applicable to workers who carry out activities in the distribution sector. In light of this, the present work proposes a review of incident energy estimation methods for electric arcs in electric power distribution grids, highlighting the applicability of each of these methods in terms of voltage, short circuit type, and environment. Finally, five case studies are presented in which adequate methods are used to estimate the incident energy. Their results concerning incident energy and selected protective equipment (PPE) are compared. From the review of existing incident energy estimation methods in the literature and the case studies presented, the importance of selecting a suitable method for the type of system analyzed, considering electric, spatial, and intervention aspects, is observed. Finally, considering that the primary objective of incident energy estimation is to determine the need and selection of arc-rated PPE, the selected estimation method must be aligned and integrated with the clothing selection procedures and applicable PPE. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:37:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-74f742a3a53c448fb5884222ca077ef4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:37:50Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-74f742a3a53c448fb5884222ca077ef42023-11-17T16:38:48ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732023-04-01167320210.3390/en16073202Estimation of Electric Arc Incident Energy in Electric Power Distribution GridsMarina Camponogara0Daniel Pinheiro Bernardon1Tiago Bandeira Marchesan2Vitor Cristiano Bender3Fernando Cesar Pepe4Gilnei José Gama dos Santos5Lucas Melo de Chiara6Martin Wolter7Technology Center (CT), Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Rio Grande do Sul, BrazilTechnology Center (CT), Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Rio Grande do Sul, BrazilTechnology Center (CT), Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Rio Grande do Sul, BrazilTechnology Center (CT), Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Rio Grande do Sul, BrazilEngineering Board, CPFL Paulista, Piracicaba 13401-795, São Paulo, BrazilEngineering Board, Rio Grande Energia (RGE), São Leopoldo 93032-525, Rio Grande do Sul, BrazilStrategy and Innovation Board, CPFL Jaguari, Campinas 13087-397, São Paulo, BrazilInstitute for Electrical Energy Systems (IESY), Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg (OVGU), 39106 Magdeburg, Sachsen-Anhalt, GermanyThe occurrence of an electric arc is an inherent possibility when working in a live line. Thermal risk is considered one of the most relevant risks associated with this type of event, so every worker who performs daily activities in the electricity distribution sector is subject to this risk to a lesser or greater degree. The quantification of the thermal risk is based on estimating the energy generated by the electric arc, and focuses on a surface called incident energy. Therefore, the incident energy estimate is used to define thermal protection strategies applicable to workers who carry out activities in the distribution sector. In light of this, the present work proposes a review of incident energy estimation methods for electric arcs in electric power distribution grids, highlighting the applicability of each of these methods in terms of voltage, short circuit type, and environment. Finally, five case studies are presented in which adequate methods are used to estimate the incident energy. Their results concerning incident energy and selected protective equipment (PPE) are compared. From the review of existing incident energy estimation methods in the literature and the case studies presented, the importance of selecting a suitable method for the type of system analyzed, considering electric, spatial, and intervention aspects, is observed. Finally, considering that the primary objective of incident energy estimation is to determine the need and selection of arc-rated PPE, the selected estimation method must be aligned and integrated with the clothing selection procedures and applicable PPE.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/7/3202electric arcelectric power distribution gridsestimationincident energypersonal protective equipment |
| spellingShingle | Marina Camponogara Daniel Pinheiro Bernardon Tiago Bandeira Marchesan Vitor Cristiano Bender Fernando Cesar Pepe Gilnei José Gama dos Santos Lucas Melo de Chiara Martin Wolter Estimation of Electric Arc Incident Energy in Electric Power Distribution Grids Energies electric arc electric power distribution grids estimation incident energy personal protective equipment |
| title | Estimation of Electric Arc Incident Energy in Electric Power Distribution Grids |
| title_full | Estimation of Electric Arc Incident Energy in Electric Power Distribution Grids |
| title_fullStr | Estimation of Electric Arc Incident Energy in Electric Power Distribution Grids |
| title_full_unstemmed | Estimation of Electric Arc Incident Energy in Electric Power Distribution Grids |
| title_short | Estimation of Electric Arc Incident Energy in Electric Power Distribution Grids |
| title_sort | estimation of electric arc incident energy in electric power distribution grids |
| topic | electric arc electric power distribution grids estimation incident energy personal protective equipment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/7/3202 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT marinacamponogara estimationofelectricarcincidentenergyinelectricpowerdistributiongrids AT danielpinheirobernardon estimationofelectricarcincidentenergyinelectricpowerdistributiongrids AT tiagobandeiramarchesan estimationofelectricarcincidentenergyinelectricpowerdistributiongrids AT vitorcristianobender estimationofelectricarcincidentenergyinelectricpowerdistributiongrids AT fernandocesarpepe estimationofelectricarcincidentenergyinelectricpowerdistributiongrids AT gilneijosegamadossantos estimationofelectricarcincidentenergyinelectricpowerdistributiongrids AT lucasmelodechiara estimationofelectricarcincidentenergyinelectricpowerdistributiongrids AT martinwolter estimationofelectricarcincidentenergyinelectricpowerdistributiongrids |